User:Nicolehyare/sandbox

This is the user sandbox of Nicolehyare. A user sandbox is a subpage of the user's user page. It serves as a testing spot and page development space for the user and is not an encyclopedia article. Create or edit your own sandbox here.

Other sandboxes: Main sandbox | Template sandbox

Finished writing a draft article? Are you ready to request review of it by an experienced editor for possible inclusion in Wikipedia? Submit your draft for review!

My sandbox for the page Sexual jealousy

Male sexual jealousy

Male sexual jealousy functions to defend paternity confidence^[1], and is likely to have evolved through natural selection^[2] to prevent cuckoldry - a threat to males since they could be investing in offspring that are not biologically related to. This would also be costly, since their resources would be used on females' offspring that is not theirs^[3]. Male sexual jealousy manifests itself in the emotion of jealousy, using or threatening with violence to ensure sexual exclusivity and the inclination to control women^[1]. This idea of males ensuring sexual exclusivity has also lead to laws on adultery.

From an evolutionary perspective, the jealousy arises from this threat of investing in non-biologically related offspring and thus is most strongly felt over their mate's sexual infidelity^[4]. It can take several forms in behaviour: aggression and violence^[5], and possessiveness or controlling behaviour towards their mate^[6]. In some cases, sexual jealousy can lead to uxoricide. Threats to a relationship can arise from other sources too, such as the presence of rivals, cues to infidelity and partner dissatisfaction with the relationship^[7]. Morbid jealousy is also concurrent with male sexual jealousy^[4] - an obsession with thoughts of a partner's suspected sexual infidelity. A recent meta-analysis reviewed the literature and found that sexual jealousy in males can also lead to emotions such as distress, hurt and disgust being experienced^[8].

Mate guarding behaviour

One behaviour arising from male's sexual jealousy towards their partner's sexual infidelity is mate guarding^[7]. These tactics are used to prevent partner infidelity and so might be used when there are perceived threats in the environment^[9]. It results in several behaviours, researchers have documented up to 19 different tactics used^[10]. This includes (but is not exclusive to):

violence directed towards competitors,
taking up all of the mate's time so that they have no time to meet other potential mates,
enhancing their appearance.

Vigilance is also a tactic used by the male towards their mate by controlling their movements either directly or indirectly.^[7] For example, they may check up on where their partner is (indirectly) or stop them from going out with friends (directly).

Homosexual men

x

^ ^a ^b Daly, Martin; Wilson, Margo; Weghorst, Suzanne J. (1982-01-01). "Male sexual jealousy". Ethology and Sociobiology. 3 (1): 11–27. doi:10.1016/0162-3095(82)90027-9.
^ Harris, Christine R. (May 2003). "A Review of Sex Differences in Sexual Jealousy, Including Self-Report Data, Psychophysiological Responses, Interpersonal Violence, and Morbid Jealousy". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 7 (2): 102–128. doi:10.1207/S15327957PSPR0702_102-128.
^ Pham, Michael N.; Shackelford, Todd K. (2014). "Human Sperm Competition: A Comparative Evolutionary Analysis". Animal Behavior and Cognition. 1 (3): 410. doi:10.12966/abc.08.13.2014.
^ ^a ^b Harris, Christine R. (2003-05-01). "A Review of Sex Differences in Sexual Jealousy, Including Self-Report Data, Psychophysiological Responses, Interpersonal Violence, and Morbid Jealousy". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 7 (2): 102–128. doi:10.1207/S15327957PSPR0702_102-128. ISSN 1088-8683. PMID 12676643.
^ "Sex Differences in Mate Preferences, Jealousy, and Aggression". www.personalityresearch.org. Retrieved 2016-03-02.
^ Wilson, Margo I.; Daly, Martin (1996-01-01). "Male Sexual Proprietariness and Violence against Wives". Current Directions in Psychological Science. 5 (1): 2–7.
^ ^a ^b ^c Buss, David (2002). "Human mate guarding". Neuroendocrinology Letters. 23: 23–29.
^ Sagarin, Brad J.; Martin, Amy L.; Coutinho, Savia A.; Edlund, John E.; Patel, Lily; Skowronski, John J.; Zengel, Bettina. "Sex differences in jealousy: a meta-analytic examination". Evolution and Human Behavior. 33 (6): 595–614. doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2012.02.006.
^ Goetz, Aaron T.; Shackelford, Todd K.; Weekes-Shackelford, Viviana A.; Euler, Harald A.; Hoier, Sabine; Schmitt, David P.; LaMunyon, Craig W. (2005-03-01). "Mate retention, semen displacement, and human sperm competition: a preliminary investigation of tactics to prevent and correct female infidelity". Personality and Individual Differences. 38 (4): 749–763. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.028.
^ Buss, David (1988). "From vigilance to violence: Tactics of mate retention in American undergraduates". Ethology and Sociobiology. 9 (5): 291–317. doi:10.1016/0162-3095(88)90010-6.

[:3-1] Daly, Martin; Wilson, Margo; Weghorst, Suzanne J. (1982-01-01). "Male sexual jealousy". Ethology and Sociobiology. 3 (1): 11–27. doi:10.1016/0162-3095(82)90027-9.

[2] Harris, Christine R. (May 2003). "A Review of Sex Differences in Sexual Jealousy, Including Self-Report Data, Psychophysiological Responses, Interpersonal Violence, and Morbid Jealousy". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 7 (2): 102–128. doi:10.1207/S15327957PSPR0702_102-128.

[:0-3] Pham, Michael N.; Shackelford, Todd K. (2014). "Human Sperm Competition: A Comparative Evolutionary Analysis". Animal Behavior and Cognition. 1 (3): 410. doi:10.12966/abc.08.13.2014.

[:1-4] Harris, Christine R. (2003-05-01). "A Review of Sex Differences in Sexual Jealousy, Including Self-Report Data, Psychophysiological Responses, Interpersonal Violence, and Morbid Jealousy". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 7 (2): 102–128. doi:10.1207/S15327957PSPR0702_102-128. ISSN 1088-8683. PMID 12676643.

[5] "Sex Differences in Mate Preferences, Jealousy, and Aggression". www.personalityresearch.org. Retrieved 2016-03-02.

[6] Wilson, Margo I.; Daly, Martin (1996-01-01). "Male Sexual Proprietariness and Violence against Wives". Current Directions in Psychological Science. 5 (1): 2–7.

[:2-7] Buss, David (2002). "Human mate guarding". Neuroendocrinology Letters. 23: 23–29.

[8] Sagarin, Brad J.; Martin, Amy L.; Coutinho, Savia A.; Edlund, John E.; Patel, Lily; Skowronski, John J.; Zengel, Bettina. "Sex differences in jealousy: a meta-analytic examination". Evolution and Human Behavior. 33 (6): 595–614. doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2012.02.006.

[9] Goetz, Aaron T.; Shackelford, Todd K.; Weekes-Shackelford, Viviana A.; Euler, Harald A.; Hoier, Sabine; Schmitt, David P.; LaMunyon, Craig W. (2005-03-01). "Mate retention, semen displacement, and human sperm competition: a preliminary investigation of tactics to prevent and correct female infidelity". Personality and Individual Differences. 38 (4): 749–763. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.028.

[10] Buss, David (1988). "From vigilance to violence: Tactics of mate retention in American undergraduates". Ethology and Sociobiology. 9 (5): 291–317. doi:10.1016/0162-3095(88)90010-6.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]