Los Angeles Times

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Los Angeles Times
The front page of Los Angeles Times on July 10, 2021
TypeDaily newspaper
FormatBroadsheet
Owner(s)Los Angeles Times Communications LLC (Nant Capital)
Founder(s)
PresidentDr. Patrick Soon-Shiong
EditorKevin Merida
FoundedDecember 4, 1881; 142 years ago (1881-12-04) (as Los Angeles Daily Times)
LanguageEnglish
Headquarters2300 E. Imperial Highway
El Segundo, California 90245
CountryUnited States
Circulation142,382 Average print circulation[1]
105,000 Digital (2018)[2]
ISSN0458-3035 (print)
2165-1736 (web)
OCLC number3638237
Websitelatimes.com

The Los Angeles Times is a regional American daily newspaper that started publishing in Los Angeles, California in 1881. Based in the Greater Los Angeles area city of El Segundo since 2018,[3] it is the sixth-largest newspaper by circulation in the United States, as well as the largest newspaper in the western United States.[4] Owned by Patrick Soon-Shiong and published by California Times, the paper has won more than 40 Pulitzer Prizes.[5][6][7][8]

In the 19th century, the paper developed a reputation for civic boosterism and opposition to labor unions, the latter of which led to the bombing of its headquarters in 1910. The paper's profile grew substantially in the 1960s under publisher Otis Chandler, who adopted a more national focus. As with other regional newspapers in California and the United States, the paper's readership has declined since 2010. It has also been beset by a series of ownership changes, staff reductions, and other controversies.

In January 2018, the paper's staff voted to unionize and finalized their first union contract on October 16, 2019.[9] The paper moved out of its historic headquarters in downtown Los Angeles to a facility in El Segundo, near the Los Angeles International Airport, in July 2018. The L.A. Times' news coverage has evolved away from U.S. and international headlines and toward emphasizing California and especially Southern California stories since 2020.

In January 2024, the paper underwent its largest percentage reduction in headcount amounting to a layoff of over 20%, including senior staff editorial positions, in an effort to stem the tide of financial losses and maintain enough cash to be viably operational through the end of the year in a struggle for survival and relevance as a regional newspaper of diminished status.[10][11][12]

History

Otis era

Rubble of the Los Angeles Times building following the 1910 bombing
Otis Chandler and Harrison Gray Otis in August 1917

The Times was first published on December 4, 1881, as the Los Angeles Daily Times, under the direction of Nathan Cole Jr. and Thomas Gardiner. It was first printed at the Mirror printing plant, owned by Jesse Yarnell and T. J. Caystile. Unable to pay the printing bill, Cole and Gardiner turned the paper over to the Mirror Company. In the meantime, S. J. Mathes had joined the firm, and it was at his insistence that the Times continued publication. In July 1882, Harrison Gray Otis moved from Santa Barbara, California to become the paper's editor.[13]

Historian Kevin Starr wrote that Otis was a businessman "capable of manipulating the entire apparatus of politics and public opinion for his own enrichment".[14] Otis's editorial policy was based on civic boosterism, extolling the virtues of Los Angeles and promoting its growth. Toward those ends, the paper supported efforts to expand the city's water supply by acquiring the rights to the water supply of the distant Owens Valley.[15]

The efforts of the Times to fight local unions led to the bombing of its headquarters on October 1, 1910, killing 21 people. Two of the union leaders, James and Joseph McNamara, were charged. The American Federation of Labor hired noted trial attorney Clarence Darrow to represent the brothers, who eventually pleaded guilty.

Otis fastened a bronze eagle on top of a high frieze of the new Times headquarters building designed by Gordon Kaufmann, proclaiming anew the credo written by his wife, Eliza: "Stand Fast, Stand Firm, Stand Sure, Stand True".[16][17]

Chandler era

After Otis' death in 1917, his son-in-law, Harry Chandler, took control as publisher of the Times. Chandler was succeeded in 1944 by his son, Norman Chandler, who ran the paper during the rapid growth in Los Angeles following the end of World War I. Norman's wife, Dorothy Buffum Chandler, became active in civic affairs and led the effort to build the Los Angeles Music Center, whose main concert hall was named the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in her honor. Family members are buried at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery near Paramount Studios. The site also includes a memorial to the Times Building bombing victims.

In 1935, the newspaper moved to a new, landmark Art Deco building, the Los Angeles Times Building, to which the newspaper would add other facilities until taking up the entire city block between Spring, Broadway, First and Second streets, which came to be known as Times Mirror Square and would house the paper until 2018. Harry Chandler, then the president and general manager of Times-Mirror Co., declared the Los Angeles Times Building a "monument to the progress of our city and Southern California".[18]

The fourth generation of family publishers, Otis Chandler, held that position from 1960 to 1980. Otis Chandler sought legitimacy and recognition for his family's paper, often forgotten in the power centers of the Northeastern United States due to its geographic and cultural distance. He sought to remake the paper in the model of the nation's most respected newspapers, such as The New York Times and The Washington Post. Believing that the newsroom was "the heartbeat of the business",[19] Otis Chandler increased the size and pay of the reporting staff and expanded its national and international reporting. In 1962, the paper joined with The Washington Post to form the Los Angeles Times–Washington Post News Service to syndicate articles from both papers for other news organizations. He also toned down the unyielding conservatism that had characterized the paper over the years, adopting a much more centrist editorial stance.

During the 1960s, the paper won four Pulitzer Prizes, more than its previous nine decades combined.

In 2013, Times reporter Michael Hiltzik wrote that:

The first generations bought or founded their local paper for profits and also social and political influence (which often brought more profits). Their children enjoyed both profits and influence, but as the families grew larger, the later generations found that only one or two branches got the power, and everyone else got a share of the money. Eventually the coupon-clipping branches realized that they could make more money investing in something other than newspapers. Under their pressure the companies went public, or split apart, or disappeared. That's the pattern followed over more than a century by the Los Angeles Times under the Chandler family.[20]

The paper's early history and subsequent transformation was chronicled in an unauthorized history, Thinking Big (1977, ISBN 0-399-11766-0), and was one of four organizations profiled by David Halberstam in The Powers That Be (1979, ISBN 0-394-50381-3; 2000 reprint ISBN 0-252-06941-2). It has also been the whole or partial subject of nearly thirty dissertations in communications or social science in the past four decades.[21]

Former Times buildings

The Los Angeles Times has occupied five physical sites beginning in 1881.

Modern era

A Times newspaper vending machine featuring news of the 1984 Summer Olympics
The newspaper's current headquarters in El Segundo, California

The Los Angeles Times was beset in the first decade of the 21st century by a change in ownership, a bankruptcy, a rapid succession of editors, reductions in staff, decreases in paid circulation, the need to increase its Web presence, and a series of controversies.

The newspaper moved to a new headquarters building in El Segundo, near Los Angeles International Airport, in July 2018.[22][23][24][25]

Ownership

In 2000, Times Mirror Company, publisher of the Los Angeles Times, was purchased by the Tribune Company of Chicago, Illinois, placing the paper in co-ownership with the then WB-affiliated (now CW-affiliated) KTLA, which Tribune acquired in 1985.[26]

On April 2, 2007, the Tribune Company announced its acceptance of real estate entrepreneur Sam Zell's offer to buy the Chicago Tribune, the Los Angeles Times, and all other company assets. Zell announced that he would sell the Chicago Cubs baseball club. He put up for sale the company's 25 percent interest in Comcast SportsNet Chicago. Until shareholder approval was received, Los Angeles billionaires Ron Burkle and Eli Broad had the right to submit a higher bid, in which case Zell would have received a $25 million buyout fee.[27]

In December 2008, the Tribune Company filed for bankruptcy protection. The bankruptcy was a result of declining advertising revenue and a debt load of $12.9 billion, much of it incurred when the paper was taken private by Zell.[28]

On February 7, 2018, Tribune Publishing, formerly Tronc Inc., agreed to sell the Los Angeles Times and its two other southern California newspapers, The San Diego Union-Tribune and Hoy, to billionaire biotech investor Patrick Soon-Shiong.[29][30] This purchase by Soon-Shiong through his Nant Capital investment fund was for $500 million, as well as the assumption of $90 million in pension liabilities.[31][32] The sale to Soon-Shiong closed on June 16, 2018.[33]

Editorial changes and staff reductions

In 2000, John Carroll, former editor of the Baltimore Sun, was brought in to restore the luster of the newspaper.[34] During his reign at the Times, he eliminated more than 200 jobs, but despite an operating profit margin of 20 percent, the Tribune executives were unsatisfied with returns, and by 2005 Carroll had left the newspaper. His successor, Dean Baquet, refused to impose the additional cutbacks mandated by the Tribune Company.

Baquet was the first African-American to hold this type of editorial position at a top-tier daily. During Baquet and Carroll's time at the paper, it won 13 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other paper except The New York Times.[35] However, Baquet was removed from the editorship for not meeting the demands of the Tribune Group—as was publisher Jeffrey Johnson—and was replaced by James O'Shea of the Chicago Tribune. O'Shea himself left in January 2008 after a budget dispute with publisher David Hiller.

The paper's content and design style were overhauled several times in attempts to increase circulation. In 2000, a major change reorganized the news sections (related news was put closer together) and changed the "Local" section to the "California" section with more extensive coverage. Another major change in 2005 saw the Sunday "Opinion" section retitled the Sunday "Current" section, with a radical change in its presentation and featured columnists. There were regular cross-promotions with Tribune-owned television station KTLA to bring evening-news viewers into the Times fold.

The paper reported on July 3, 2008, that it planned to cut 250 jobs by Labor Day and reduce the number of published pages by 15 percent.[36][37] That included about 17 percent of the news staff, as part of the newly private media company's mandate to reduce costs. "We've tried to get ahead of all the change that's occurring in the business and get to an organization and size that will be sustainable", Hiller said.[38] In January 2009, the Times eliminated the separate California/Metro section, folding it into the front section of the newspaper. The Times also announced seventy job cuts in news and editorial or a 10 percent cut in payroll.[39]

In September 2015, Austin Beutner, the publisher and chief executive, was replaced by Timothy E. Ryan.[40] On October 5, 2015, the Poynter Institute reported that "'At least 50' editorial positions will be culled from the Los Angeles Times" through a buyout.[41] In June 2009, with foresight, the Los Angeles Times reported, "For the 'funemployed,' unemployment is welcome."[42] Nancy Cleeland,[43] who took O'Shea's buyout offer, did so because of "frustration with the paper's coverage of working people and organized labor"[44] (the beat that earned her Pulitzer).[43] She speculated that the paper's revenue shortfall could be reversed by expanding coverage of economic justice topics, which she believed were increasingly relevant to Southern California; she cited the paper's attempted hiring of a "celebrity justice reporter" as an example of the wrong approach.[44]

On August 21, 2017, Ross Levinsohn, then aged 54, was named publisher and CEO, replacing Davan Maharaj, who had been both publisher and editor.[45] On June 16, 2018, the same day the sale to Patrick Soon-Shiong closed, Norman Pearlstine was named executive editor.[33]

On May 3, 2021, the newspaper announced that it had selected Kevin Merida to be the new executive editor. Merida is a senior vice president at ESPN and leads The Undefeated, a site focused on sports, race, and culture. Previously, he was the first Black managing editor at The Washington Post.[46]

The Los Angeles Times Olympic Boulevard printing press was not purchased by Soon-Shiong and was kept by the original Tribune before being sold to developers in 2016, who plan to build sound stages on the property.[47] It was opened in 1990 and could print 70,000 96-page newspapers an hour.[48][49] In preparation for the closure and editorial reasons for refocusing sports coverage, daily game and box score coverage was eliminated on July 9, 2023. The sports section features less time sensitive articles, billed as similar to a magazine.[50] The change caused consternation from the Los Angeles Jewish community, who often found reading box scores in the morning a Shabbat ritual.[51] The last issue of the Times printed at Olympic Boulevard was the March 11, 2024 edition.[52] The Times will be printed in Riverside, at the Southern California News Group's Press-Enterprise printer, which also prints Southern California editions of the New York Times and Wall Street Journal.[53]

On January 23, 2024, the newspaper announced a layoff that would affect at least 115 employees.[54]

Circulation

An abandoned Los Angeles Times vending machine in Covina, California, in 2011

The Times has suffered continued decline in distribution. Reasons offered for the circulation drop included a price increase[55] and a rise in the proportion of readers preferring to read the online version instead of the print version.[56] Editor Jim O'Shea, in an internal memo announcing a May 2007, mostly voluntary, reduction in force, characterized the decrease in circulation as an "industry-wide problem" which the paper had to counter by "growing rapidly on-line", "break[ing] news on the Web and explain[ing] and analyz[ing] it in our newspaper."[57]

The Times closed its San Fernando Valley printing plant in early 2006, leaving press operations to the Olympic plant and to Orange County. Also that year the paper announced its circulation had fallen to 851,532, down 5.4 percent from 2005. The Times's loss of circulation was the largest of the top ten newspapers in the U.S.[58] Some observers believed that the drop was due to the retirement of circulation director Bert Tiffany. Others thought the decline was a side effect of a succession of short-lived editors who were appointed by publisher Mark Willes after publisher Otis Chandler relinquished day-to-day control in 1995.[19] Willes, the former president of General Mills, was criticized for his lack of understanding of the newspaper business, and was derisively referred to by reporters and editors as The Cereal Killer.[59] Subsequently, the Orange County plant closed in 2010.[60]

The Times's reported daily circulation in October 2010 was 600,449,[61] down from a peak of 1,225,189 daily and 1,514,096 Sunday in April 1990.[62][63]

Internet presence and free weeklies

In December 2006, a team of Times reporters delivered management with a critique of the paper's online news efforts known as the Spring Street Project.[64] The report, which condemned the Times as a "web-stupid" organization,[64] was followed by a shakeup in management of the paper's website,[65]and a rebuke of print staffers who were described as treating "change as a threat."[66]

On July 10, 2007, Times launched a local Metromix site targeting live entertainment for young adults.[67] A free weekly tabloid print edition of Metromix Los Angeles followed in February 2008; the publication was the newspaper's first stand-alone print weekly.[68] In 2009, the Times shut down Metromix and replaced it with Brand X, a blog site and free weekly tabloid targeting young, social networking readers.[69] Brand X launched in March 2009; the Brand X tabloid ceased publication in June 2011 and the website was shut down the following month.[70]

In May 2018, the Times blocked access to its online edition from most of Europe because of the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation.[71][72]

Other controversies

In 1999, it was revealed that a revenue-sharing arrangement was in place between the Times and Staples Center in the preparation of a 168-page magazine about the opening of the sports arena. The magazine's editors and writers were not informed of the agreement, which breached the Chinese wall that traditionally has separated advertising from journalistic functions at American newspapers. Publisher Mark Willes also had not prevented advertisers from pressuring reporters in other sections of the newspaper to write stories favorable to their point of view.[73] Michael Kinsley was hired as the Opinion and Editorial (op-ed) Editor in April 2004 to help improve the quality of the opinion pieces. His role was controversial, for he forced writers to take a more decisive stance on issues. In 2005, he created a Wikitorial, the first Wiki by a major news organization. Although it failed, readers could combine forces to produce their own editorial pieces. It was shut down after being besieged with inappropriate material. He resigned later that year.[74]

In 2003, the Times drew fire for a last-minute story before the California recall election alleging that gubernatorial candidate Arnold Schwarzenegger groped scores of women during his movie career. Columnist Jill Stewart wrote on the American Reporter website that the Times did not do a story on allegations that former Governor Gray Davis had verbally and physically abused women in his office, and that the Schwarzenegger story relied on a number of anonymous sources. Further, she said, four of the six alleged victims were not named. She also said that in the case of the Davis allegations, the Times decided against printing the Davis story because of its reliance on anonymous sources.[75][76] The American Society of Newspaper Editors said that the Times lost more than 10,000 subscribers because of the negative publicity surrounding the Schwarzenegger article.[77]

On November 12, 2005, new op-ed editor Andrés Martinez announced the dismissal of liberal op-ed columnist Robert Scheer and conservative editorial cartoonist Michael Ramirez.[78]

The Times also came under controversy for its decision to drop the weekday edition of the Garfield comic strip in 2005, in favor of a hipper comic strip Brevity, while retaining it in the Sunday edition. Garfield was dropped altogether shortly thereafter.[79]

Following the Republican Party's defeat in the 2006 mid-term elections, an Opinion piece by Joshua Muravchik, a leading neoconservative and a resident scholar at the conservative American Enterprise Institute, published on November 19, 2006, was titled 'Bomb Iran'. The article shocked some readers, with its hawkish comments in support of more unilateral action by the United States, this time against Iran.[80]

On March 22, 2007, editorial page editor Andrés Martinez resigned following an alleged scandal centering on his girlfriend's professional relationship with a Hollywood producer who had been asked to guest-edit a section in the newspaper.[81] In an open letter written upon leaving the paper, Martinez criticized the publication for allowing the Chinese wall between the news and editorial departments to be weakened, accusing news staffers of lobbying the opinion desk.[82]

In November 2017, Walt Disney Studios blacklisted the Times from attending press screenings of its films, in retaliation for September 2017 reportage by the paper on Disney's political influence in the Anaheim area. The company considered the coverage to be "biased and inaccurate". As a sign of condemnation and solidarity, a number of major publications and writers, including The New York Times, Boston Globe critic Ty Burr, Washington Post blogger Alyssa Rosenberg, and the websites The A.V. Club and Flavorwire, announced that they would boycott press screenings of future Disney films. The National Society of Film Critics, Los Angeles Film Critics Association, New York Film Critics Circle, and Boston Society of Film Critics jointly announced that Disney's films would be ineligible for their respective year-end awards unless the decision was reversed, condemning the decision as being "antithetical to the principles of a free press and [setting] a dangerous precedent in a time of already heightened hostility towards journalists". On November 7, 2017, Disney reversed its decision, stating that the company "had productive discussions with the newly installed leadership at the Los Angeles Times regarding our specific concerns".[83][84][85]

Pulitzer Prizes

Tragedy by the Sea, an April 1954 photo taken by Los Angeles Times photographer John L. Gaunt of a young couple standing together beside the Pacific Ocean in Hermosa Beach, California. A few minutes before the image was taken, the couple's 19-month-old son Michael disappeared. The photo won the 1955 Pulitzer Prize for Photography.

As of 2014, the Times has won 41 Pulitzer Prizes, including four in editorial cartooning, and one each in spot news reporting for the 1965 Watts Riots and the 1992 Los Angeles riots.[86]

Competition and rivalries

In the 19th century, the chief competition to the Times was the Los Angeles Examiner followed by the smaller Los Angeles Tribune. In December 1903, newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst began publishing the Los Angeles Examiner as a direct morning competitor to the Times.[96] In the 20th century, the Los Angeles Express, Manchester Boddy's Los Angeles Daily News, a Democratic newspaper, were both afternoon competitors.[97]

By the mid-1940s, the Times was the leading newspaper in terms of circulation in the Greater Los Angeles. In 1948, it launched the Los Angeles Mirror, an afternoon tabloid, to compete with both the Daily News and the merged Herald-Express. In 1954, the Mirror absorbed the Daily News. The combined paper, the Mirror-News, ceased publication in 1962, when the Hearst afternoon Herald-Express and the morning Los Angeles Examiner merged to become the Herald-Examiner.[98] The Herald-Examiner published its last number in 1989.

In 2014, the Los Angeles Register, published by Freedom Communications, then-parent company of the Orange County Register, was launched as a daily newspaper to compete with the Times. By late September of that year, however, the Los Angeles Register closed.[99][100]

Special editions

Midwinter and midsummer

Midwinter

For 69 years, from 1885[101] until 1954, the Times issued on New Year's Day a special annual Midwinter Number or Midwinter Edition that extolled the virtues of Southern California. At first, it was called the "Trade Number", and in 1886 it featured a special press run of "extra scope and proportions"; that is, "a twenty-four-page paper, and we hope to make it the finest exponent of this [Southern California] country that ever existed."[102] Two years later, the edition had grown to "forty-eight handsome pages (9×15 inches), [which] stitched for convenience and better preservation", was "equivalent to a 150-page book."[103] The last use of the phrase Trade Number was in 1895, when the edition had grown to thirty-six pages split among three separate sections.[104]

The Midwinter Number drew acclamations from other newspapers, including this one from The Kansas City Star in 1923:

It is made up of five magazines with a total of 240 pages – the maximum size possible under the postal regulations. It goes into every detail of information about Los Angeles and Southern California that the heart could desire. It is virtually a cyclopedia on the subject. It drips official statistics. In addition, it verifies the statistics with a profusion of illustration. . . . it is a remarkable combination of guidebook and travel magazine.[105]

In 1948, the Midwinter Edition, as it was then called, had grown to "7 big picture magazines in beautiful rotogravure reproduction."[106] The last mention of the Midwinter Edition was in a Times advertisement on January 10, 1954.[107]

Midsummer

Between 1891 and 1895, the Times also issued a similar Midsummer Number, the first one featuring the theme, "The Land and Its Fruits".[108] Because of its issue date in September, the edition was in 1891 called the Midsummer Harvest Number.[109]

Zoned editions and subsidiaries

Front page of the March 25, 1903 debut issue of the short-lived The Wireless, published in Avalon[110]

In 1903, Pacific Wireless Telegraph Company established a radiotelegraph link between the California mainland and Santa Catalina Island. In the summer of that year, the Times made use of this link to establish a local daily paper, based in Avalon, The Wireless, which featured local news plus excerpts which had been transmitted via Morse code from the parent paper.[111] However, this effort apparently survived for only a little more than one year.[112]

In the 1990s, the Times published various editions catering to far-flung areas. Editions included those from the San Fernando Valley, Ventura County, Inland Empire, Orange County, San Diego County & a "National Edition" that was distributed to Washington, D.C., and the San Francisco Bay Area. The National Edition was closed in December 2004.

Some of these editions[quantify] were succeeded by Our Times, a group of community supplements included in editions of the regular Los Angeles Metro newspaper.[citation needed]

A subsidiary, Times Community Newspapers, publishes the Daily Pilot of Newport Beach and Costa Mesa.[113][114] From 2011 to 2013, the Times had published the Pasadena Sun.[115] It also had published the Glendale News-Press and Burbank Leader from 1993 to 2020, and the La Cañada Valley Sun from 2005 to 2020.[116]

On April 30, 2020, Charlie Plowman, publisher of Outlook Newspapers, announced he would acquire the Glendale News-Press, Burbank Leader and La Cañada Valley Sun from Times Community Newspapers. Plowman acquired the South Pasadena Review and San Marino Tribune in late January 2020 from the Salter family, who owned and operated these two community weeklies.[117]

Features

One of the Times' features was "Column One", a feature that appeared daily on the front page to the left-hand side. Established in September 1968, it was a place for the weird and the interesting; in the How Far Can a Piano Fly? (a compilation of Column One stories) introduction, Patt Morrison wrote that the column's purpose was to elicit a "Gee, that's interesting, I didn't know that" type of reaction.

The Times also embarked on a number of investigative journalism pieces. A series in December 2004 on the King/Drew Medical Center in Los Angeles led to a Pulitzer Prize and a more thorough coverage of the hospital's troubled history. Lopez wrote a five-part series on the civic and humanitarian disgrace of Los Angeles' Skid Row, which became the focus of a 2009 motion picture, The Soloist. It also won 62 awards at the SND[clarification needed] awards.

From 1967 to 1972, the Times produced a Sunday supplement called West magazine. West was recognized for its art design, which was directed by Mike Salisbury (who later became art director of Rolling Stone magazine).[118] From 2000 to 2012, the Times published the Los Angeles Times Magazine, which started as a weekly and then became a monthly supplement. The magazine focused on stories and photos of people, places, style, and other cultural affairs occurring in Los Angeles and its surrounding cities and communities. Since 2014, The California Sunday Magazine has been included in the Sunday L.A. Times edition.

Promotion

Festival of Books

The The Los Angeles Times Festival of Books in 2009, held on the campus of the UCLA

In 1996, the Times started the annual Los Angeles Times Festival of Books, in association with the University of California, Los Angeles. It has panel discussions, exhibits, and stages during two days at the end of April each year.[119] In 2011, the Festival of Books was moved to the University of Southern California.[120]

Book prizes

Since 1980, the Times has awarded annual book prizes. The categories are now biography, current interest, fiction, first fiction, history, mystery/thriller, poetry, science and technology, and young adult fiction. In addition, the Robert Kirsch Award is presented annually to a living author with a substantial connection to the American West whose contribution to American letters deserves special recognition".[121]

Los Angeles Times Grand Prix

From 1957 to 1987, the Times sponsored the Los Angeles Times Grand Prix that was held over at the Riverside International Raceway in Moreno Valley, California.

Other media

Book publishing

The Times Mirror Corporation has also owned a number of book publishers over the years, including New American Library, C.V. Mosby, Harry N. Abrams, Matthew Bender, and Jeppesen.[122]

In 1960, Times Mirror of Los Angeles bought the book publisher New American Library, known for publishing affordable paperback reprints of classics and other scholarly works.[123] The NAL continued to operate autonomously from New York and within the Mirror Company. In 1983, Odyssey Partners and Ira J. Hechler bought NAL from the Times Mirror Company for over $50 million.[122]

In 1967, Times Mirror acquired C.V. Mosby Company, a professional publisher and merged it over the years with several other professional publishers including Resource Application, Inc., Year Book Medical Publishers, Wolfe Publishing Ltd., PSG Publishing Company, B.C. Decker, Inc., among others. Eventually in 1998 Mosby was sold to Harcourt Brace & Company to form the Elsevier Health Sciences group.[124]

Broadcasting activities

Times-Mirror Broadcasting Company
FormerlyKTTV, Inc. (1947–1963)
Company typePrivate
IndustryBroadcast television
Media
FoundedDecember 1947 (1947-12)
Defunct1993
FateAcquired by Argyle Television (sold to New World Communications in 1994)
Headquarters,
Area served
United States
ProductsBroadcast and cable television
ParentThe Times-Mirror Company (1947–1963, 1970–1993)
Silent (1963–1970)

The Times-Mirror Company was a founding owner of television station KTTV in Los Angeles, which opened in January 1949. It became that station's sole owner in 1951, after re-acquiring the minority shares it had sold to CBS in 1948. Times-Mirror also purchased a former motion picture studio, Nassour Studios, in Hollywood in 1950, which was then used to consolidate KTTV's operations. Later to be known as Metromedia Square, the studio was sold along with KTTV to Metromedia in 1963.

After a seven-year hiatus from the medium, the firm reactivated Times-Mirror Broadcasting Company with its 1970 purchase of the Dallas Times Herald and its radio and television stations, KRLD-AM-FM-TV in Dallas.[125] The Federal Communications Commission granted an exemption of its cross-ownership policy and allowed Times-Mirror to retain the newspaper and the television outlet, which was renamed KDFW-TV.

Times-Mirror Broadcasting later acquired KTBC-TV in Austin, Texas in 1973;[126] and in 1980 purchased a group of stations owned by Newhouse Newspapers: WAPI-TV (now WVTM-TV) in Birmingham, Alabama; KTVI in St. Louis; WSYR-TV (now WSTM-TV) in Syracuse, New York and its satellite station WSYE-TV (now WETM-TV) in Elmira, New York; and WTPA-TV (now WHTM-TV) in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.[127] The company also entered the field of cable television, servicing the Phoenix and San Diego areas, amongst others. They were originally titled Times-Mirror Cable, and were later renamed to Dimension Cable Television. Similarly, they also attempted to enter the pay-TV market, with the Spotlight movie network; it was not successful and was quickly shut down. The cable systems were sold in the mid-1990s to Cox Communications.

Times-Mirror also pared its station group down, selling off the Syracuse, Elmira and Harrisburg properties in 1986.[128] The remaining four outlets were packaged to a new upstart holding company, Argyle Television, in 1993.[129] These stations were acquired by New World Communications shortly thereafter and became key components in a sweeping shift of network-station affiliations which occurred between 1994 and 1995.

Stations

City of license / market Station Channel
TV / (RF)
Years owned Current ownership status
Birmingham WVTM-TV 13 (13) 1980–1993 NBC affiliate owned by Hearst Television
Los Angeles KTTV 1 11 (11) 1949–1963 Fox owned-and-operated (O&O)
St. Louis KTVI 2 (43) 1980–1993 Fox affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
Elmira, New York WETM-TV 18 (18) 1980–1986 NBC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
Syracuse, New York WSTM-TV 3 (24) 1980–1986 NBC affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group
Harrisburg - Lancaster -
Lebanon - York
WHTM-TV 27 (10) 1980–1986 ABC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
Austin, Texas KTBC-TV 7 (7) 1973–1993 Fox owned-and-operated (O&O)
Dallas - Fort Worth KDFW-TV 2 4 (35) 1970–1993 Fox owned-and-operated (O&O)

Notes:

  • 1 Co-owned with CBS until 1951 in a joint venture (51% owned by Times-Mirror, 49% owned by CBS);
  • 2 Purchased along with KRLD-AM-FM as part of Times-Mirror's acquisition of the Dallas Times Herald. Times-Mirror sold the radio stations to comply with FCC cross-ownership restrictions.

Employees

Unionization

On January 19, 2018, employees of the news department voted 248–44 in a National Labor Relations Board election to be represented by the NewsGuild-CWA.[130] The vote came despite aggressive opposition from the paper's management team,[citation needed] reversing more than a century of anti-union sentiment at one of the biggest newspapers in the country.[citation needed]

Writers and editors

Cartoonists

Photographers

References

  1. ^ Turvill, William (June 24, 2022). "Top 25 US newspaper circulations: Print sales fall another 12% in 2022". Press Gazette. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  2. ^ "Top 25 U.S. Newspapers For March 2013". Alliance for Audited Media. April 30, 2013. Archived from the original on June 11, 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
  3. ^ "Los Angeles Times | History, Ownership, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved October 1, 2020.
  4. ^ Turvill, William (June 24, 2022). "Top 25 US newspaper circulations: Print sales fall another 12% in 2022". Press Gazette. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
  5. ^ Chang, Andrea; James, Andrea (April 13, 2018). "Patrick Soon-Shiong — immigrant, doctor, billionaire, and soon, newspaper owner — starts a new era at the L.A. Times". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  6. ^ Corey Frost; Karen Weingarten; Doug Babington; Don LePan; Maureen Okun (May 30, 2017). The Broadview Guide to Writing: A Handbook for Students (6th ed.). Broadview Press. pp. 27–. ISBN 978-1-55481-313-1. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
  7. ^ James, Meg (February 19, 2021). "Patrick Soon-Shiong affirms commitment to the Los Angeles Times". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 27, 2024. Soon-Shiong, a biotech entrepreneur, and his wife, Michele, purchased The Times and the Union-Tribune in June 2018 for $500 million. Since then the company, now called California Times, has embarked on an unprecedented hiring spree, adding more than 150 journalists to The Times.
  8. ^ Caulfield, Mike (January 8, 2017), "National Newspapers of Record", Web Literacy for Student Fact-Checkers, Pressbooks Create, retrieved July 20, 2020
  9. ^ James, Meg (October 17, 2019). "Los Angeles Times reaches historic agreement with its newsroom union". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 15, 2019.
  10. ^ Robertson, Katie; Mullin, Benjamin (January 23, 2024). "Los Angeles Times to Slash Newsroom by Over 20%". The New York Times. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
  11. ^ Barrionuevo, Alexei; Knolle, Sharon; Korach, Natalie (January 25, 2024). "Chaos, Fury Engulf Los Angeles Times in Historic Cuts to Newsroom". The Wrap. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
  12. ^ Meg James (January 23, 2024). "L.A. Times to lay off at least 115 people in the newsroom". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
  13. ^ "Mirror Acorn, 'Times' Oak", Los Angeles Times, October 23, 1923, page II-1 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
  14. ^ Starr, Kevin (1985). Inventing the Dream: California Through the Progressive Era. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 228. ISBN 0-19-503489-9. OCLC 11089240.
  15. ^ Arango, Tim; Nagourney, Adam (January 30, 2018). "A Paper Tears Apart in a City That Never Quite Came Together". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 3, 2019.
  16. ^ Berges, Marshall. The Life and Times of Los Angeles: A Newspaper, A Family and A City. New York: Atheneum. p. 25.
  17. ^ Clarence Darrow: Biography and Much More from Answers.com at www.answers.com
  18. ^ DiMassa, Cara Mia (June 26, 2008). "Much has changed around the Los Angeles Times Building". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 26, 2008.
  19. ^ a b McDougal, Dennis (2002). Privileged Son: Otis Chandler and the Rise and Fall of the L.A. Times Dynasty. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo. ISBN 0-306-81161-8. OCLC 49594139.
  20. ^ Hiltzik, Michael (August 6, 2013). "Washington Post Buy: Can Jeff Bezos Fix Newspapers' Business Model?". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
  21. ^ ProQuest Dissertation Abstracts. Retrieved June 8, 2007.
  22. ^ Chang, Andrea (April 17, 2018). "L.A. Times will move to 2300 E. Imperial Highway in El Segundo". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  23. ^ "Biotech billionaire takes control of the LA Times, names new executive editor". Orange County Register. Associated Press. June 18, 2018. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  24. ^ Curwen, Thomas (July 20, 2018). "For a brief, shining moment, Times Mirror Square was L.A.'s Camelot". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  25. ^ Miranda, Carolina (July 17, 2018). "Ugly carpets and green marble: The design of the Los Angeles Times buildings changed along with the city, though not always gracefully". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  26. ^ "Tribune called on to sell L.A. Times". CNN. September 18, 2006. Retrieved June 19, 2012.
  27. ^ "Tribune goes to Zell". Chicago Sun-Times. April 3, 2007. Archived from the original on September 18, 2008.
  28. ^ James Rainey & Michael A. Hiltzik (December 9, 2008). "Owner of L.A. Times files for bankruptcy". Los Angeles Times.
  29. ^ James, Meg; Koren, James Rufus (February 7, 2018). "Billionaire Patrick Soon-Shiong reaches deal to buy L.A. Times and San Diego Union-Tribune". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
  30. ^ Alpert, Lukas I. (February 6, 2018). "Tronc in Talks to Sell Flagship Los Angeles Times to Billionaire Investor". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
  31. ^ "Tronc Pushes Into Digital Future After Los Angeles Times Sale". February 7, 2018. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
  32. ^ James, Meg; Chang, Andrea (April 13, 2018). "Patrick Soon-Shiong plans to move Los Angeles Times to new campus in El Segundo". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 13, 2018.
  33. ^ a b Arango, Tim (June 18, 2018). "Norman Pearlstine Named Editor of The Los Angeles Times". The New York Times. Retrieved June 18, 2018.
  34. ^ "John Carroll, former Baltimore Sun and Los Angeles Times editor, dies at 73". TheGuardian.com. June 14, 2015.
  35. ^ Pappu, Sridhar (March–April 2007). "Reckless Disregard: Dean Baquet on the gutting of the Los Angeles Times". Mother Jones.
  36. ^ Hiltzik, Michael A. (July 3, 2008). "Los Angeles Times to cut 250 jobs, including 150 from news staff: The newspaper cites falling ad revenue in economic slowdown". Los Angeles Times.
  37. ^ Politi, Daniel (July 3, 2008). "Today's Papers: "You Have Been Liberated"". Slate.
  38. ^ Shiva Ovide (July 3, 2008). "Los Angeles Times to Cut Staff". The New York Times. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
  39. ^ Roderick, Kevin (January 30, 2009). "Los Angeles Times kills local news section". LA Observed. Retrieved August 8, 2016.
  40. ^ Somaiya, Ravi (September 8, 2015). "Austin Beutner Ousted as Los Angeles Times Publisher". The New York Times. The New York Times.
  41. ^ Mullin, Benjamin (October 5, 2015). "Tribune Publishing CEO announces buyouts". Poynter. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved August 8, 2016.
  42. ^ "For the 'funemployed,' unemployment is welcome". LA Times. June 4, 2009. Retrieved August 8, 2016.
  43. ^ a b E&P Staff (May 28, 2007). "Pulitzer Winner Explains Why She Took 'L.A. Times' Buyout". Editor & Publisher. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Retrieved May 28, 2007.
  44. ^ a b Cleeland, Nancy (May 28, 2007). "Why I'm Leaving The L.A. Times". Huffington Post.
  45. ^ James, Meg (August 21, 2017). "Ross Levinsohn is named the new publisher and CEO of the L.A. Times as top editors are ousted". Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  46. ^ Robertson, Katie (May 3, 2021). "Los Angeles Times Hires Its Next Top Editor: Kevin Merida, of ESPN". The New York Times. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
  47. ^ Yee, Gregory (November 4, 2022). "The Times' downtown L.A. printing facility will shut down in 2024". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  48. ^ Curwen, Thomas; Molina, Genaro (March 10, 2024). "Storied presses print L.A. Times for the last time as production moves to Riverside". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  49. ^ "Times-Mirror Company, Los Angeles Times Olympic Printing Plant, Los Angeles, CA". PCAD. Archived from the original on July 12, 2023. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  50. ^ "L.A. Times makes changes to printed sports section". Sports Business Journal. July 11, 2023. Archived from the original on July 12, 2023. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  51. ^ Keene, Louis (July 10, 2023). "New LA Times sports section has Sabbath-observant fans feeling boxed out". The Forward. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  52. ^ "Photos: The day the presses stopped running | A farewell to the Los Angeles Times Olympic plant". Los Angeles Times. March 11, 2024. Retrieved March 14, 2024.
  53. ^ Wolf, Scott (July 9, 2023). "It's The End Of An Era In Los Angeles". InsideUSC with Scott Wolf. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  54. ^ Taylor, Sarah Grace. "LA Times slashes newsroom as paper struggles under billionaire owner". Politico. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
  55. ^ Shah, Diane, "The New Los Angeles Times" Columbia Journalism Review 2002, 3.
  56. ^ Rainey, James, "Newspaper Circulation Continues to Fall", Los Angeles Times May 1, 2007: D1.
  57. ^ E&P Staff (May 25, 2007). "California Split: 57 More Job Cuts at 'L.A. Times'". Editor & Publisher. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Retrieved May 28, 2007.
  58. ^ Lieberman, David (May 9, 2006). "Newspaper sales dip, but websites gain". USA Today.
  59. ^ Shaw, David. "Crossing the Line". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 24, 2015. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
  60. ^ Koren, James Rufus (February 18, 2016). "Former L.A. Times plant in Costa Mesa may become creative office space". Daily Pilot. Retrieved July 15, 2023.
  61. ^ Bill Cromwell (April 26, 2010). "Like Newspaper Revenue, the Decline in Circ Shows Signs of Slowing". editorandpublisher.com. Archived from the original on October 27, 2010. Retrieved April 26, 2010.
  62. ^ "The Los Angeles Times' history". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  63. ^ As told to RJ Smith. "Ripped from the headlines - Los Angeles Magazine". Lamag.com. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  64. ^ a b Saar, Mayrav (January 26, 2007). "LAT's Scathing Internal Memo. Read It Here". FishbowlLA. mediabistro.com. Archived from the original on October 30, 2007.
  65. ^ Roderick, Kevin (January 24, 2007). "Times retools on web — again". LA Observed.
  66. ^ Welch, Matt (January 24, 2007). "Spring Street Project unveiled!". Los Angeles Times.
  67. ^ "Metromix Makes Cool Debut". Los Angeles Times. July 10, 2007. Retrieved October 3, 2013.
  68. ^ Ives, Nate (February 13, 2008). "Los Angeles Times Launches Free Weekly". Advertising Age. Retrieved October 3, 2013.
  69. ^ "Editor announces weekly tabloid aimed at social-networking readers". Los Angeles Times. March 25, 2009. Retrieved October 3, 2013.
  70. ^ Roderick, Kevin (June 29, 2011). "L.A. Times folds Brand X". LA Observed. Retrieved October 3, 2013.
  71. ^ Petroff, Alanna. "LA Times takes down website in Europe as privacy rules bite". CNN.
  72. ^ Newcomb, Alyssa (May 25, 2018). "Chicago Tribune, Los Angeles Times block European users due to GDPR". CBS News. NBC Universal. Retrieved June 8, 2018.
  73. ^ Elder, Sean (November 5, 1999). "Meltdown at the L.A. Times". Salon.com. Retrieved March 26, 2007.
  74. ^ Naughton, Philippe (June 21, 2005). "Foul language forces LA Times to pull plug on 'wikitorial'". The Times. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  75. ^ Stewart, Jill (October 14, 2003). "How the Los Angeles Times Really Decided to Publish its Accounts of Women Who Said They Were Groped". jillstewart.net. Archived from the original on February 1, 2008.
  76. ^ Cohn, Gary; Hall, Carla; Welkos, Robert W. (October 2, 2003). "Women Say Schwarzenegger Groped, Humiliated Them". Los Angeles Times.[dead link] Alt URL
  77. ^ "ASNE recognizes Los Angeles Times editor for leadership". ASNE.org. American Society of Newspaper Editors. March 24, 2004. Archived from the original on November 15, 2007.
  78. ^ "LA Times Fires Longtime Progressive Columnist Robert Scheer". Democracy Now!. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  79. ^ Astor, Dave (January 5, 2005). "'L.A. Times' Drops Daily 'Garfield' as the Comic Is Blasted and Praised". Editor & Publisher. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Archived from the original on September 19, 2008. Retrieved March 26, 2007. Alt URL Archived December 22, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  80. ^ Muravchik, Joshua (November 19, 2006). "Bomb Iran". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 26, 2007.
  81. ^ Rainey, James (March 22, 2007). "Editor Resigns over Killed Opinion Section". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 25, 2007. Retrieved March 26, 2007.
  82. ^ Martinez, Andrés (March 22, 2007). "Grazergate, an Epilogue". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 26, 2007.
  83. ^ Carroll, Rory (November 7, 2017). "Disney's blackout of LA Times triggers boycott from media outlets". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
  84. ^ "Why I won't be reviewing 'The Last Jedi,' or any other Disney movie, in advance". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
  85. ^ Carroll, Rory (November 7, 2017). "Disney ends blackout of LA Times after boycott from media outlets". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
  86. ^ "Los Angeles Times – Media Center". Los Angeles Times. January 17, 1994. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  87. ^ "Beach Home Toddler Feared Drowned in Sea". The Los Angeles Times. April 3, 1954. p. 1. Archived from the original on October 5, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  88. ^ "The 1984 Pulitzer Prize Winner in Public Service". The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  89. ^ "1999 Pulitzer Prize winners for beat reporting". Columbia journalism review. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
  90. ^ Shaw, David (April 13, 1999). "2 Times Staffers Share Pulitzer for Beat Reporting". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  91. ^ "The Pulitzer Prizes | Biography". Pulitzer.org. October 18, 1956. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
  92. ^ "2009 Pulitzer Prizes: Journalism". Reuters. April 20, 2009. Archived from the original on April 24, 2009. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
  93. ^ "The Pulitzer Prizes | Citation". www.pulitzer.org. Retrieved November 13, 2015.
  94. ^ Goffard, Christopher (April 18, 2016). "Los Angeles Times wins Pulitzer for San Bernardino terrorist attack coverage". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 16, 2020.
  95. ^ "Los Angeles Times". April 15, 2019. Retrieved April 17, 2016.
  96. ^ "December 1903: Hearst's Examiner comes to L.A". Ulwaf.com. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
  97. ^ Red Ink, White Lies: The Rise and Fall of Los Angeles Newspapers, 1920–1962 by Rob Leicester Wagner, Dragonflyer Press, 2000.
  98. ^ Leonard Pitt and Dale Pitt, Los Angeles: A to Z, University of California Press, ISBN 0-520-20274-0.
  99. ^ "Los Angeles Register newspaper ends publication, five months after launch". Reuters. September 23, 2014. Retrieved November 8, 2019.
  100. ^ "Los Angeles Register to launch as new daily newspaper". Orange County Register. December 13, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2019.
  101. ^ "Harrison Gray Otis Southern California Historical Society". Socalhistory.org. May 25, 2016. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved August 8, 2016.
  102. ^ "Our Annual Trade Number", Los Angeles Times, December 18, 1886, page 4 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
  103. ^ "Our Annual Edition", Los Angeles Times, December 21, 1888, page 4 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
  104. ^ "General Contents", Los Angeles Times, January 1, 1895 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
  105. ^ Quoted in "Highest Praise Given to 'Times'", Los Angeles Times, January 28, 1923, page II-12 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
  106. ^ Display advertisement, Los Angeles Times, December 13, 1947 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
  107. ^ "Bigger and Better Than Ever", page F-10 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
  108. ^ "'The Land and Its Fruits' — Our Harvest Number", Los Angeles Times, September 5, 1891, page 6 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
  109. ^ "Ready Tomorrow", Los Angeles Times, September 4, 1891, page 4 Access to this link requires the use of a library card.
  110. ^ The four pages of the debut March 25, 1903, issue of The Wireless were reproduced on page 11 of the March 27, 1903, Times.
  111. ^ "The Wireless Daily Achieved" by C. E. Howell, The Independent, October 15, 1903, pages 2436–2440.
  112. ^ "Wireless Newspaper, Avalon, Santa Catalina Island" (islapedia.com)
  113. ^ "Los Angeles Times website". Los Angeles Times. April 17, 2014. Archived from the original on August 26, 2009. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
  114. ^ "Los Angeles Times Community Newspapers Add New Title, Increase Coverage and Circulation with Sunday News-Press & Leader". Los Angeles Times. January 12, 2011. Los Angeles Times Community Newspapers (TCN) include the Huntington Beach Independent, Daily Pilot (Costa Mesa, Newport and Irvine) and Laguna Beach Coastline Pilot. TCN newspapers maintain separate editorial and business staffs from that of The Times, and focus exclusively on in-depth local coverage of their respective communities.
  115. ^ "The Pasadena Sun Publishes Last Issue". Editor & Publisher. July 1, 2013. Archived from the original on September 26, 2017. Retrieved July 16, 2017.
  116. ^ "A Note to Our Readers". April 17, 2020. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
  117. ^ "Publisher of La Cañada Outlook to revive Burbank Leader, Glendale News-Press and Valley Sun". April 30, 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2023.
  118. ^ Heller, Steven. "Go West, Young Art Director", Design Observer (Sept. 23, 2008).
  119. ^ "Los Angeles Times Festival of Books". Retrieved October 6, 2014.
  120. ^ Rebecca Buddingh (September 26, 2010). "L.A. Times fair comes to USC". Daily Trojan. University of Southern California. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
  121. ^ "Los Angeles Times Book Prizes home page". Retrieved October 6, 2014.
  122. ^ a b McDowell, Edwin (August 11, 1983). "Times Mirror is Selling New American Library". The New York Times. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
  123. ^ Korda, Michael (1999). Another life: a memoir of other people (1st ed.). New York: Random House. p. 103. ISBN 0679456597.
  124. ^ "Mosby Company History". Elsevier. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
  125. ^ Storch, Charles (June 27, 1986). "Times Mirror Selling Dallas Times Herald". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  126. ^ "Johnson family sells Austin TV." Broadcasting, September 4, 1972, pg. 6.
  127. ^ "Times Mirror's deal for Newhouse's TVs gets FCC approval." Broadcasting, March 31, 1980, pg. 30.
  128. ^ "Changing hands: Proposed." Broadcasting, September 30, 1985, pg. 109.
  129. ^ "Times Mirror set to sell four TV'." Archived June 9, 2015, at WebCite Broadcasting and Cable, March 22, 1993, pg. 7.
  130. ^ Ember, Sydney (2018). "Union Is Formed at Los Angeles Times and Publisher Put on Leave". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 20, 2018.
  131. ^ Lachtman, Howard (November 7, 1976). "Fantasy Fiction by Jack London". Los Angeles Times. p. 225. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
  132. ^ Lachtman, Howard (November 29, 1981). "West View". Los Angeles Times. p. 206. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
  133. ^ 1960 Winners, The Pulitzer Prizes
  134. ^ Dennis Mclellan (July 14, 2009). "Cecil Smith dies at 92; Times TV critic advocated literate, high-quality shows". Los Angeles Times.

Further reading

External links