Carol Heiss
| Carol Heiss Jenkins | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Carol Heiss in 1960 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | January 20, 1940 New York City, U.S. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Figure skating career | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Country |  United States | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Skating club | Skating Club of New York[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retired | 1960[2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Medal record
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Carol Elizabeth Heiss Jenkins (born January 20, 1940) is an American former figure skater and actress. Competing in ladies' singles, she became the 1960 Olympic champion, the 1956 Olympic silver medalist, and a five-time World champion (1956–1960).
Career
Competitive
Heiss, a daughter of German immigrants, started skating as a six-year-old in New York.[2][3] She was coached by Pierre Brunet. She first came to national prominence in 1951, when she won the U.S. novice ladies' title, at age 11. She won the U.S. junior ladies' title in 1952 and then moved up to the senior level in 1953. From 1953 to 1956, she finished second to Tenley Albright at the national championships. She competed with a slashed Achilles' tendon at the 1954 U.S. Championships.[4]
Heiss was named in the U.S. team to the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy. She won the silver medal, while Albright took the gold. However, at the following World Championships, in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, West Germany, Heiss defeated Albright for the title; it was the first of her five consecutive world titles.[5]
After the 1956 Winter Olympics, Heiss had offers to turn professional and skate in ice shows. But her mother, Marie Heiss, was quite ill with cancer at the time, and before her death in October 1956, she asked Carol to win a gold medal for her. Between 1957 and 1960, Heiss dominated women's figure skating like nobody since Sonja Henie. She was the World and U.S. Champion each year, and at the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California, Heiss captured the gold medal, being ranked first by all nine judges. She also took the Olympic Oath as representative of the organizing country to open the 1960 games.[6] By winning the 1960 World Championships held after the Olympics, Heiss became one of three women to have won five consecutive World Championships. She then retired from competitive skating.[1][2]
In 1953, Heiss became the first female skater to land a double Axel jump. One of her trademarks was performing a series of alternating clockwise and counterclockwise single Axels.[7] She normally rotated her jumps clockwise and spins counterclockwise; it is much more common for skaters to do both in the same direction (usually counterclockwise).
Heiss was inducted into the World Figure Skating Hall of Fame and the United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame.[2]
Post-competitive
Heiss played the female lead in the 1961 film Snow White and the Three Stooges. In the late 1970s, she began coaching several skaters in Lakewood, Ohio. Her former students include Timothy Goebel, Tonia Kwiatkowski and Miki Ando.[2]
Personal life
Carol Heiss was born on January 20, 1940, in New York City, and grew up in Ozone Park, Queens.[1][2][3] Her younger sister and brother, Nancy Heiss and Bruce Heiss, were also elite figure skating competitors. During the 1950s, the three skating Heiss siblings were featured in publications such as Life magazine.[8]
During her run of world titles, Heiss attended New York University, graduating after the 1960 Winter Olympics.[9] In 1961, she married American figure skater Hayes Alan Jenkins, who had won the 1956 Olympic gold medal.[1] They have three children together.[10]
Results
| International | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Event | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 | 1957 | 1958 | 1959 | 1960 |
| Winter Olympics | 2nd | 1st | ||||||
| World Championships | 4th | 2nd | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | |
| North American Champ. | 2nd | 2nd | 1st | 1st | ||||
| National | ||||||||
| U.S. Championships | 2nd | 2nd | 2nd | 2nd | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st |
References
- ^ a b c d Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Carol Heiss". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on August 8, 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f "Carol Heiss Jenkins". usolympicteam.com. Archived from the original on May 28, 2006.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ a b "Carol Heiss Gains 3d World Crown in Figure Skating; Ozone Park Girl Adds to Her Compulsory Phase Lead in Free-Style Exhibition". The New York Times. February 16, 1958. Retrieved November 11, 2007.
Carol Heiss of Ozone Park, Queens, Miss Personality of the ice, skated off with her third world figure skating championship tonight with a perfectly-executed freestyle exhibition.
- ^ Elliott, Helene (January 7, 2002). "In Long Run, Little Things Remain". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 18, 2017. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
- ^ Hines, James R. (2006). Figure Skating: A History. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. p. xxv. ISBN 0-252-07286-3.
- ^ File:Carol Heiss 1960 oath.jpg
- ^ The United States Championships, Skating magazine, March 1960
- ^ "Heiss sibling photos". life.com. Archived from the original on March 12, 2021.
- ^ Hughes, Sarah (May 8, 2012). "Hughes blog: Gracious Heiss goes into NYU hall". IceNetwork.com. Archived from the original on May 8, 2012.
- ^ Reinhard, Katherine (January 8, 1998). "Heiss Jenkins Is Going For More Gold In 2002 * 1960 Olympic Titlist Hopes A Student Finishes First In Salt Lake City". The Morning Call. Archived from the original on August 8, 2017.
External links
- Carol Heiss at the Team USA Hall of Fame (archive July 20, 2023)
- Carol Heiss at Olympics.com
- Carol Heiss at Olympic.org (archived)
- Carol Heiss at Olympedia (archive)
- Carol Heiss at IMDb
- Past U.S. Champions – Senior (xcelenergycenter.com) at the Wayback Machine (archived February 9, 2012)
- IOC 1960 Winter Olympics (olympic.org) at the Wayback Machine (archived February 7, 2002)
- Athlete Profile – Carol Heiss (olympic.org) at the Wayback Machine (archived March 11, 2003)
- Interview of Carol Heiss Jenkins conducted by Dan Coughlin at Cleveland Public Library on January 29, 2015. (audio only)
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