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A3 is a structured problem solving and continuous improvement approach, first employed at Toyota and typically used by lean manufacturing practitioners.

A3 is simple and strict approach systematically leading towards problem solving over structured approach.

A3 leads towards problem solving over the structure, placed on the ISO - ISO A3 single sheet paper. This is where the process got its name.

A3 is also called as SPS which stands for "Systematic Problem Solving".

A3 is a problem solving approach divided in number of steps which can vary. Most often used number steps is eight (8).

A3 is based on the principles of Deming's PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act).

A3 Problem Solving Steps

Step 1: Problem description, Initial Perception (PLAN)

Step 2: Breakdown of the Problem, Problem Clarification (PLAN)

Mapping out for this step can be driven by set of questions as for example "5 W's (what, where, when, why, who) and 2H's" (how, how many).

Step 3: Point of Cause, Setting Target (PLAN)

Step 4: Containment (PLAN)

Step 5: Cause and Effect, Ishikawa (PLAN)

Step 6: Effect Confirmation (CHECK)

Step 7: Follow Up Action, Corrective Actions (DO)

Step 8: Share the successfully implemented actions (ACT)

Follow Up Action

• Analytical quality control
• Corrective and preventative action (CAPA)
• Eight dimensions of quality
• First article inspection (FAI)
• Quality assurance
• Quality management framework
• Ishikawa diagram

• The A3 Problem Solving Way: An Introduction
• The Seven A3 Problem Solving Steps in Detail

• ASTM quality control standards

Category:Quality control Category:Quality Category:Management Category:Production and manufacturing