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Older females play a key role in the rearing of calves in some odontocete species, namely in Killer whales, Short-finned Pilot whales, Narwhals, and Beluga whales. These species exhibit an unusual life history characteristic known as post-reproductive lifespans, which entails a significant portion of female life-years in a population lived post-reproduction.[1] It is thought that the unique social structures of these odontocete species favors post-reproductive life-spans due to an increased relative fitness of older females who care for and help rear young calves.[1]

  1. ^ a b Ellis, Samuel; Franks, Daniel W.; Nattrass, Stuart; Currie, Thomas E.; Cant, Michael A.; Giles, Deborah; Balcomb, Kenneth C.; Croft, Darren P. (2018-08-27). "Analyses of ovarian activity reveal repeated evolution of post-reproductive lifespans in toothed whales". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31047-8. ISSN 2045-2322.