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Spanish flu pandemic). Viral emergence in humans is often a consequence of zoonosis, which involves a cross-species jump of a viral disease into humans from...

the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent viral particles, or virions, consisting of (i) genetic material, i.e., long molecules...

difficulty in developing vaccines and antiviral drugs is due to viral variation. The emergence of antivirals is the product of a greatly expanded knowledge...

Viruses: The Evolution of Viruses and Viral Diseases" [...] It was convened to consider the mechanisms of viral emergence and possible strategies for anticipating...

that viruses played a critical role in the emergence of DNA and predate LUCA The abundance and variety of viral genes also imply that their origin predates...

without a condom if the HIV-positive partner has a consistently undetectable viral load. HIV infects vital cells in the human immune system, such as helper...

are viral, whereas in children bacterial causes predominate. The viral infection may occur along with other symptoms of a common cold. Both viral and...

product to people without them knowing they are being marketed to. The emergence of "viral marketing", as an approach to advertisement, has been tied to the...

chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis are named under post-viral fatigue syndrome. The term post-infectious fatigue syndrome was initially...

and genital herpes, both of which are associated with various forms of viral meningitis. Additional problems may occur in the early stage of the illness...

600 nm in diameter. They possess a lipid membrane overlying a shell of viral matrix protein. At the core is a single helical strand of genomic RNA tightly...

known as viral hemorrhagic disease (VHD), is a highly infectious and lethal form of viral hepatitis that affects European rabbits. Some viral strains also...

infertility. Bacterial STIs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. Viral STIs include genital warts, genital herpes, and HIV/AIDS. Parasitic STIs...

of methods are available for viral detection and diagnosis of RSV including antigen testing, molecular testing, and viral culture. The historically recommended...

Parrish CR, Truyen U, Holmes EC (2005). "High rate of viral evolution associated with the emergence of carnivore parvovirus". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA...

the Global Director of the PREDICT Project, a more than $200 million viral emergence early-warning project that has been developed with the United States...

Yellow fever is a viral disease of typically short duration. In most cases, symptoms include fever, chills, loss of appetite, nausea, muscle pains—particularly...

shared cultural experience online. Proponents theorize that memes are a viral phenomenon that may evolve by natural selection in a manner analogous to...

defined by the combination of the antigenic viral proteins haemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) in the viral envelope; for example, "H1N1" designates...

disease, as some infections do not cause illness in a host. As bacterial and viral infections can both cause the same kinds of symptoms, it can be difficult...