User:Wnsop8/Male genital examination
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An annual physical examination includes a medical examination of the male genitals consisting of the penis, scrotum and urethral meatus.[1] A comprehensive assessment of the male genitals assesses the pubic hair based on Sexual Maturity Rating and the size of the testicles and penis.[2] The exam is conducted to detect various ailments, measure sexual development, or verify a person's age and biological sex. In addition, the doctor can detect abnormalities such as phimosis, lumps, tumors, redness, excoriation, edema, lesions, swelling, cancer and many others.
External Examination
Examination of the external genitalia include an inspection and palpation of the penis, scrotum, and urethral meatus.[3]
The external genital examination begins with the undressed examinee standing in front of the seated professional. [3] The examiner visually scans the distribution of pubic hair and appearance of the external genital. Examiner notes large masses, undescended testicles or bulges in groin region. [3]
- For individuals with an uncircumcised penis, the foreskin is pulled back to expose the glans. Palpate the shaft of penis and inspect for unusual firmness. [3]
- Examiner everts opening of urethra using their thumb to expose the mucosa for inspection. [3]
- Palpate scrotum and examine appearance, size and position of the testicles. The normal shape of testicle is oval and tender to the touch. [3]
- Examine for masses in the scrotum using a light source in a dark room. [3]
- Palpate abdominal region to determine if testicle is undescended. [3]
- Palpate the spermatic cord that connects to the testicle. [3]
- Return foreskin to normal position.
Genitourinary Abnormalities
During the assessment of the genitourinary system, the doctor can detect any of the following: dysuria, foul smelling urine, hematuria, urethral discharge, discomfort, sexually transmitted disease, urinary tract infection, and many others. The assessment may include social history, family history, sexual behaviors and habits.
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Testicular self-examination (TSE) is performed to detect changes and symptoms that can indicate sexually transmitted infections (STI) or a more harmful disease.[4] Testicular self-examinations only take a few minutes and should be done every four weeks. Testicular cancer is most common in the age 20–50 years old, so it is important to start STE at a young age.[5]
A testicular self-examination can be done in front of a mirror to look at the entire surface. To properly examine the scrotum needs to be warm and relaxed. Each individual testicle needs to be inspected by rolling the testicle between the thumb and fingers. During the examination an individual is searching for the appearance of any swelling, tenderness, bumps or blisters. It is important to reach out to a doctor if any abnormalities or new lumps are found.
Note: during a self-examination a person may detect a ropy tube which is the epididymis.[6]
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References
- ^ White, J. Maxwell; O'Brien, David P. (1990), Walker, H. Kenneth; Hall, W. Dallas; Hurst, J. Willis (eds.), "External Male Genitalia", Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations (3rd ed.), Boston: Butterworths, ISBN 978-0-409-90077-4, PMID 21250142, retrieved 2023-07-26
- ^ Nahata, Leena; DaJusta, Daniel; Gupta Basuray, Rakhi (2015-11). "The Male Genital Examination: Overcoming Barriers to Prevent Missed Diagnoses". Clinical Pediatrics. 54 (13): 1237–1239. doi:10.1177/0009922815577962. ISSN 0009-9228.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i White, J. Maxwell; O'Brien, David P. (1990), Walker, H. Kenneth; Hall, W. Dallas; Hurst, J. Willis (eds.), "External Male Genitalia", Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations (3rd ed.), Boston: Butterworths, ISBN 978-0-409-90077-4, PMID 21250142, retrieved 2023-07-28
- ^ "How to Do a Genital Self-Exam | HealthLink BC". www.healthlinkbc.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
- ^ Services, Department of Health & Human. "Testicular self examination". www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 2023-07-27.
- ^ "Testicular exam - Mayo Clinic". www.mayoclinic.org. Retrieved 2023-07-26.