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The Leeson frequency is determined by the inverse of the ringing time of a resonator.

${\displaystyle f_{L}={1 \over {\tau }_{ring}}={\nu _{0} \over 2Q}}$

It serves as the point at which a measurement is sensitive to the Instantaneous phase ${\displaystyle \phi {(t)}}$^[1]. Meeasurements which probe the resonator at frequencies above the Leeson frequency result in instantaneous phase sensitivity and are therefore able to measure the spectrum of phase fluctuations ${\displaystyle S_{\phi }}$ in units of dBc/Hz. When measurements probe the resonator below the Leeson frequency, only averaged phase response is obtained allowing only for measurement of the spectrum of frequency fluctuations ${\displaystyle S_{Y}}$ in units of Hz²/Hz.

These two spectra are related by ${\displaystyle S_{Y}={f^{2} \over \nu _{0}^{2}}S_{\phi }}$

• Rubiola, Enrico (2008), Phase Noise and Frequency Stability in Oscillators, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-88677-2
• National Institute of Standards and Technology Time and Frequency Metrology Group
• The site http://rubiola.org contains a bunch of information and literature about phase noise, frequency stability, experimental techniques, etc.