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Crangonyx islandicus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Crustacea
Class:	Malacostraca
Order:	Amphipoda
Family:	Crangonyctidae
Genus:	Crangonyx
Species:	C. islandicus
Binomial name
	Crangonyx islandicus; Svavarsson & Kristjánsson, 2006

Crangonyx islandicus is a species of groundwater amphipods, endemic to Iceland, which was described in 2006.^[1] This species lives in freshwater beneath recent lava fields (no older than 10,000 years) and is relatively widespread in the geologically youngest parts of Iceland. Morphological data, species distribution, genetic diversity and population structure suggest that this species survived repeated glaciation periods in Iceland in sub-glacial refugia.^[2]^[3] Considering that this species is most closely related genetically to Crangonyx species from North America, the ancestor of C. islandicus might have colonized Iceland via Greenland.^[4]

References

^ Jörundur Svavarsson & Bjarni K. Kristjánsson (2006). "Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., a subterranean freshwater amphipod (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from springs in lava fields in Iceland" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1365: 1–17. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |biostor= ignored (help)
^ Bjarni K. Kristjánsson & Jörundur Svavarsson (2007). "Subglacial refugia in Iceland enabled groundwater amphipods to survive glaciations". American Naturalist. 170 (2): 292–296. JSTOR 518951. PMID 17874379.
^ Etienne Kornobis, Snæbjörn Pálsson, Bjarni K. Kristjánsson & Jörundur Svavarsson (2010). "Molecular evidence of the survival of subterranean amphipods (Arthropoda) during Ice Age underneath glaciers in Iceland". Molecular Ecology. 19 (12): 2516–2530. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04663.x. PMID 20465590.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Etienne Kornobis, Snæbjörn Pálsson, Dmitry A. Sidorov, John R. Holsinger & Bjarni K. Kristjánsson (2011). "Molecular taxonomy and phylogenetic affinities of two groundwater amphipods, Crangonyx islandicus and Crymostygius thingvallensis, endemic to Iceland". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 58 (3): 527–539. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.12.010. PMID 21195201.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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[1] Jörundur Svavarsson & Bjarni K. Kristjánsson (2006). "Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., a subterranean freshwater amphipod (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from springs in lava fields in Iceland" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1365: 1–17. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |biostor= ignored (help)

[2] Bjarni K. Kristjánsson & Jörundur Svavarsson (2007). "Subglacial refugia in Iceland enabled groundwater amphipods to survive glaciations". American Naturalist. 170 (2): 292–296. JSTOR 518951. PMID 17874379.

[3] Etienne Kornobis, Snæbjörn Pálsson, Bjarni K. Kristjánsson & Jörundur Svavarsson (2010). "Molecular evidence of the survival of subterranean amphipods (Arthropoda) during Ice Age underneath glaciers in Iceland". Molecular Ecology. 19 (12): 2516–2530. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04663.x. PMID 20465590.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[4] Etienne Kornobis, Snæbjörn Pálsson, Dmitry A. Sidorov, John R. Holsinger & Bjarni K. Kristjánsson (2011). "Molecular taxonomy and phylogenetic affinities of two groundwater amphipods, Crangonyx islandicus and Crymostygius thingvallensis, endemic to Iceland". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 58 (3): 527–539. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.12.010. PMID 21195201.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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