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Hudson Volcano is a volcano in the rugged mountains of southern Chile. Lying in the Southern Volcanic Zone of the Andes, it was formed by the subduction of the oceanic Nazca Plate under the continental South American Plate. Hudson has the form of a 10-kilometre-wide (6-mile) volcanic caldera filled with ice. The volcano has erupted numerous times in the past 2.5 million years forming widespread tephra deposits, and is the most active volcano in the region. Four large eruptions have taken place in the past 20,000 years: 17,300–17,440 before present (BP), 7,750 BP, 4,200 BP, and in 1991. The 7,750 BP eruption was among the most intense volcanic eruptions in South America during the Holocene, devastated the local ecosystem and may have caused substantial shifts in human settlement and lifestyle. During the 1991 eruption, volcanic ash covered a large area in Chile and Argentina, and was deposited as far as Antarctica. The last eruption was in 2011. (Full article...)

Ocean Parkway

• ... that horse and sleigh racing once took place on Ocean Parkway (pictured)?
• ... that islands are home to almost 50 percent of land species at risk of extinction?
• ... that Ken Goldin has sold more than US$1.3 billion in collectibles?
• ... that one of the items on display at the Baltimore Museum and Gallery of Fine Arts was George Washington's shaving brush?
• ... that before Fred Thomas became an MP, he was the Royal Marines' light heavyweight boxing champion?
• ... that Fumika Baba had to learn how to draw for her role in the live-action drama adaptation of Hey Sensei, Don't You Know?
• ... that before becoming a commissioner of Indian affairs, William P. Dole was only known to have encountered Native Americans once in his life?
• ... that the pulse stops during the soliloquy of In C Mali?
• ... that Bolivian intelligence officer Roberto Quintanilla was responsible for cutting off Che Guevara's hands?

The ATR 72 involved in the crash

• Voepass Linhas Aéreas Flight 2283 (aircraft pictured) crashes in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, killing all 62 people on board.
• Sheikh Hasina resigns as the prime minister of Bangladesh following anti-government protests, and Muhammad Yunus is appointed leader of an interim government.
• Following a mass stabbing in Southport, far-right protesters riot in England and Northern Ireland.
• The United States, Russia, and their respective allies agree to a prisoner exchange of 26 people.

August 14: Independence Day in Pakistan (1947)

Roosevelt and Churchill

• 1264 – War of Saint Sabas: A Genoese fleet captured or sank most of the ships of a Venetian trade convoy off the Albanian coast.
• 1816 – The United Kingdom formally annexed the Tristan da Cunha archipelago, administering the islands from the Cape Colony in South Africa.
• 1941 – After a secret meeting in Newfoundland, British prime minister Winston Churchill and U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt (both pictured) issued the Atlantic Charter, establishing a vision for a post–World War II world.
• 2021 – A magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck in Haiti, killing at least 2,248 people and causing $1.5 billion in damages and economic loss.