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identical Viking program landers each carried four types of biological experiments to the surface of Mars. The first successful Mars landers, Viking 1 and...

Viking 1 was the first of two spacecraft, along with Viking 2, each consisting of an orbiter and a lander, sent to Mars as part of NASA's Viking program...

(201 lb). The Viking landers conducted biological experiments designed to detect life in the Martian soil (if it existed) with experiments designed by three...

branched streams. The primary mission of the Viking probes of the mid-1970s was to carry out experiments designed to detect microorganisms in Martian...

ExoMars Mars Science Laboratory Viking biological experiments "A Proposal for a New Mission to Mars: The Biological Oxidant and Life Detection (BOLD)...

rocks and hills. Like the 1970s era Viking spacecraft, Phoenix used retrorockets for its final descent. Experiments conducted by Nilton Renno, mission...

Mars. The results of the biological experiments on board the Viking landers remain inconclusive, with a reanalysis of the Viking data published in 2012...

September 15, 2017, to destroy the spacecraft. This method was chosen to ensure protection and prevent biological contamination to any of the moons of...

be sterilized to at least to the Viking post-sterilization biological burden levels of 30 spores total per spacecraft. Category V: This is further divided...

objects, space debris, or bolides; and controlled entry (or reentry) of a spacecraft capable of being navigated or following a predetermined course. Technologies...

for spacecraft bound for "special regions" containing water. Otherwise there is a risk of contaminating not only the life-detection experiments but possibly...

Interplanetary contamination refers to biological contamination of a planetary body by a space probe or spacecraft, either deliberate or unintentional....

humanity to experiments, a hypothesis which Ball describes as "morbid" and "grotesque", overlooking the possibility that such experiments may be altruistic...

NASA's Viking program launched two identical landers to the surface of Mars, each carrying scientific instruments. Their biological experiments included...

biosignatures. The two Viking landers conducted in 1976 the first, and so far only, search for current life on Mars. The biology experiments sought to detect...

the 27-year-old Russian cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, on 12 April 1961. The spacecraft completed one orbit around the globe, lasting about 1 hour and 48 minutes...

Mars Viking landers – Pair of NASA landers and orbiters sent to Mars in 1976 Viking lander biological experiments – Mars life detection experiments List...

radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG), like the successful Viking 1 and Viking 2 Mars landers in 1976. Radioisotope power systems (RPSs) are generators...

expressed reservations about the Viking lander program, pointing out that the biological experiments included with the spacecraft were not sufficient to accomplish...

This is a list of all spacecraft landings on other planets and bodies in the Solar System, including soft landings and both intended and unintended hard...