Outline of Mandaeism

Part of a series on
Mandaeism
Prophets Adam Seth Noah Shem John the Baptist
Names for adherents Mandaeans Sabians Nasoraeans Gnostics
Scriptures Ginza Rabba Right Ginza Left Ginza Mandaean Book of John Qolasta Niana Haran Gawaita The Wedding of the Great Shishlam The Baptism of Hibil Ziwa Diwan Abatur The Thousand and Twelve Questions Scroll of Exalted Kingship The Coronation of the Great Shishlam Alma Rišaia Rba Alma Rišaia Zuṭa Zihrun Raza Kasia Scroll of the Parwanaya Book of the Zodiac Dmut Kušṭa Scroll of the Rivers Secrets of the Ancestors Scroll of the Ancestors
Priests Rishama Ganzibra Tarmida Shganda
Individual leaders Miriai Shlama beth Qidra Zazai of Gawazta Anush Bar Danqa Yahya Bihram Dakhil Aidan Jabbar Choheili Sattar Jabbar Hilo Najah Choheili Salah Choheili
Rituals Masbuta Masiqta Tamasha Rishama Kushta Qabin Misha
Ritual food and drink Mambuha Halalta Hamra Pihta Fatira Zidqa brika Lofani Sa Dukrana
Practices Belief in Oneness of God Daily prayer Baptism Fasting Almsgiving
Objects and symbols Drabsha Rasta Burzinqa Pandama Klila Taga Riha Skandola
Cosmology Hayyi Rabbi World of Light Mana Manda Uthra Manda d-Hayyi Yushamin Abatur Ptahil Hibil Shitil Anush Sam Ziwa Bihram Rabba Adathan Yadathan Shilmai Nidbai Yawar Ziwa Simat Hayyi Yufin-Yufafin Nsab Nbat Gubran Shihlun Urfeil Marfeil Saureil Zihrun Etinsib Ziwa Piriawis Tarwan Yura Yurba Yukashar Ziwa Shahrat Malwasha Nishimta Dinanukht Shishlam Ezlat škina Dmuta Mshunia Kushta Adam kasia Adam pagria Shatrin Laufa Hitfun Tibil World of Darkness Sea of Suf Siniawis Matarta Ruha Ur Krun Gaf Qin Zahreil Anathan Giu Shdum Zartai-Zartanai Hag Mag
Festivals Parwanaya Dehwa Rabba Dehwa d-Shishlam Rabba Dehwa Daimana Dehwa Hanina Abu al-Haris (Ashoriya) Ead Fel
Places Yardena Beth Manda Shkinta Andiruna
Prayers Asiet Malkia Rushma Rahma Tabahatan Shumhata Bshuma
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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Mandaeism.

People

• Mandaeans

Mandaean diaspora

• Mandaean Americans
• Mandaean Australians
• Mandaeans in Sweden

Historical identities

• Essenes
• Gnostics
• Sabians
• Nasoraeans

Related groups

• Kentaeans
• Elcesaites
• Ebionites
• Borborites
• Euchites
• Quqites
• Archontics
• Bana'im
• Hemerobaptists
• Maghāriya

Names

• Mandaean name
• Family names
  • Choheili
  • Khaffagi
  • Manduia

Mandaean priests

• Mandaean priest
  • List of Mandaean priests
• Titles and rankings
  • Rishama (patriarch)
  • Ganzibra (senior priest)
  • Tarmida (junior priest)
• Assistant roles
  • Shganda (priestly assistant; acolyte)
• Institutions
  • Mandaean Council of Ahvaz

Individual priests

• First millennium CE
  • Shlama beth Qidra
  • Zazai of Gawazta
  • Anush bar Danqa
• 19th century
  • Yahya Bihram
  • Ram Zihrun
  • Bibia Mudalal
• 20th century
  • Abdullah Khaffagi
  • Negm bar Zahroon
  • Abdullah bar Negm
  • Abdullah bar Sam
  • Dakhil Aidan
  • Jabbar Choheili
• Living people
  • Salah Choheili
  • Najah Choheili
  • Taleb Doraji
  • Khaldoon Majid Abdullah
  • Sattar Jabbar Hilo
  • Yuhana Nashmi
  • Brikha Nasoraia
  • Rafid al-Sabti

Notable Mandaeans (non-priests)

• Nasser Sobbi
• Dakhil Shooshtary
• Lamia Abbas Amara
• Abdul Jabbar Abdullah
• Sinan Abdullah
• Zahroun Amara
• Salem Choheili

Literature

• List of Mandaic manuscripts

Main texts

• Ginza Rabba
  • Right Ginza
  • Left Ginza
  • Huntington MS 6
• Mandaean Book of John

Prayers

• Qolasta (prayerbook)
  • Codex Marshall 691
  • Niana
  • Rushma
  • Asiet Malkia
  • Rahma
  • Tabahatan
  • Shumhata

Ritual texts

• The Wedding of the Great Shishlam
• Scroll of the Parwanaya
• Scroll of the Great Baptism
• Scroll of the Ancestors
• Zihrun Raza Kasia

Esoteric texts

• The Thousand and Twelve Questions
• Scroll of Exalted Kingship
• The Coronation of the Great Shishlam
• Alma Rišaia Rba
• Alma Rišaia Zuṭa
• The Baptism of Hibil Ziwa
• Scroll of Abatur
• Dmut Kušṭa
• Secrets of the Ancestors
• Scroll of the Rivers
• Book of the Zodiac

Historical texts

• Haran Gawaita

Apotropaic texts

• Incantation bowls
• Lead rolls

Cosmology

• Mandaean cosmology

Intermediary realms

• Tibil (Earth)
  • Yardna (river)
• Matarta (purgatory)
• Hitfun (a dividing river)
• Shahrat (a light-ship)
• Shatrin (a tree in limbo)

World of Light

• World of Light
  • Hayyi Rabbi (Supreme Deity)
  • Shkina (celestial dwelling)
  • Piriawis (celestial river)
  • Anana (cloud)
  • Gufna (vine)
  • Ziwa (radiance)
  • Mshunia Kushta (heavenly world of ideal counterparts)
  • Tarwan (a "pure land")
  • Yasana (a heavenly gate)

Uthras

• Uthra (angelic or celestial being)
  • Yushamin (Second Life)
  • Abatur (Third Life)
  • Ptahil (Fourth Life)
  • Hibil (Abel)
  • Shitil (Seth)
  • Anush (Enosh)
  • Sam Ziwa (Shem)
  • Manda d-Hayyi ("Gnosis of Life")
  • Shilmai
  • Nidbai
  • Adathan and Yadathan
  • Yufin-Yufafin
  • Urfeil and Marfeil
  • Tar and Tarwan
  • Bihram
  • Zihrun
  • Etinsib Ziwa
  • Nbat
  • Nsab
  • Gubran
  • Shihlun
  • Yura
  • Yurba
  • Yukabar
  • Yukashar
  • Yawar Ziwa
  • Simat Hayyi ("Treasure of Life")
  • Saureil

World of Darkness

• World of Darkness
  • Sea of Suf (a dividing sea)
  • Siniawis (a river)
  • Jesus in Mandaeism (Mshiha)

Demons

• Demons in Mandaeism
  • Ruha ("Spirit")
  • Ur (Leviathan)
  • Krun
  • Gaf
  • Qin
  • Anathan
  • Shdum
  • Giu
  • Hag and Mag
  • Zartai-Zartanai
  • Zahreil
• Planets (part of the entourage of Ruha)
  • Shamish (Sun)
  • Libat (Venus)
  • Nbu (Mercury)
  • Sin (Moon)
  • Kiwan (Saturn)
  • Bil (Jupiter)
  • Nirig (Mars)

Important figures

• Adam
• Seth
• Abel
• Enosh
• Noah
• Shem
• Miriai
• Elizabeth
• John the Baptist
• Legendary and prototypical figures
  • Dinanukht
  • Shishlam
  • Ezlat

Concepts

• Kushta (truth)
• Manda (gnosis)
• Laufa (communion)
• Dmuta (image)
• Nishimta (soul)
• Ruha (spirit)
• Mana (mind)
• Adam Kasia (hidden Adam)
• Adam Pagria (bodily Adam)

Objects and symbols

• Drabsha (banner)
• Misha (oil)
• Riha (incense)
• Skandola (talisman seal)

Ritual food and drink

Sacramental drinks

• Mambuha (drinking wateṛ)
• Halalta (rinsing water)
• Hamra (macerated grape juice)

Sacramental foods

• Pihta (flatbread, may be salted on unsalted)
• Fatira (unsalted half-baked biscuit)
• Sa (rolled up flatbread with nuts and raisins)

Sacramental meals

• Dukrana
• Lofani
• Zidqa brika

Clothing

• Rasta (robe)
• Burzinqa (turban)
• Pandama (mouth-veil)
• Himiana (girdle)
• Margna (staff)
• Klila (wreath)
• Taga (crown)

Rituals and practices

• Masbuta (baptism)
• Tamasha (triple ablution)
• Rishama (minor ablution)
• Masiqta (death mass)
• Qabin (wedding)
• Brakha (prayer)
• Bshuma (formula)
• Sauma (fasting)
• Zidqa (almsgiving)
• Naming

Buildings and structures

• Mandi
  • Sabian–Mandaean Mandi of Baghdad, Iraq
  • Ganzibra Dakhil Mandi, Australia
  • Yahya Yuhana Mandi, Australia
• Shkinta
• Andiruna

Calendar

• Mandaean calendar

Feasts

• Dehwa Rabba (New Year)
• Feast of the Great Shishlam ("Little New Year")
• Dehwa Hanina ("Little Feast")
• Abu al-Haris (commemoration of Noah's flood)
• Parwanaya (5-day intercalary feast)
• Dehwa Daimana (birthday of John the Baptist)

Months

• Daula
• Nuna
• ʿmbra
• Taura
• Ṣilmia
• Sarṭana
• Aria
• Šumbulta
• Qaina
• Arqba
• Hiṭia
• Gadia

Epochs

1. Adam and Eve
2. Ram and Rud
3. Shurbai and Sharhabeil
4. Noah and Nuraita

Language

• Mandaic language
• Neo-Mandaic
• Mandaic alphabet
• Mandaic (Unicode block)

Academic research

• Mandaean studies
• Related disciplines
  • Aramaic studies
  • Semitic studies
  • Middle Eastern studies
  • Oriental studies
  • Syriac studies
  • Assyriology
  • Iranian studies
  • Religious studies

Publications

• ARAM Periodical (academic journal)

Scholars of Mandaeism

17th century

• Ignatius of Jesus

19th century

• Julius Euting
• Jacques de Morgan
• Theodor Nöldeke
• Matthias Norberg
• Julius Heinrich Petermann
• Nicolas Siouffi
• John George Taylor

20th century

• E. S. Drower
• Mark Lidzbarski
• Rudolf Macúch
• Richard August Reitzenstein
• Kurt Rudolph
• Eric Segelberg
• Edwin M. Yamauchi

21st century

• Jorunn Jacobsen Buckley
• Bogdan Burtea
• Carlos Gelbert
• Charles G. Häberl
• Edmondo Lupieri
• James F. McGrath
• Matthew Morgenstern
• Brikha Nasoraia
• Rafid al-Sabti

External links