Vowels depend on "the analogy of the quantities developed in native English words, or rather of those used in ME adoptions from OF (which in turn depend on native modelv, but show some special features ...)
In some words the natural English quantities are subsequently altered artificially owing to the influence of the original Latin quantities -- in particular there is a tendency always use ē as the representive of Latin ae and Greek oe.
Disyllabic words normally have long vowels in open syllables, in accord with analogy of most words from French (which lartely depend on the analogy of the lown vowel existing in open syullables in the great majority of native disyllables in later ME)
But there are some exceptions
Words with two syllables after that which bears the stress regularly have a short vowel, in accordance with native analogues.
Oedipus and Daedalus have short E in RS [Right Spelling very much Improved, 1704]
But Lye (A New Spelling Book, 1677) has ē in Oedipus
Bianchi (ed.), The Mythology of Greece and Rome, from the German of O. Seemann. "A full index is appended, in which the quantities of the vowels are carefully marked" [not in original German]
{{IPAc-en|'|k||eɪ|t|r|i|.|ə|s}}, {{IPAc-en|'|k|eɪ|t|r|uː|s}};<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/websterspractica00we/page/540/mode/2up |page=541 |title=A Practical Dictionary of the English Language|editor1-first=Dorsey |editor1-last=Gardner |editor2-first=Noah |editor2-last=Porter|publisher=Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor & Co. |location=New York |year=1884}}</ref>
A Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, Mythology, Religion, Literature & Art, from the German of Dr Oskar Seyffert. London: Swan Sonnenschein etc. 1891. Marks quantity.
{{IPAc-en|'|k|oʊ|d|r|ə|s}};<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/centurycyclopedi09smituoft/page/264/mode/2up |page=264 |title=Century Cyclopedia of Names|editor-first=Benjamin E. |editor-last=Smith |publisher=Century |location=New York |year=1895 |volume=i}}</ref>
F. A. Wright (ed.) Classical Dictionary Of Proper Names Mantioned In Ancient Authors. n.d. (Adds length markings)
E. S. Ellis, Classical Dictionary, 1900. (Marks stressed syllable)
New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (multiple vols)
Sample citation:
{{IPAc-en|aɪ|ˈ|d|oʊ|l|ɒ|n}};<ref>{{cite book |title=A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles |url=https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary0003unse/page/62/mode/2up |volume=iii/ii |first=Henry |last=Bradley |editor-first=James A. H. |editor-last= Murray |publisher=Clarendon Press |location=Oxford |year=1897 |page=62}}</ref>
{{IPAc-en|ɛ|'|n|oʊ|d|i|.|ə}};<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/biologistshandbo00jaeg/page/110/mode/2up |page=110 |title=The Biologist's Handbook of Pronunciations|author-first=Edmund C. |author-last=Jaeger |publisher=Charles C Thomas |location=Springfield, IL |year=1960}}</ref>
Catherine B. Avery. New Century Classical Handbook. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. 1962.
{{IPAc-en|k|aɪ|'|oʊ|n|iː}};<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/newcenturyclassi00aver/page/278/mode/2up |page=279 |title=New Century Classical Handbook|editor-first=Catherine B. |editor-last=Avery |publisher=Appleton-Century-Crofts |location=New York |year=1962}}</ref>
J. E. Zimmermann, Dictionary of Classical Mythology. New York: Harper & Row. 1964. Gives pron. for every entry
{{IPAc-en|'|s|ɪ|n|ɪ|r|ə|s}};<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/dictionary-of-classical-mythology/page/62/mode/2up |page=63 |title=Dictionary of Classical Mythology|first=J. E. |last=Zimmerman |publisher=Harper & Row |location=New York |year=1964}}</ref>
Edward Tripp, Handbook of classical mythology. 1970. Unreliable.
{{IPAc-en|ˌ|ɛ|l|ə|f|ɪ|'|b|oʊ|l|i|.|ə}};<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/webstersnewunive0000unse_o3r6/page/458/mode/2up |page=458 |title=Webster's New Universal Unabridged Dictionary|publisher=Barnes & Noble|location=New York |year=1994|isbn=1-56619-147-5}}</ref>
{{IPAc-en|ᵻ|ˈ|l|ɛ|k|t|r|i|ə|n}};<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/classicalmytholo0000morf_p6e2/page/830/mode/2up |page=I-24 |title=Classical Mythology|author1-first=Mark P. O. |author1-last=Morford |author2-first=Robert J. |author2-last=Lenardon |author3-first=Michael |author3-last=Sham |publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford |edition=International 10th |year=2015|isbn=978-0-19-999739-8}}</ref>
ABDE:RUS A divine hero and one of the lovers of Heracles.
ACADE:MUS An Athenian hero who saved Athens by preventing an invasion by Castor and Pollux.
A.CHE.LO:.US A river of Greece forming the boundary between Acarnania and Aetolia; the deity thereof
ADME:TUS A king of Pherae in Thessaly, one of the Argonauts
ADO:NIS A beautiful young man loved by Aphrodite.
A.DRAS.TE:.A The goddess of divine retribution
AE.E:.TES King of Colchis and father of Medea
AEGI:NA The nymph of the island that bears her name, Aegina, lying in the Saronic Gulf between Attica and the Peloponnesos.
AE.NE:.AS A Trojan hero, the son of the Trojan prince Anchises and the Greek goddess Aphrodite (equivalent to the Roman Venus).
AENESIDE:MUS A character in the ancient Greek novel The Wonders Beyond Thule
AETO:LUS A king of Elis / One of the Argonauts / man who helped the Heracleidae
ALCMEO:NIS A lost early Greek epic which is considered to have formed part of the Theban cycle.
A.LO.A:.DAE Twin giants
AM.PHI.A.RA:.US King of Argus
AMPHITRI:TE Goddess of the sea, the queen of the sea, and the wife of Poseidon.
AMYMO:NE A daughter of Danaus, king of Libya and Europe, a queen.
ANCHI:SES A Trojan prince
AN.TI.CLE:.A Queen of Ithaca as the wife of King Laërtes.
APHRODI:TE Goddess of love
ARE:TE Queen; Wife of Alcinous and mother of Nausicaa and Laodamas. (not to be confused with ARETE, goddess of execellence)
ASO:PUS A river god, son of Poseidon
ATHE:NA Olympian
AU.GE:.AS King of Elis, best known for his stables
BOLI:NA Nymph loved by Apollo
BRI.SE:.IS Character in the Iliad
CEPHI:SO One of the Muses
CERCO:PES Mischievous forest creatures
CHI.O:.NE Daughter of Boreas
CHRY.SE:.IS Trojan woman in the Iliad
COCY:TUS River of wailing in the underworld
CYCLO:PES One-eyed giants; plural of CYCLOPS
CY.MO.PO.LI:.A Daughter of Poseidon (also CYMOPOLEIA)
DADU:CHUS Epithet of Artemis and Demeter
DEI.A.NI:.RA Daughter of Oeneus (also DEANEIRA)
DEME:TER Goddess of agriculture
DEMOCE:DES Doctor
DI.O.ME:.DES Participant in Trojan War
DI.O:.NE Mother of Aphrodite, etc.
DI.O.NY:.SUS God of wine, etc.
DI.OS.CU:.RI Castor and Pollux
DODO:NA Oracle
Short
ACESO A goddess and personification of the healing process, daughter of Asclepius.
ACHERON A river in Epirus (the underworld)
ACRATOPOTES Drinker of unmixed wine, one of the divine companions of Dionysus
AC.RIS.I.US Mythical king of Argos
ADEPHAGIA Goddess and personification of gluttony.
A.DI.CI.A Goddess and personification of injustice
AE.A.CUS A king of the island of Aegina in the Saronic Gulf, one of the three judges in Hades.
AE.O.LUS The eponymous founder of the Aeolian race / a son of Poseidon, who led a colony to islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea / Ruler of the winds
A.ER.GI.A Personification of sloth, idleness, indolence and laziness
AESACUS A son of King Priam of Troy
AETHIOPIS A lost epic of ancient Greek literature, one of the Homeric Epic Cycle.
A.ETH.LI.US The first king of Elis
AGASTHENES The son of Augeas, and his successor in the kingdom of Elis.
ALALA A goddess / personification of the war cry/battle cry
AL.CI.NO.US King of Phaeacia in the Odyssey and of Drepane in the Argonautica
AL.CY.O.NEUS A traditional opponent of the hero Heracles, one of the Gigantes
AL.GE.A Goddesses of pain.
AM.BRO.SI.A Food of the gods
AM.PHIC.TY.ON King of Thermopylae and later Athens.
AM.PHI.TRY.ON King of Tiryns in Argolis
AMYCUS A centaur who fought against the Lapiths
ANAXAGORAS King of Argos / philosopher
ANDROMACHE Wife of Hector
A.NI.US King of Delos and priest of Apollo.
ANTIGONE Daughter of Oedipus and his mother Jocasta
ANTILOCHUS One of the comrades of Odysseus
ANTIPHATES one of Greek warriors who hid in the Trojan horse / King of the Laestrygones, a mythological tribe of gigantic cannibals et al.
ANTISTHENES Philosopher
ANYTUS Athenian demagogus / accuser of Socrates
APATE Goddess of deceit
AR.CE.SI.US Son of either Zeus or Cephalus, and king in Ithaca.
ARETE goddess of execellence (not to be confused with ARE:TE, Queen; Wife of Alcinous and mother of Nausicaa and Laodamas)
ARTEMIS Goddess of the hunt
ASBOLUS A centaur
ASCALAPHUS Son of Acheron and Orphne / son of Ares and Astyoche
AS.CLE.PI.US God of medicine
ASSARACUS King of Dardania
AS.TE.RI.ON Name of the minotaur, et al.
ATHAMAS King in Boethia
ATROPOS One of the three Fates
AU.TE.SI.ON King of Thebes
AUTOLYCUS Thief of the cattle of Sisyphus / one of the Argonauts
BELLEROPHON Hero who captured Pegasus
BENTHESICYME Daughter of Poseidon and Amphitrite
BO.RE.AS North wind
BORYSTHENES River god
CA.DU.CE.US Golden staff given to Hermes (note: Latin E.US: not Greek)
CAL.LI.O.PE Muse of epic or heroic poetry
CALYDON City where boar was hunted
CAR.NE.A.DES Philosopher
CE.LE.US King of Eleusis (Latin E.US, not Greek)
CEPHALUS Son of Hermes
CERBERUS Dog guarding Hades
CHAL.CI.O.PE Daughter of Aeetes, king of Colchis
CHRYSOTHEMIS Homer's name for Ipigeneia
CHTHO.NI.US Egyptian princess
CINYRAS King of Cyprus
COR.NU.CO.PI.A Horn of plenty
CRA.NA.US Second king of Athens.
CRE.TE.A Mountain
CRI.A.SUS King of Argos
CY.A.NE Nymph
CYBELE Anatolian mother goddess
CY.PRI.A Ancient poem attributed to Homer
DAEDALUS Father of Icarus; creator of the minotaur
DAMOCLES Sword guy
DA.NA.E Mother of Perseus
DA.NA.US King of Libya
DEMOCRITUS Philosopher
DEMOSTHENES Athenian statesman / orator
DEU.CA.LI.ON Son of Prometheus
DIDYMA Ancient sanctuary of Apollo
DI.O.GE.NES Cynic philosopher
DI.O.NY.SI.A Festival for Dionysus
DI.O.NY.SI.US Theophoric name
DYNAMENE Nereid
Doesn't matter
ACASTUS One of the men who sailed with Jason and the Argonauts.
ACHERUSIA Of or pertaining to ACHERON (a river in the underworld)
ACHILLES A mythical semidivine hero, who features in the Iliad as the foremost warrior of the Achaean (Greek) camp.
ACHLYS An ancient Greek goddess of death-mist, misery and sadness.
ACIS Son of Faunus, part of ACIS and GALATAEA
ACTAEON Having accidentally seen Diana (Artemis) on Mount Cithaeron while she was bathing, he was changed by her into a stag, and pursued and killed by his fifty hounds.
AC.TAE.US First king of Attica
ADRASTUS A king of Argos, and leader of the Seven against Thebes
AEDOS Goddess of modesty, shame, reverence and respect.
AE.GEUS A character in the founding myth of Athens.
AEGISTHUS The murderer of Agamemnon and lover of his wife Clytemnestra.
AEGYPTUS A king of Egypt
AESON A king of Iolcus in Thessaly. He was the father of the hero Jason.
AGAMEMNON King of Mycenae who commanded the Greeks during the Trojan War
AGDISTIS A deity who possesses both male and female sexual organs
AGLAEA one of the three Charites / the goddess/personification of the glow of good health / daughter of Mantineus / mother of Melampus and Bias by Amythaon / a Thespian princess / a nymph
AGON Personification of athletic competition
ALABANDUS A Carian hero, son of Euippus and Callirhoe
ALASTOR A black horse belonging to the Greek God Hades.
ALCESTIS A princess known for her love of her husband ADME:TUS
ALECTO One of the Furies
A.LE.THEI.A Goddess/spirit of truth and sincerity
A.LEU.AS Mythical king and seer of Thessaly
ALCE Goddess of courage and battle-strength
AMPYX Father of Mopsos.
A.NAI.DEI.A Goddess of ruthlessness, shamelessness and unforgiveness.
ANAX King of Anactoria (Miletus). He was the son of Gaea (Earth) and father of Asterius
ANAXIMANDER Philosopher
AN.TAE.US Defeated by Hercules in one of his labours
ANTANDRE An Amazonian warrior; one of Penthesilea's twelve companions at Troy.
AN.THEI.A One of the charities
A.OE.DE A muse
A.PHAE.A A goddess worshipped on Aegina
A.PHE.LEI.A Goddess of ease, simplicity and primitivity
APOLLO God of everything
ARACHNE Spider
ARAE Female spirits of curses, particularly of the curses placed by the dead upon those guilty of their death
ARES God of war
ARGO Ship
ARIADNE Cretan princess
A.RIS.TAE.US God of beekeeping
AS.TRAE.US Titan who warred against Zeus
ATALANTA Boar-hunting heroine
A.TREUS Father of Agamemnon
ATTIS Consort of Cybele
AUXO One of the Charities / One of the Horae
BENDIS Tracian goddess of hunting and the moon.
BRANCHUS Lover of Apollo
BRAURON City in Atttca
BRITOMARTIS Cretan goddess of mountains and hunting
BRIZO Goddess of mariners
CA.BEI.RI Group of chthonic deities
CACUS Son of Hephaestus and Medusa
CADMUS Legendary Phoenician founder of Boeotian Thebes.
CAE.NEUS Invulnerable warrior who changed her sex.
CAERUS God of luck
CALCHAS Soothsayer
CAMPE Female monster; guard of the Cyclopes
CARNUS Acarnanian soothsayer
CASSANDRA Priestess whose prophecies were fated to be disbelieves
CAS.SI.O.PEI.A Wife of Cepheus, mother of Andromeda. (Latin E: not I:) (not sure whether this belongs here)
CA.TREUS Minos's successor as King of Crete
CISUS, CEISUS King of Argos
CELAENO One of the harpies
COE.US, CE.US One of the Titans
CETO Primordial sea goddess
CHARON Ferryman to Hades
CHARYBDIS Sea monster
CHI.MAE.RA Mythological beast
CHI.OS Island
CHIRON Superlative centaur
CHRONUS God of time
CHRYSIPPUS Philosopher
CIRCE Enchantress, daughter of Helios
CLARUS Seat of an ancient oracle of Apollo
CLE.AN.THES Philosopher
CLI.O Muse of history
CLOTHO Fate
CLYTEMNESTRA Wife of Agamemnon
CODRUS Last king of Athens (note: both LOT and GOAT attested).
COE.US One of the Titans
COLCHIS Destination of the Argonauts
COMUS God of revelry
CORINTHUS Son of Marathon; founder of city of Corinth
CORYMBUS God of the fruit of the ivy
CRESPHONTES Father of Aegyptus
CRE.THEUS King of Iolcus (Greek diphthong)
CRI.US Child or Uranus and Gaea
CRONUS Titan
CYCLOPS One-eyed giant
CY.MO.PO.LEI.A Daughter of Poseidon (also CYMOPOLIA)
CYNORTAS King of Sparta
DAPHNE Naiad
DE.I.PHON.TES King of Argos
DELOS Island
DESPOENA Daughter of Demeter and Poseidon, named by the Arcadians (= PERSEPHONE?)
