1981 in spaceflight
Appearance
![]() | This timeline of spaceflight may require cleanup to ensure consistency with other timeline of spaceflight articles. See Wikipedia:WikiProject Spaceflight/Timeline of spaceflight working group for guidelines on how to improve the article. Details |
![]() The launch of STS-1, the maiden flight of the Space Shuttle | |
Orbital launches | |
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First | 6 January |
Last | 23 December |
Total | 126 |
Successes | 119 |
Failures | 6 |
Partial failures | 1 |
Catalogued | 123 |
National firsts | |
Satellite | ![]() |
Space traveller | ![]() ![]() |
Rockets | |
Maiden flights | N-II Space Shuttle Columbia |
Retirements | Feng Bao 1 |
Crewed flights | |
Orbital | 5 |
Total travellers | 10 |
The following is an outline of 1981 in spaceflight.
STS-1
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STS-1 (Space Transportation System-1) was the first orbital spaceflight of NASA's Space Shuttle program. The first orbiter, Columbia, launched on April 12, 1981,[1] and returned on April 14, 1981, 54.5 hours later, having orbited the Earth 37 times. Columbia carried a crew of two—commander John W. Young and pilot Robert L. Crippen. It was the first American crewed space flight since the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) in 1975. STS-1 was also the maiden test flight of a new American spacecraft to carry a crew, though it was preceded by atmospheric testing (ALT) of the orbiter and ground testing of the Space Shuttle system.
The launch occurred on the 20th anniversary of Vostok 1, the first human spaceflight, performed by Yuri Gagarin for the USSR. This was a coincidence rather than a celebration of the anniversary; a technical problem had prevented STS-1 from launching two days earlier, as was planned.Launches
Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
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Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
January | |||||||
6 January 12:15 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 20 January | Successful | |||
Film capsule recovered | |||||||
9 January 14:57 |
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Molniya | Communications | 3 July 1999 | Successful | |||
10 January 18:22 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 10 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 198 kilometres (123 mi) | |||||||
14 January 22:00 |
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NASDA | Suborbital | Test flight | 14 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 320 kilometres (200 mi) | |||||||
16 January 09:00 |
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | In orbit | Successful | |||
16 January 12:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 28 January | Successful | |||
Film capsule recovered | |||||||
19 January 03:37:27 |
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NRC | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 19 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 263 kilometres (163 mi) | |||||||
20 January 04:50 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 20 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 209 kilometres (130 mi) | |||||||
20 January 11:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 17 February | Successful | |||
Returned three film capsules; two small and one large | |||||||
21 January 00:25 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 21 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 209 kilometres (130 mi) | |||||||
21 January 08:29 |
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Low Earth | ASAT Target | In orbit | Successful | |||
Target for Kosmos 1243 and Kosmos 1258; both interceptors failed | |||||||
21 January 21:46 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 21 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 174 kilometres (108 mi) | |||||||
23 January 11:20 |
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Intended: Low Earth | Geodesy | 23 January | Launch failure | |||
Payload fairing failed to separate | |||||||
24 January 14:18:02 |
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Low Earth (Salyut 6) | Station logistics | 20 March | Successful | |||
Final resupply mission to Salyut 6 | |||||||
26 January 07:20:06 |
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NRC | Suborbital | Auroral research | 26 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 584 kilometres (363 mi) | |||||||
27 January 14:58 |
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Low Earth | ELINT | 8 May 2014 | Successful | |||
27 January | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 27 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi), carried five reentry vehicles | |||||||
29 January 04:12 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Auroral research | 29 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 189 kilometres (117 mi) | |||||||
29 January 07:00 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Ionospheric research Technology |
29 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 323 kilometres (201 mi) | |||||||
30 January 16:27 |
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Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
February | |||||||
2 February 02:19 |
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Low Earth | ASAT test | 2 February | Spacecraft failure | |||
Failed to intercept Kosmos 1241; passed within 50 metres (160 ft) of target but explosive charge failed to detonate | |||||||
4 February 01:10 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Technology | 4 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 387 kilometres (240 mi) | |||||||
4 February 05:00 |
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ISRO | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 4 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
4 February 15:00 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 4 February | |||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
4 February 15:33 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 4 February | |||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
4 February 15:53 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 4 February | |||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
5 February 11:25 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Auroral research | 5 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 130 kilometres (81 mi) | |||||||
6 February 08:00 |
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Interkosmos | Low Earth | Technology | 7 July 1982 | Successful | ||
Ceased operations on 2 June 1982 | |||||||
7 February 20:13:45 |
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SRC | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 7 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 171 kilometres (106 mi) | |||||||
7 February 20:30:40 |
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SSC | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 7 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 145 kilometres (90 mi) | |||||||
9 February 14:31 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 9 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
9 February 16:38 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 9 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
11 February 08:30 |
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NASDA | Geostationary transfer | Technology | In orbit | Successful | ||
Maiden flight of N-II; satellite ceased operations on 24 December 1984 | |||||||
12 February 05:27 |
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ISRO | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 12 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 158 kilometres (98 mi) | |||||||
12 February 18:21 |
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Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
13 February 11:15 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 27 February | Successful | |||
Film capsule recovered | |||||||
13 February 17:15 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Solar research | 13 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 265 kilometres (165 mi) | |||||||
17 February 17:15 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 17 February | |||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
17 February 17:51 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 17 February | |||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
17 February 19:17 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 17 February | |||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
18 February 09:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 13 March | Successful | |||
18 February | ![]() ![]() |
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INTA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 18 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 285 kilometres (177 mi) | |||||||
18 February | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | REV test | 18 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
19 February 10:00 |
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Molniya | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful | |||
21 February 00:30 |
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ISAS | Low Earth | Astronomy | 11 July 1991 | Successful | ||
21 February 23:23 |
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COMSAT SSC Parallax TongaSat |
Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
Transferred to SSC Parallax as Parallax 1 in 2001, to TongaSat as Esiafi 1 in 2002. | |||||||
21 February | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 21 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
25 February 17:20 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 25 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 400 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
28 February 19:10 |
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NRO | Sun-synchronous | Optical imaging | 20 June | Successful | ||
March | |||||||
1 March 09:20 |
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OTRAG | Suborbital | Test flight | 1 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
5 March 15:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 4 April | Successful | |||
Returned three film capsules; two small and one large | |||||||
5 March 16:48 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 5 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 400 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
5 March 18:09 |
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Low Earth | Radar imaging | 19 July | Successful | |||
6 March 11:31 |
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
7 March 08:09 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Auroral research | 7 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 156 kilometres (97 mi) | |||||||
7 March 08:09 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Aeronomy Auroral research |
7 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 203 kilometres (126 mi) | |||||||
7 March 08:26 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Auroral research | 7 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 169 kilometres (105 mi) | |||||||
7 March 08:38 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Auroral research | 7 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 187 kilometres (116 mi) | |||||||
8 March 16:00 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 8 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
12 March 04:30 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 12 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 400 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
12 March 19:00:11 |
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Low Earth (Salyut 6) | Salyut 6 expedition | 26 May 12:37:34 |
Successful | |||
Crewed flight with two cosmonauts, last long-duration crew of Salyut 6 | |||||||
13 March 16:00 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 13 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
14 March 16:55 |
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Low Earth | ASAT test | 14 March | Spacecraft failure | |||
Failed to intercept Kosmos 1241 | |||||||
15 March | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | REV test | 15 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
16 March 19:24:00 |
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US Air Force | Geostationary | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful | ||
Operated until 1992 | |||||||
17 March 08:40 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 31 March | Successful | |||
Film capsule recovered | |||||||
18 March 04:40 |
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Geosynchronous | Communications | |||||
20 March 23:45 |
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Low Earth | ELINT | 22 May 1982 | Successful | |||
22 March 14:58:55 |
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Low Earth (Salyut 6) | Salyut 6 visit | 30 March 11:40:58 |
Successful | |||
Crewed flight with two cosmonauts, carried first Mongolian in space | |||||||
24 March 03:00 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 24 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 261 kilometres (162 mi) | |||||||
24 March 03:31 |
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Molniya | Communications | 19 October 1992 | Successful | |||
25 March 08:05:16 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma research | 25 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
28 March 01:54:06 |
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NRC | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 28 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 327 kilometres (203 mi) | |||||||
28 March 01:54 |
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NRC | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 28 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
28 March 09:30 |
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Intended: Low Earth | Optical imaging | 28 March | Launch failure | |||
Failed to orbit | |||||||
30 March 05:52:55 |
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DNA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 30 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
31 March 09:40 |
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Molniya | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful | |||
April | |||||||
1 April 09:04:35 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma research | 1 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
1 April 09:10 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 1 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
1 April | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 1 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
1 April | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 1 April | Launch failure | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
2 April 09:48 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma research | 2 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 220 kilometres (140 mi) | |||||||
3 April 06:20:55 |
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DNA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 3 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
3 April 09:51 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma research | 3 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 210 kilometres (130 mi) | |||||||
4 April | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | REV test | 4 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
7 April 10:51 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 21 April | Successful | |||
Film capsule recovered | |||||||
7 April 14:00 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 7 April | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
7 April 14:19 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 7 April | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
7 April 14:40 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 7 April | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
9 April 12:00 |
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | In orbit | Successful | |||
12 April 12:00:04 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Test flight | 14 April | Successful | ||
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NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Flight recorder | Successful | |||
Maiden flight of the Space Shuttle, carried two astronauts | |||||||
15 April 10:30 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 29 April | Successful | |||
Film capsule recovered | |||||||
16 April 11:30 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 28 April | Successful | |||
Film capsule recovered | |||||||
18 April | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 18 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
21 April 03:45 |
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Low Earth | Radar imaging | 20 May | ||||
Nuclear powered; reactor ejected and remains in orbit | |||||||
22 April | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 22 April | Launch failure | ||
Failed to reach space; apogee: 30 kilometres (19 mi) | |||||||
24 April 21:32 |
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NRO | Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
25 April 02:01 |
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Low Earth (Salyut 6) | Technology | 29 July 1982 | Successful | |||
Technology demonstration for modular space stations; permanently docked to Salyut 6 and used to deorbit station; return capsule separated prior to docking and recovered on 24 May 1981 | |||||||
27 April 23:15 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 27 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 263 kilometres (163 mi) | |||||||
28 April 09:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 12 May | Successful | |||
Film capsule recovered | |||||||
30 April 06:00 |
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DFVLR | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 30 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 253 kilometres (157 mi) | |||||||
April | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | |||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi), launched as part of the Iran–Iraq War | |||||||
April | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi), launched as part of the Iran–Iraq War | |||||||
April | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi), launched as part of the Iran–Iraq War | |||||||
April | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi), launched as part of the Iran–Iraq War | |||||||
April | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi), launched as part of the Iran–Iraq War | |||||||
May | |||||||
4 May 07:55 |
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NASA | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy | 4 May | Successful | ||
Apogee: 294 kilometres (183 mi) | |||||||
6 May 08:00 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 6 May | Successful | ||
Apogee: 322 kilometres (200 mi) | |||||||
7 May 13:21 |
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
8 May 05:27 |
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DFVLR | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 8 May | Successful | ||
Apogee: 258 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
14 May 17:16:38 |
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Low Earth | Salyut 6 visit | 22 May 13:58:30 |
Successful | |||
Crewed mission with two cosmonauts, carried first Romanian in space. Final crewed flight to Salyut 6, final flight of Soyuz 7K-T spacecraft | |||||||
14 May 21:45 |
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Low Earth | Weather | In orbit | Successful | |||
15 May 06:07:17 |
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US Navy | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
18 May 11:50 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 17 June | Successful | |||
19 May 03:49 |
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Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | |||
21 May 09:10 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 4 June | Successful | |||
22 May 07:10 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 4 June | Successful | |||
22 May 22:29 |
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NOAA | Geostationary | Weather | In orbit | Partial spacecraft failure | ||
Primary instrument failed in 1984, satellite remained partially operable until decommissioned on 18 July 1990 | |||||||
23 May 22:42 |
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Intelsat | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
27 May 04:25 |
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JHU | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 27 May | Successful | ||
Apogee: 225 kilometres (140 mi) | |||||||
31 May 05:00 |
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ISRO | Low Earth | Technology | 8 June | Launch failure | ||
Reached lower-than-planned orbit and quickly decayed | |||||||
May | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
May | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
May | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
May | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
June | |||||||
3 June 14:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 3 July | Successful | |||
3 June | ![]() |
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DGA | Suborbital | Test flight | 3 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
4 June 15:41 |
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Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
9 June 03:33 |
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Molniya | Communications | 10 February 1998 | Successful | |||
12 June | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 12 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
12 June | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Technology | 12 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: 303 kilometres (188 mi) | |||||||
16 June 07:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 29 June | Successful | |||
17 June 09:30 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 1 July | Successful | |||
19 June 01:15 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 19 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
19 June 01:15 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 19 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
19 June 01:16 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 19 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
19 June 01:16 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 19 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
19 June 12:32:59 |
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EUMETSAT | Geosynchronous | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
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ISRO | Geosynchronous | Communications Technology |
In orbit | Successful | ||
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European Space Agency | Geosynchronous transfer | Vehicle monitoring | In orbit | Successful | ||
19 June 19:37:04 |
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Molniya | Missile defence | 2 September 2000 | Successful | |||
23 June 10:52:59 |
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NOAA | Sun-synchronous | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
24 June 17:47 |
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Molniya | Communications | 14 December 1991 | Successful | |||
25 June 23:55 |
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Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
26 June | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 26 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
June | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
June | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
June | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
June | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
June | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
June | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
June | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
July | |||||||
1 July 09:30 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 15 July | Successful | |||
2 July 07:10 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 16 July | Successful | |||
7 July 12:30 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 21 July | Successful | |||
10 July 05:14 |
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Sun-synchronous | Weather | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Sun-synchronous | Microgravity research | 16 April 1990 | Successful | |||
11 July 14:48 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 11 July | Successful | ||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
11 July 14:48 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 11 July | Successful | ||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
11 July 14:49 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 11 July | Successful | ||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
11 July 14:49 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 11 July | Successful | ||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
15 July 13:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 14 August | Successful | |||
17 July 08:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 31 July | Successful | |||
29 July 11:55 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 12 August | Successful | |||
30 July 21:38 |
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Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
Operated until May 1986 | |||||||
31 July 10:50 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Infrared astronomy | 31 July | Successful | ||
Apogee: 395 kilometres (245 mi) | |||||||
July | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
July | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
July | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
August | |||||||
1 August 22:00 |
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NASDA | Suborbital | Test flight | 1 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 320 kilometres (200 mi) | |||||||
3 August 09:56 |
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NASA | Highly elliptical | Magnetospheric | In orbit | Partial launch failure | ||
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NASA | Low Earth | Magnetospheric | 19 February 1983 | Partial launch failure | ||
Both payloads deployed into low Earth orbit, with DE-1 raising itself into its operational orbit. Premature first-stage cutoff resulted in slightly lower orbit than had been planned, spacecraft were able to compensate and complete their missions. | |||||||
4 August 00:13 |
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Molniya | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful | |||
4 August 08:28 |
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Low Earth | ELINT | 16 October 1982 | Successful | |||
6 August 08:16:00 |
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US Navy | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Launch failure | ||
Payload fairing collapsed during ascent, resulting in damage which left satellite unusable after arrival in geosynchronous orbit | |||||||
6 August 11:49 |
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
7 August 13:35 |
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IKIT | Low Earth | Operational | In orbit | Successful | ||
First Bulgarian satellite, launched as part of the Interkosmos programme | |||||||
9 August | ![]() |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma research | 9 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 160 kilometres (99 mi) | |||||||
10 August 20:03 |
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JMA | Geostationary | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
Operated until February 1988 | |||||||
12 August 05:46 |
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Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
13 August 02:26 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 13 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
13 August 02:46 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 13 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
13 August 03:32 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 13 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
13 August 03:32 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 13 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
13 August 16:20 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 13 September | Successful | |||
14 August 07:43 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Test flight | 14 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 625 kilometres (388 mi) | |||||||
18 August 09:30 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 30 August | Successful | |||
18 August | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 18 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
21 August 10:20 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 2 October | Successful | |||
22 August 01:00 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 22 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
24 August 12:00 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Aeronomy Auroal research |
24 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 187 kilometres (116 mi) | |||||||
24 August 16:37 |
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Low Earth | Radar imaging | 27 September | ||||
Nuclear-powered satellite, reactor ejected at end of mission and remains in orbit | |||||||
24 August 21:40 |
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Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | |||
25 August | ![]() |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 25 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
27 August 10:30 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 10 September | Successful | |||
28 August 00:03 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 28 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
28 August 00:04 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 28 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
28 August 00:04 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 28 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
28 August 00:04 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 28 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
28 August 02:40 |
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Suborbital | Solar research | 28 August | Successful | |||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
28 August 16:18 |
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
August | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
August | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
August | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
August | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Aeronomy | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
September | |||||||
3 September 18:29 |
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NRO | Sun-synchronous | Optical imaging | 23 November 1984 | Successful | ||
4 September 08:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 18 September | Successful | |||
4 September 11:06 |
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Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
5 September 01:00 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Technology | 5 September | Successful | ||
Apogee: 224 kilometres (139 mi), payload recovered | |||||||
7 September 09:38 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 7 September | Successful | ||
Apogee: 193 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
8 September | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 8 September | Launch failure | ||
11 September 08:43 |
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Intended: Molniya Achieved: Medium Earth |
Communications | In orbit | Launch failure | |||
Placed into unusable, lower-than-planned, orbit due to upper stage malfunction | |||||||
12 September | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | REV test | 12 September | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
14 September 20:31 |
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Low Earth | ELINT | 12 July 1982 | Successful | |||
15 September 11:30 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 29 September | Successful | |||
18 September 03:34 |
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Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
18 September 09:30 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 1 October | Successful | |||
18 September 17:59:58 |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Plasma research | 18 September | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,514 kilometres (941 mi) | |||||||
19 September 21:28:40 |
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Low Earth | Technology | 17 August 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Technology | 6 October 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Technology | 26 September | Successful | |||
Final flight of the Feng Bao 1 | |||||||
21 September 13:10 |
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Low Earth | Magnetospheric research | In orbit | Successful | |||
22 September 16:15 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 22 September | Successful | ||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
22 September 16:48 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 22 September | Successful | ||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
23 September 08:00 |
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 3 April 1989 | Successful | |||
24 September 23:09 |
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SBS | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
Operated until September 1996 | |||||||
28 September 21:00 |
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 28 August 1983 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 27 February 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 26 February 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 5 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 5 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 17 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 16 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 22 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 23 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 24 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 18 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 17 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 17 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 16 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 31 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 31 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 31 December 1982 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 28 February 1983 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 28 February 1983 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 28 February 1983 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 28 February 1983 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 28 February 1983 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 28 February 1983 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 28 February 1983 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Radar calibration | 28 February 1983 | Successful | |||
29 September | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 29 September | Successful | ||
Maiden flight of Topol missile, apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
29 September | ![]() |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 29 September | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
29 September | ![]() |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 29 September | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
30 September 08:00 |
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Low Earth | Geodesy | In orbit | Successful | |||
30 September 23:20:00 |
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SSC | Suborbital | Infrared astronomy | 30 September | Successful | ||
Apogee: 270 kilometres (170 mi) | |||||||
30 September | ![]() |
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NASA | Suborbital | Solar research | 30 September | Successful | ||
Apogee: 243 kilometres (151 mi) | |||||||
October | |||||||
1 October 09:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 15 October | Successful | |||
4 October | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | REV test | 4 October | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
6 October 11:27 |
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NASA | Sun-synchronous | Atmospheric research | 5 March 1991 | Successful | ||
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Surrey | Sun-synchronous | Technology Amateur radio |
13 October 1989 | Successful | ||
9 October 10:40 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 22 October | Successful | |||
9 October 16:59 |
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Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
13 October 23:01 |
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Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | |||
13 October | ![]() |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 13 October | Successful | ||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
13 October | ![]() |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 13 October | Successful | ||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
14 October 05:47 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma research | 14 October | Successful | ||
Apogee: 197 kilometres (122 mi) | |||||||
15 October 09:15 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 29 October | Successful | |||
16 October | ![]() |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 16 October | Successful | ||
Apogee: 270 kilometres (170 mi) | |||||||
17 October 05:59 |
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Molniya | Communications | 9 January 1997 | Successful | |||
17 October | ![]() |
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NASA | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy | 17 October | Successful | ||
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
21 October | ![]() |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 21 October | Successful | ||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
21 October | ![]() |
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US Army | Suborbital | Test flight | 21 October | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 180 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
25 October 19:01:00 |
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NDRE | Suborbital | Auroral research | 25 October | Successful | ||
Apogee: 184 kilometres (114 mi) | |||||||
30 October 06:04 |
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Heliocentric | Venus lander | 1 March 1982 03:20 |
Successful | |||
31 October 09:22:00 |
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![]() |
NRO | High Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
31 October 22:54 |
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Molniya | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful | |||
November | |||||||
3 November 13:00 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 4 December | Successful | |||
4 November 05:31 |
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![]() |
Heliocentric | Venus lander | 5 March 1982 | Partial spacecraft failure | |||
Surface sampler failed due to ejection of camera lens cap into its path | |||||||
7 November 12:03:40 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Auroral research | 7 November | Successful | ||
Apogee: 130 kilometres (81 mi) | |||||||
9 November | ![]() |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 9 November | Successful | ||
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
12 November 15:10:00 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Test flight | 14 November | Partial spacecraft failure | ||
![]() |
NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Vehicle monitoring | Unknown | Successful | ||
![]() |
Low Earth (Columbia) | Remote sensing | Successful | ||||
![]() |
Low Earth (Columbia) | Technology | Successful | ||||
Crewed flight with two astronauts, first spacecraft to make two orbital flights. Mission truncated due to fuel cell failure | |||||||
13 November 09:30 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 27 November | Successful | |||
15 November 17:50 |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 15 November | Launch failure | ||
Apogee: 20 kilometres (12 mi), failed to reach space | |||||||
17 November 15:25 |
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Molniya | Communications | 2 November 1993 | Successful | |||
17 November | ![]() |
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NASA | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy | 17 November | Successful | ||
Apogee: 253 kilometres (157 mi) | |||||||
17 November | ![]() |
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NASA | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy | 17 November | Successful | ||
Apogee: 253 kilometres (157 mi) | |||||||
20 November 01:37 |
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RCA Satcom | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
Decommissioned on 10 April 1991 | |||||||
20 November 08:30 |
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ISRO | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 30 November 1991 | Successful | ||
23 November 18:35 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Solar research | 23 November | Successful | ||
Apogee: 322 kilometres (200 mi) | |||||||
24 November | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 24 November | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
27 November | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 27 November | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
28 November 18:08 |
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
November | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
November | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
December | |||||||
1 December 01:38 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma research | 1 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 612 kilometres (380 mi) | |||||||
1 December 15:50:00 |
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SRC | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 1 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 187 kilometres (116 mi) | |||||||
3 December 11:47 |
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Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | |||
4 December 09:50 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 18 December | Successful | |||
6 December 23:14:58 |
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NRC | Suborbital | Auroral research | 6 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 615 kilometres (382 mi) | |||||||
7 December 00:00:40 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma research | 7 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 451 kilometres (280 mi) | |||||||
7 December | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Test flight | 7 December | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
8 December | ![]() |
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NASA | Suborbital | Magnetospheric research | 8 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
9 December 17:17:00 |
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SRC | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 9 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 188 kilometres (117 mi) | |||||||
9 December 21:25:35 |
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DFVLR | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 9 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 237 kilometres (147 mi) | |||||||
9 December | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 9 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
10 December | ![]() |
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IAE | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 10 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 239 kilometres (149 mi) | |||||||
13 December 21:31:38 |
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NRC | Suborbital | Auroral research | 13 December | Launch failure | ||
Apogee: 50 kilometres (31 mi), failed to reach space | |||||||
13 December 22:54:25 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma research | 13 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 662 kilometres (411 mi) | |||||||
15 December 23:35 |
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Intelsat | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
16 December 14:10:00 |
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SRC | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 16 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 187 kilometres (116 mi) | |||||||
17 December 11:00 |
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Low Earth | Amateur radio | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Amateur radio | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Amateur radio | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Amateur radio | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Amateur radio | In orbit | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Amateur radio | In orbit | Successful | |||
19 December 01:10 |
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US Air Force | Intended: Medium Earth | Navigation | +20 seconds | Launch failure | ||
Incorrect repair to booster unit engine resulted in coolant line blockage. Rocket lost thrust within eight seconds of launch, destroyed by range safety. | |||||||
19 December 11:50 |
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Low Earth | Optical imaging | 19 January 1982 | Successful | |||
19 December 20:00 |
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INTA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 19 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 106 kilometres (66 mi) | |||||||
20 December 01:29:00 |
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Inmarsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
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ESA | Geosynchronous transfer | Vehicle monitoring Technology |
In orbit | Successful | ||
21 December 18:37 |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Aeronomy Ionospheric research |
21 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) | |||||||
22 December | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 22 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
23 December 13:15 |
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Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
27 December | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 27 December | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
December | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
December | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile strike | Successful | ||||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
Unknown date | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
DGA | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 800 kilometres (500 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
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![]() | ||||
![]() |
DGA | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 800 kilometres (500 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
DGA | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 800 kilometres (500 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
DGA | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Launch failure | ||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | REV test | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Apogee: 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 620 kilometres (390 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 620 kilometres (390 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 620 kilometres (390 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 620 kilometres (390 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 620 kilometres (390 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 620 kilometres (390 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 620 kilometres (390 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 620 kilometres (390 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
VMF | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
VMF | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
VMF | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
VMF | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
VMF | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
VMF | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
VMF | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
Unknown | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||
![]() |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | Unknown | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) |
Deep-space rendezvous
Date (UTC) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
26 August | Voyager 2 | Flyby of Saturn | Gravity assist; Closest approach: 101,000 kilometres (63,000 mi) |
References
- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.[dead link]
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
- Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
- Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
- Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
- "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
- "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
- "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.[dead link]
- "Space Information Center". JAXA.[dead link]
- "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Footnotes
![]() | This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (March 2022) |
- ^ "'Yeeeow!' and 'Doggone!' Are Shouted on Beaches as Crowds Watch Liftoff". The New York Times.