User:Greenwhitedino/African vocab
Basic vocabulary lists of the languages of Africa
Glosses
Basic vocabulary lists of African languages based on the following 12 words:
- eye
- ear
- nose
- tooth
- tongue
- mouth
- blood
- bone
- tree
- water
- eat
- name
Articles
The lists are found in:
- Mande
- Dogon
- Ijoid
- Bak
- Senegambian
- Mel
- Rio Nunez
- Kru
- Kwa
- Volta–Niger
- Benue–Congo
- Gur
- Adamawa
- Ubangian
- Kordofanian
- Nilo-Saharan
- Chadic
And also: Moru–Madi
Similar lists on Wiktionary:
- Niger-Congo (numerals by Güldemann (2018: 142-145) and Pozdniakov (2018))
- Nilo-Saharan (Starostin (2014, 2017))
- Khoisan (Starostin (2013))
Lists
| Branch | Subgroup | Dialect | Language | eye | ear | nose | tooth | tongue | mouth | blood | bone | tree | water | eat | name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Niger-Congo | #Proto-Niger-Congo | #li | #toN | #mi | #ɲiN | #lem | #ɲwa | #ɲem | #kopV | #ti | #mV | #di | #lin | ||
| Kordofanian | Proto-Heiban | *ay / g-,j- | *-aani | *-ad̪alo / g-,j-; g-,n- | *-ŋad̪ / li-,j- | *-ŋela; *-iŋla ? / D-,d- | *-uuɲu | *-win / ŋ- | *-uya / li-,ŋu- (WC); *-uɲ / ʔ-,j- (E) | *-aaɽe / gu-,j- (WC) | *-aw / ŋ- | *-id̪d̪- | *-iriɲ / j- | ||
| Kordofanian | Proto-Talodi | *c-it / k- | *k-ɛnu / 0- | *k-ə-ɲɟɛ / 0-,n- | *c-ə-ɲit / k- | *tʊ̪ -ləŋɛ / ḷə- | *t-̪ ɔn̪ / ḷ- | *ŋ-ɪccʊk | *c-ə-mma-ɲan̪ / m- | *p-ɪda / k- | *ŋ-ɪḷ,-ɪḷɪ | *ḷə-ɡɔ | *k-ə-ḷəŋan / 0- (or *...n̪) | ||
| Kordofanian | Proto-Katloid | *g-ɪgɛd̪ | *-ɔnɔ | *gɪ-lɛd̪ | *-laŋɛd̪ | *i-ju(u) | *-ʌ-lV- | ||||||||
| Kordofanian | Tagoi | yígət / ŋə́gət | fənín / fənédit | yídir / ŋə́dər | tíɲən / ŋə́ɲən | táŋə́lak / yáŋə́lágɒt | kajər / hájɛrət | ŋɔ́y | kuh / huh | kafɔ́ / hafɔ́ | ŋay | yɛk | pəŋən / fəŋən | ||
| Kordofanian | Turjok | íŋgət / ŋ̀gət | fəniín / fəníínət | indər / ŋəndər | M. tiɲin / ŋiɲin | taŋəlk / yaŋəlak ~ yaŋəlɒgɔt | kiɲjɛr / siɲjɛr(g)ɔt | ŋɔ́y | kus / sus | kafɔ / safɔ́ | ŋaay | pɛŋɛn / sɛŋɛn | |||
| Kordofanian | Tagom | ŋgə́t̚ / ŋgə́de | nu ~ nũũ / núun ~ anuun | ndr̀ / ndr̀re | ɲîn / ɲîne | aŋa / aŋún | ̩ɲjár / (a)ɲjáre | óyá / óyo̍n | uru / urûn | lás / lásɛ | ega | yɛk | ɛŋɛn / ɛŋɛnɛ́ɛn | ||
| Kordofanian | Tegem | ṭ-ì, ʤ-ì / m- | kә́-ràŋ(ì) / a- | ṭ-ɛ̀ɲ(ì) / k- | l-iәŋ(ì) | k-ɛɲi / ɛɲi | ɲɪ̀ | ṭ-uɔ̀m(ì) / m- | kuwö(ì) / bɔɔ(ì) | ɲìì | kɪ́rɪ̀k | ku-ruwә̀ŋ / a- | |||
| Kordofanian | El Amira | lilaŋ / ɲimaŋ | wimu | t-aɲ / k- | liŋ | kiɲ | ɲi | tuwam | kwa | ɲi | palith | ||||
| Mande | Proto-Mande | *ɲíŋ | *lɛɓ̰́ Ṽ | *yíti | |||||||||||
| Mande | Proto-West Mande | *túli | *sʸúN | *ɲíN | **nɛ̌N | *dá ~ ɗá | *jío ~ yío | *gúri ~ wúri | *jío ~ yío | *tɔ́ko | |||||
| Mande | Proto-Manding (Mandekan) | *nya | *tulo | *nun | *nyin | *nɛn(e) | *da | *joli | *kolo | *yiri | *ji | *domo(n) | *tɔgɔ | ||
| Mande | Proto-East Mande (Niger-Volta) | *jɛN (< *gɛN) | *toro | *N-jẽ | *soN(-ka) | *N-lɛ | *lɛ | *(N-)wa(-ru) | *(N-)gero | *li/*da | *jiN | *be(-le) | *tɔ | ||
| Mande | Proto-South Mande | *yũ̀ã́ | *tɔ́lɔ́ŋ | *yṹã̄ | *sɔ̃̀ɛ̃́ | *nã̄nɛ̃́ | *ɗé | *yɔ̃̀mũ̄ | *wɔ̃́nɛ̃́ | *yílí | *yí | *ɓɪ̀lɪ̀ | *tɔ́ | ||
| Ijaw | Proto-Ijaw | *tɔrɪ³ | *ɓeri¹ | *nḭnḭ³ | *aka² | *ɪ̰ɓɛ̰lɛʊ² | *ɓɪpɪ² | *asɪ̰ɪ̰¹ | *ṵgbəu² | *tɛ̰ɪ̰² | *ɓed̰i¹ | *fɪɪ² | *ɪrɛ² | ||
| Ijaw | Kalabari | tɔ́rʊ̄ | ɓeri | nínī | áká | ɓɛ́lɛ́ | ɓɪ́ɓɪ́ | ímgbe | ɔmbɪ-yé, pulo | sɪ́n | minji | fɪ́ | ɛ́rɛ́ | ||
| Ijaw | Defaka | ɔ́yɔ | ɓasi | níni | nɪan | mɛndʊɔ | ɓɪ́ɪ́ | ḿbua | asi | ibo tiin | mbɪ́á | éé | ɪ́tá | ||
| Bak | Diola (Felup) | nyi-kil / ku- | ka-ɔs / o- | e-ŋindu / si- | ka-ŋin / o- | u-reeruɸ / ku- | bo-ʂom / o- | ha-sim | ka-gaka | ||||||
| Bak | Diola (Husuy) | ji-kil | ka-noo (outer); ɛ-jan (inner) | ɛ-ŋendu | ka-ŋiin | ho-leluf | bu-tum | h-äsim | ɛ-wool | bu-nunukɛn / u- | mal | ka-jaw; ka-saaf / u- | |||
| Bak | Diola (Diembereng) | di-gin | ka-gɔndin; ɛ-jamo | ɛ-yinu | ka-ŋiin | kaa-leeluf | bu-tum | hallna | na-nukanuk / nyu- | mɔ-hujɔ | ho-roo | ||||
| Bak | Karon | ni-kin | kaa-now | y-iinu | ka-ŋiin | hi-lɛɛluuf | pu-tum | hi-sim | kaa-cɛc | ||||||
| Bak | Papel (Biombo) | p-kihl / k- / i- | k-warʂ | bu-ihl / i- 'nose'; b-ihl 'nostril' | p-nyiḭ | p-remtɛ́ / k- / i- | m-ntum | p-nyaak | p-mɔ(h)ɔ | b-oonoʔ / ŋ- / m-; bu-mul 'log' | m-nrʂup | k-tim / i-; p-nɔntʂa | |||
| Bak | Papel (Safim) | kiś | b-iś | m-tuɣum | |||||||||||
| Bak | Manjaco (Baboque) | pə-kəs / k- | kä-batʂ | b-iis / g- | pə-roomaj / i- | pə-ndeämənt | m-tum | pə-nyak | ka-muä | b-kɔʔ / g- / m-ŋk | m-lek | ka-tim | |||
| Bak | Manjaco (Pecixe) | kəkähl / kə- / i- | ka-barʂ | bu-ahl / iihl 'nose'; b-iihl / ŋ- 'nostril' | pədoomiʔ | p-diämət | m-tum / ŋ- / i- | pə-nyaak | ka-mua | ka-tim | |||||
| Bak | Manjaco (Churo) | pə-kəs | ka-bah | b-iis | p-roomɛɛʔ | p-reemint | n-tum | pə-nyaak | ka-muh | bo-mol / o- | n-nek | ka-tim 'land' | |||
| Bak | Mancanha | pə-kəʂ | ka-batʂ | b-yis | pə-nyḭ | pə-ndɛmənt | m-ntum | pə-nyaak | pə-mɔh | bə-jɛl / ŋ- | m-ɛl | ka-tim; ka-bɛp | |||
| Bak | Balanta (northern, Kəntɔhɛ) | f-kit / k- | kə-lɔʔ / k- | b-fuŋa / #- | f-sec / k- | kə-dɛmat / Ø- | b-sum / #- | k-saham | f-hool / k- | b-ta / Ø- | wɛdɛ | f-tookɛ; f-mbɛɛm | |||
| Bak | Bijago | n-ɛ̂ / ŋ- | kɔ-nnɔ / ŋa- | ŋɔ́-mɔ̀ | ká-nyì / ŋá | nú-númɛ̀ | ká-nà / ŋa- | nɛ-nyɛ | ka-ŋkpeene / ŋa- | ŋɔ-maŋgi / mɔ- | n-nyo; n-to 'brine' | ŋa-βin / N- | |||
| Senegambian | Wolof | bət / gət | nɔɔp | bakkan | bəny / gəny | lämminy | gemminy | dɛrɛt | yax | garab | ndɔx | tur; sant | |||
| Senegambian | Sereer | áŋgît | nɔ̂f | ɔ́nyîs | ányíìny (PL) | ɗélém | ɔdôn | fo ʔɔl ɔla | o hij ola / a kij aka | i ndaxar na / taxar ka | fɔ̂ːfî | ||||
| Senegambian | Sine | ṇgid | nɔ̣f | ɲis | ɲiɲ | ɗelɛm | dɔ̣n | foʔyeʔ | kiʔy | ndaxar | fof | gɔ̣̀n | |||
| Senegambian | Fula / Pular | yiit-ere / git-e | now-ru / noppi | kin-al / kin-e | nyii-re / nyi’-e | ɗen-gal / -ɗe | hundu-ko / kundu-le; kara-ho | ʔyii ʔy-an | ʔyi-ʔ-al / ʔyiʔ-e | leggal / leɗɗe | ndiy-an / di’e | in-nde / in-ɗe; yettoo-re / gettoo-je | |||
| Senegambian | Ndut | ʔil | nœf | ɲin | sis | pɛɾɛm | ɓuk | ɲif | ʔyo | kɪlɪl | mɞlop | tiː | |||
| Senegambian | Sili | ʔil | nuf | ɲin | sis | pɛ̣ɾɛm | ɓuq | ɲif | ʔyox | kilik | molop | tʰiː | |||
| Senegambian | Safi | xas | nœf | kiɲin | sis | pɛʔdɛm | ŋgup | ɲif | ʔjɔx | kidik | mazup | tik | |||
| Senegambian | Lala | kɔs | nɔf | kumun | sis | peɾim | kuː | ɲif | ʔyɔx | kɛdɛk | musu | tɛːk | |||
| Senegambian | None | kᵘas | nɔf | kumɞn | siːs | pɛfɛm | ku | ɲif | ʎoh | kɛdɛk | mᵘɔjuʔ | tek | |||
| Senegambian | Banhum | ci-gil / i- | ci-nuf / xa- | nyaŋkən / -əŋ | gu-rul / xa- | bu-lemuc / i- | bu-rul / i- | mu-leen | gu-xuun / xa- / ba-, ku- | ci-nɔ / mu-nn | mu-nd / +-əŋ | gu-rɛt / xa-; ci-ram / nya- | |||
| Senegambian | Cobiana | si-ggih / nyi- | si-nuf / ŋa- | gu-nyikin / ŋa- | bu-gees / ja- | jaarum / a- | a-cis / ga-s | bu-heeh | gu-maab / ŋa- | u-doʔ / dɛ- | ma-leem | gi-sɛh / ŋa-; gu-mantiinya / ŋa- | |||
| Senegambian | Cassanga | si-gir / ga-, nyi- | gu-nuf / ŋɔ- | gu-nyikən / ŋa- | gu-gees / ŋa- | jaalumb / a- | a-cis / ga-s | bi-lɛr | gu-maab / ŋa- | gu-rien / ŋa- | ma-yaab | gu-sɛr / ŋa-; si-mbur / nyi- | |||
| Senegambian | Konyagi | ì-ŋkə́r | æ̀-nə̀f / væ̀- | ì-cə̀l / wæ̀-s | Ø-bènyə́ / wæ̀- | Ø-ryə̀w̃ / wæ̀- | Ø-w̃ə̀s / wæ̀- | #-sǽt | Ø-ỹə̀c / wæ̀- | æ̀-tə́x / væ̀- | wə-̀ŋkà | ù-w̃æ̀cə́ / wæ̀-m | |||
| Senegambian | Tenda | a-ŋgəz / b+ | a-nəv / b+ | ɛ-cən / o-z | yiŋga / ɔ- | liw / o-d | e-tey / o-z | ɔ-zat | a-capar / b+ | ɛ-təɣ / ɔ- | men (o-class) | ɔ-wac / ɔ-m; zəc / o-c | |||
| Senegambian | Bedik | ngəs | ga-nəf / ba- | e-cəl / ma-s | gi-nyaŋga / ma- | i-ɗem / mə- | bə-məš / ma- | ma-yel | ɛ-bɛʔy / Ø-m | ga-t / ba-t | məŋga | yat | |||
| Senegambian | Pajade | m-aasa | ko-nufa | nya-sɛnɛ | pe-nnya | pe-deema | pa-mməs | p-wad | pe-jeere | ma-tte | ma-mbe | micc | |||
| Senegambian | Biafada | gərä | gə-nəfa | nya-sin / ba+ | cede / maa-s | bu-deema | mməsə / maa-m | bwa-hanna | bu-jedä | bu-r / maa-r | ma-mbiya | gə-səttə; gə-gbanyi | |||
| Mel | Sitemu | dɔ-fɔr | lʊŋʊs | a-lolYm | de-sek | te-mera | ku-su | me-tyir | kʊ-bɛnt | kʊ-tɔk | dɔ-mun | ki-di | te-we / me-we | ||
| Mel | Landuma | da-fɔr | a-lʊnʊs, a-rʊns | ta-soth, ta-suth | da-sek | da-mera | kʊ-suŋ | ma-tsir, ma-cir | kʊ-bʊnt | ke-tog, kʊ-tɔɔk | da-mun, m-anc | ki-di | tayif | ||
| Mel | Temne | for | a-lʊns, a-lʊs | a-suth, a-sot | sek | ra-mer | saŋ | tsir | bant, kʊ-bonth | n-anʈ | m-ant | di; som | bonʈ; n-es | ||
| Mel | Bullom | foll | nui | min | ɛ-chang | mulliŋ, li-mɛliŋ | ɲɛn | nkong | pah | rum | men | dyo | ilillɛ | ||
| Mel | Kisi | hɔlten | nileŋ | miŋndo | ciŋnde | diɔ-muleŋ | sondoo | koowaŋ | paa | yɔmndo | mɛŋndaŋ | dio | diolaŋ | ||
| Mel | Gola | e-fe | nu | e-mia | sia | me-miel, o-mie, meer-o | o-na, ɲa | sa, ma-sei, ma-sen | ke-kpa | ke-kul, kulu | mai, mande, mandi | dze, dzɛ | e-del | ||
| Mel | Baga Maduri | da-fɔr / i- / sə- | a-läŋgäs / i- | ta-sot / ma- | da-sek / i- | da-mer / sə- | ku-suŋ / cu- | koonɛ | ke-bant | kə-tɔɔk / i- | ba-mun | ta-we / ma-; lambe (d-) | |||
| Mel | Baga Sitemu | dɔ-fɔr / Ø- / sə- | a-laŋəs / sə- / Ø- | a-loləm / Ø- | de-sek / Ø- | te-mer / me- | ku-su / cu- | mɛ-tsir | ko-tɔk / tsə- | da-mun | |||||
| Mel | Baga Koba | da-fɔr / ɛ- | a-rəns / ɛ- | ta-sot / ma- | da-sek / ɛ- | da-mɛr | ku-soŋ / tsə- | ma-tsir | ke-bant / tsə- | kə-tɔk | na-mun | kə-teŋk | |||
| Mel | Landuma | da-fɔr / ɛ- / sə- | a-ləŋəs / yɛ- | ta-soot / ma | da-sek / ɛ- | da-mera / sə- | kə-suŋ / cə- | ma-cir | kə-tɔɔʐ / yɛ- | da-mun; m-ancs | ta-yif / ma- | ||||
| Mel | Temne | rə-fɔr / ɛ- | ä-ləns / ɛ- | ä-sot̪ / mə- | rə-sek / ɛ- | rə-mer | kə-səŋ / tə- | mə-tir | kə-bänt̪ | ŋ-ənt / y-; ä-tɔk 'firewood' | m-änt | ŋ-es / m- | |||
| Mel | Sherbro | hɔ́l / ti- | nṵ́ɪ́ / ti- | mín / si- | caŋ / n- | (li)màlíŋ / ti- | sùm | ŋkɔ̀ŋ | pak | tɔ̀k | mɛ́n | (i)líl / n-, si- | |||
| Mel | Mmani | fɔl / thifɔl | nyu / thinyu | min / thimin | caŋ /ncaŋ | di-miliŋ / mamiliŋ | eñɛn / nñɛn | kòó-wáŋ | pak / thipak | yɔ̀m-ndó | m̄ɛn | i-lɛlu / n-lɛlu | |||
| Mel | Kisi | hɔ̀l-téŋ | nì-léŋ | mǐŋ-ndó | cìŋ-ndé | dìɔ̀mù-léŋ | sòndò-ó | nkong | pàà- | o-thɔk | mɛ̀ŋ-ndáŋ | dìò- | |||
| Mel | Sua | (n)-fɔn / i- | n-nihi | (r)-seeny / m- | (r)-wɛy / m- | (n)-dɛmɛtɛ / i- | k-tumbu / i- | m-siin | ŋ-wuh | (ŋ)-taany / i- | m-miny | n-wey / i-; n-konto / i- | |||
| Mel | Gola | éfè | kénû | é-mḭa | késia̰ | ómiè, kémiè, kémièl | óńá̰ | másḛ̀i, másɛ̀n | kégòa, kégwà | kekuu, kekul | mamal, mamæ | edel | |||
| Mel | Limba | foya, hoya ha; pl. taya ta | kuluha ko; pl. ŋaliha ŋa | hutini ha; pl. ta ta | hutiti ha; pl. ta ta | filiŋ ha; pl. tafiliŋ ta | foti ha; pl. ta ta | marēŋ ma, masini ma | kutoli ko; pl. ŋa ŋa, ba ba | kuieŋ ko; pl. ŋa ŋa | mandi ma | kēn ko; pl. ŋakēn ŋa | |||
| Rio Nunez | Mbulungish | ʃɛt | nop | pɛn | tet / ʃi-tet | lim | tul | yel | mboi | ti, ki-ti | tɔ | romba | yin | ||
| Rio Nunez | Mboteni | tʃir / si-kir | nʊf | ndo, ndoŋdo | tʊl / sʊ-rʊl | lom | sul | yɛla | loŋ / sa-loŋ | tili, li | sɔ | lamal | yin | ||
| Rio Nunez | Nalu | n-cɛt | n-nɛw | ɲin | m-fef / a-fef | n-lem, rim | n-sol | ɲ-yaak / a-yaak | n-hol | n-ti / a-ti | ngɔl / a-gɔl, ŋol | rɛp tahan | riiɸ | ||
| Rio Nunez | Baga Fore / Mbulungish | cet | ɔ-nɔp | pen | ki-tet | lem | tul | bɔl | |||||||
| Rio Nunez | Baga Mboteni | cír / si- | nǎf / sä-; ɛ-nop | ndɔŋ / -lo | tǎl / sǎ-r | ɛ-ləm / a- | sùl / su- | yelã, yɛl-əŋ | lə̀ŋ / sa- | lí / ti- | sɔ̀, a-sɔ | ||||
| Rio Nunez | Nalu | n-cɛt / a- | nɛw / a- | nin / a- | n-feθ / a- | rim / a- | n-sul | naak | wol | n-ti / a- | a-ŋɔl | riiθ / a- | |||
| Kru | Tepo | jíê | nω̂â | mɪ̂jã́ | ɲɛ́ | mɛ̂ | wũ̂t | dâblώ | klá | tûgbɛ̀ | nîjẽ́ | dî | dώ | ||
| Kru | Jrwe | ɟró | nω̃̂ã̂ | mɪ̃̂ã̂ | ɲɛ̃́ | mɛ̃̂ | wṹ | klώω̂ | klá | túwɛ̀ | nĩ́ẽ́ | dîdɛ̂ | ɲɔ̃́ | ||
| Kru | Guere | ɟrííē | dōṹ | mlâ | ɲnɪ̃̂ɛ̄̃ | mē̃õ̀ | ŋɔ̄̃ | ɲmɔ̄̃ | kpâ | tū | ní | dîɛ̄ | ɲnɪ̃̂ | ||
| Kru | Wobé | ɟríɛ́ | dōṹ | mlã̂ | ɲnə̃̂ | mɛ̄̃õ̀ | ŋʷɔ̄̃ | nmɔ̄ | kpâ | tū | nĩ́ | dī | ɲnẽ̂ | ||
| Kru | Niaboua | ɟîrî | lòkû | máná | ɲéɲé | méɛ̃̀ | ŋʷɔ̄̃ | ɲēmō | kpá | tū | nî | dī | ɲéɲé | ||
| Kru | Bété (Daloa) | ɟi | jûkûlî | mlə̂ | gléí | mɪ́ɔ́ | ŋō | drú | kwâ | sū | ɲû | lí | ŋʉ̂nɪ̂ | ||
| Kru | Bété (Guibéroua) | jiri | júkwɨ́lí | mə́ɲə́ | gʌ̂lʌ̂ | mɪ̄ɔ̄ | nûə̂ | dûrû | kwá | sû | ɲú | dī | ŋʉ́ɲɪ́ | ||
| Kru | Néyo | jɪ́ | ɲúkwlí | mlé | glè | mɪ̄ɔ̄ | né | dòlū | féē | sūú | ɲú | lī | jlɪ́ | ||
| Kru | Godié | jɨdí | ɲūkúlú | mə́ɲə́ | gə̄lè | mɪ̄ɔ̄ | nə̄ | drù | féè | sū | ɲú | ɗɨ̄ | ŋʉ́nʉ́ | ||
| Kru | Koyo | jɪjē | ɲúkiwí | — | glà | mɪ̄ɔ̄ | nə́ | dòlú | féjē | sūú | ɲú | lɨ̄ | ŋɨ́nɨ́ | ||
| Kru | Dida | cí | ɲúkwlí | mné | glā | mɪ̄ɔ̄ | nɪ̄ | dólū | kwíjè | sū | ɲú | lî | ŋlɪ́ | ||
| Kru | Aïzi | zre | lωkɔ | mωvɔ | ɲɪ | mrɔ | mu | ɲre | kra | ke | nrɪ | li | — | ||
| Kru | Aïzi | zre | lωkɔ | mωvɔ | ɲɪ | mrɔ | mu | ɲre | kra | nrɪ | li | ||||
| Kru | Vata | jé | ɲêflú | mênê | glà | meɔ̄ | nɪ̄ | dūlū | fâ | ɲú | lî | ||||
| Kru | Dida | cí | ɲúkwlí | mné | glā | mɪ̄ɔ̄ | nɪ̄ | dòlū | kwíjè | ɲú | lî | ŋlɪ́ | |||
| Kru | Koyo | jíjē | ɲúkwlí | ŋʉ́nʉ́ | glà | mɪ̄ɔ̄ | nə́ | dòlú | féjē | ɲú | lɨ̄ | ŋɨ́nɨ́ | |||
| Kru | Godié | ɲūkúlú | mə́ňə́ | gə̀lè | mɪ̄ɔ̄ | nə̄ | dřù | féè | ɲú | ɗɨ̄ | ŋʉ́nʉ́ | ||||
| Kru | Néyo | jɪ́ | ɲúkwlí | mlé | glè | mɪ̄ɔ̄ | né | dòlū | féē | ɲú | lī | jlɪ́ | |||
| Kru | Bété (Guibéroua) | jiři | júkwɨ́lí | mə́ňə́ | gʌ̂lâ | mɪ̄ɔ̄ | nûə̂ | dûřû | kwá | ɲú | lī | nʉ́nɪ́ | |||
| Kru | Bété (Daloa) | ɟi | jûkûlî | mlə̂ | gléí | mɪ́ɔ́ | ŋō | dřú | kwâ | ɲú | lí | nʉ̀nɪ̂ | |||
| Kru | Niaboua | lòkû | mə́ná | ɲéné | méɛ̃̀ | ŋwɔ̃̄ | ɲēmō | kpá | nî | dī | ɲéné | ||||
| Kru | Wobé | ɟríɛ́ | dōṹ | mlã̂ | ɲnẽ̂ | mɛ̄ɔ̃̀ | ŋwɔ̃̄ | nmɔ̄ | kpâ | nĩ́ | dī | ɲnẽ̂ | |||
| Kru | Guéré | ɟrííē | dōṹ | mlâ | ɲnɪ̃̂ẽ̄ | mẽ̄õ̀ | ŋɔ̃̄ | ɲmɔ̃̄ | kpâ | ní | dìɛ̄ | ɲnɪ̃̂ | |||
| Kru | Konobo | jidɔ | nao | mlã | mɛ | daluo | kla | ɲɛ | di | ɲi | |||||
| Kru | Oubi | jīrō | nōā | mēã̄ | ŋu | dòùlā | kala | ɲɛ́ | dīdɛ̄ | ɲírṍ | |||||
| Kru | Bakwe | ɲʉ́ | ɲákúlú | mňṍ | glɛ̀ | mɛ̄ | mʌ́ | tùřú | kɔ̄ō | nē | ɟɨ | nrɪ | |||
| Kru | Tépo | jíê | nω̂â | mɪ̂jã́ | ɲɛ́ | mɛ́ | dâblώ | klá | nîjẽ́ | dî | dώ | ||||
| Kru | Grebo | jê | nóá | méá | mɛ̄ | ŋwúnɔ̄ | ɲénɔ́ | klã́ | nĩ́ | dí | ɲéné | ||||
| Kru | Klao | ɟí | nɔ̄kũ̀ | mnã́ | mɛ̄ | wɔ̃̄ | ɲnɔ̄ | kpã́ | nĩ́ | dī | ɲnɛ̃́ | ||||
| Kru | Bassa | ɟélé | máná | mɔ | wɔ̃̄ | nɔmɔ | kpá | dunu | ɗi | ɲɛnɛ | |||||
| Kru | Dewoin | gire | málã́ | mīlã̀ | wɔ̃̄ĩ́ | ɲimo | gba | ní | zī | ŋɛ́lɛ́ | |||||
| Kru | Kuwaa | sĩ̌ | nɔi | ɲũ | mɛ̀wũ | wɔ̃̀ | tòyò | kwa | nímí | ɟì | ɲɛlɛ̃ | ||||
| Kru | Sɛmɛ | ɲa | tasjẽ | mar | ɲen | dɛ | kõ | tõ | kpar | nũ | di | jĩ | |||
| Kwa | Ghana-Togo | Proto-Central Togo | *ki-nu-bí /bi- | *ku-túe /a- | *li-nía /a-; *li-lúma /a- | *ki-níé-bí /bi- | *ka-niána /ku-; *o- núí /i- | *li-kúpá /a- | *ku-wyéu /a- | *n-tû | |||||
| Kwa | Ga-Dangme | Ga | hiŋmɛi | toi¹ | nyanyɔŋ | lilɛi² | daa⁴ | la⁵ | wu⁴ | tso³ | nu⁵ | ||||
| Kwa | Ga-Dangme | Ga | hi-ŋmɛi | toí | ɲaɲɔɔ | líʔlɛ́í | dáʔá | lá | wú | tʃo | nu | ||||
| Kwa | Ga-Dangme | Dangme | hí-ŋmɛ́ | túê | lúŋù | lílɛ́ | ɲâà | mùɔ̀ | wû | tʃô | ɲù | ||||
| Kwa | Potou-Tano | Proto-Potou–Tano | *-ɲĩ | *-tʊ̃ | *-nʊ̃ | *-ju | |||||||||
| Kwa | Potou-Tano | Proto-Akanic | *-ɲĩ | *-sʊ̃ | *-nʊ̃ | *-cu | |||||||||
| Kwa | Potou-Tano | Akan | ɜ-nĩ | a-sʊ̃ | a-nʊ̃ | n-su | |||||||||
| Kwa | Potou-Tano | Proto-Guang | *kω-sω | *kɔ-nɔ̃ | *ŋ-kalωŋ | *o-yi | *ɲ-ču | ||||||||
| Kwa | Potou-Tano | Baoulé | ɲima | su | ɟe | taama, tãflã | nwã | moɟa | oɥje | wake | n̥zɥe | ||||
| Kwa | Potou-Tano | Ebrié | m̥mɛ-ɓi | n̥ɟɛ | n̥nɔ | allɛ | m̥mɛ | n̥ka | n̥eʔwe | aja | n̥du | ||||
| Kwa | Potou-Tano | Krobou | ɲɛ-bi | su | n̥ɲɛ | dandre | n̥nɔ̃ | n̥krã | m̥rɔ | ɲamɛ | n̥zɔ | ||||
| Kwa | Potou-Tano | Aboure | ɛɲɛ | ɔwɔ | n̥ɲɛ | nãnɛ | ɔblɔ | n̥nla | eboɛ̃ | elibe | n̥tʃwɛ | ||||
| Kwa | Potou-Tano | Eotile | ɛjima | ɔho | anna | annɛ | ãto | n̥na | n̥tɔwu | edwɔ | n̥su | ||||
| Kwa | Potou-Tano | Mbatto | õɲɛ̃muo | õdʒo | ɔ̃nɔ̃gõ | olɛ | ẽmẽ | õglɔ̃ | õtʃɥi | ojoku | õdu | ||||
| Kwa | Lagoon | Adioukrou | ɲama | lɔru | nɛn | anm | nɛɲ | mebl | luw | l-ikŋ | midʒ | ||||
| Kwa | Lagoon | Abbey | aɛ̃mɔ̃ | rɔkɔ | eji | lɛtɛ | ejimbu | m̥pje | sfje | ti | midʒi | ||||
| Kwa | Lagoon | Attie | himbɛ | te | hɛ̃ | nũ | mɛ | vø̃ | fe | dzakwɛ | sø | ||||
| Kwa | Lagoon | Alladian | ɛrɛ | nuku | n̥ɲi | ɛwɛ̃ | ɛmwã | n̥krɛ | n̥wi | ɛtɛ | n̥ʃi | ||||
| Kwa | Lagoon | Avikam | eŋwaɓa | ɛzjɛɓa | ɛɲrã | azraɓa | enɔ̃ | ɛvɛ̃ | ɛwu | eziba | ɛsɔ̃ | ||||
| Kwa | Lagoon | Abidji | nɔnɔwɛ | rɛte | ɛɲi | ine | nimiti | m̥bwo | luvu | tʰi | mindi | ||||
| Kwa | Kru | Aizi | zro | lokɔ | ɲɪ | mrɔ | mu | ɲre | kra | ke | nrɪ̃ | ||||
| Kwa | Ega | Ega | efí /e | elowá /a- | ɛnʊmà /a- | eno /i- | ɔ̀mà | àsɔ̀ | ìkù | ote /a- | aɗú | ||||
| Kwa | Pere | Pere | jísì-kéé | nɛ́ɛ́(ⁿ) | ɲòŋòmù | jèŋgé | yúgú | ɲààmú | kóó | gbèè-tííⁿ | túmú | ||||
| Kwa | Mpra | Mpra | anisi | ate | nchuma | nchumu | eyia | nkaw; nkwõ | |||||||
| Kwa | Dompo | Dompo | nyisi | sepe | nyì | dandulo | kanu | nkla | wuu | yi | nsu | ||||
| Kwa | Gbe | Proto-Gbe | *-tó | *aɖú | *-ɖɛ́ | *-ɖũ; *-ɖũkpá | *-ʁʷũ | *-χʷú | *-tĩ́ | *-tsĩ | |||||
| Volta-Niger | Yoruba | ojú | etí | imú | eyín | ahọ́n | ẹnu | ẹ̀jẹ | egungun | igi | omi | jẹ | orúkọ | ||
| Volta-Niger | Proto-Yoruboid | *e-jú | *e-tĩ́ | *ɪ-ŋmʊ̃́ | *e-ɲĩ́ | *ʊ-ɓã́ | *a-rʊ̃ã | *ɛ̀-byɛ̀ | *V-k'ĩk'ũ | *e-gĩ (i-) | *o-mĩ | *jɛ | *o-ɗú | ||
| Volta-Niger | Proto-Yoruboid | *éjú | *étí | *ímṵ́ | *éŋḭ́ | Yor. ahá̰ | *ɛ́lṵ ? | *ɛ̀gyɛ̀ | *égbṵ́gbṵ́ | Yor. igi | *ómḭ | *jɛṵ | *órú- ? | ||
| Volta-Niger | Proto-Edoid | *dhI-dhω | *ghU-chɔGɪ | *I-chuəNi; *-chuveNi | *dhI-kωN | *U-dhamhɪ | *A-nuə | *U-ɟɪ-, -ɟɪa | *U-thaNɪ | *A-mɪN | *dhɪ | *dhI-ni | |||
| Volta-Niger | Proto-Gbe | *-tó | *aɖú | *-ɖɛ́ | *-ɖũ; *-ɖũkpá | *-ʁʷũ | *-χʷú | *-tĩ́ | *-tsĩ | *ɖu | *yĩ́kɔ́ | ||||
| Volta-Niger | Akoko (Arigidi) | ódʒù | oto | (odʒ)uw̃ɔ̃̀ | éɲì̃ | ɛŕɛ̀ | õrũ | ɛ̀dʒɛ̀ | ɛ̀dʒɛ̀ | ɔ́hɔ̃̄ | edʒĩ | dʒō | |||
| Volta-Niger | Proto-Akpes; Akpes (Ajowa) | *èyò | *àsùgù | *àhũ | *ìyũ | *ìndàlì | *onu | ìkɔ̃̀n | ɔhuni | imi | ìmũ̀nũ̀ | ||||
| Volta-Niger | Ayere | ɛ́jɛ́ | éndí | ówṹ | éyĩ́ | únú | anu | èʃwè | egbe | oŋwu | oyin | ʃe | éwú | ||
| Volta-Niger | Ahan | ewú | éndí | owũ | eɲĩ | irɛ̃́ | arũ | èsè | igbegbe | oɲĩ | |||||
| Volta-Niger | Proto-Nupoid | *e-wie | *CV-tuNukpua | *V-bhʊə | *jiNkɔN | *a-giNtara | *V-giə | *CV-kiukuNu | *V-cigbɔNa | *nuNŋʷa | *gi | *CV-jɛ | |||
| Volta-Niger | Proto-Ebiroid | *e-ji | *ʊ-tɔkpa | *a-ʃɪ | *a-ɲɪ | *ɪra-rɛ | *aɲa | *ʧʊku | *ɔ-tʃɪ | *e-ɲi | *rɪ | *ɪrɛ-ʃa | |||
| Volta-Niger | Oko | áɲẽ́ | ɔ́tɔ̃́ | ɔ́mɔ́dɔ́rɛ̀ | írú | ɛ́làárɛ́ | ówó | ɛ́ŋɔ̂ | ófú | esáma | ébí | jé | íwúrù | ||
| Volta-Niger | Proto-Idomoid | *eyi | *ʊrʊ/a- | *eŋgwu | *ìmàǹjī | *ìmànyì; *ma-yeni ? | *ri | *ɛɲɪ | |||||||
| Volta-Niger | Proto-Ukaan | *ìdʒì | *ʊrʊgV | *ɔ̀kɔ̃́rɔ̃̀ | *ʊ̀ɲʊ̀gV; jɔ̀r | *ɛ̀ɲʊ̃́ | *òŋʷṍ | *ùɲṹ | *òɣʷó | *ɔ̀hʊ̃́nṽ | *ùmɔ̃̀ | *jé | *ìnĩ́ | ||
| Volta-Niger | Proto-Benue–Congo | *-lito | *-tuŋi | *-zua | *-nini, *-nino; *-sana; *-gaŋgo (±) | *-lemi; *-lake | *-zi; *-luŋ | *-kupe | *-titi; *-kwon | *-izi (±); *-ni (±) | *-zina | ||||
| Benue-Congo | Benue-Congo | Proto-Benue-Congo | *-lito | *-tuŋi | *-zua | *-nini, *-nino; *-sana; *-gaŋgo | *-lemi; *-lake | *-zi; *-luŋ | *-kupe | *-titi; *-kwon | *-izi; *-ni | *-zina | |||
| Benue-Congo | Kainji | Proto-Northern Jos | **iji (lì-/à-) | *toŋ (ù-/tì-) | *nyimu (bì-/ì-) | *ʔini (lì-/à-) | *lelem (lì-/à-) | *nua (ù-/tì-) | *nyì(aw) (mà-) | *ti (with reduplication) (ù-/tì-) | *nyi (mà-) | *lia | *ji(a) (lì-/sì-) | ||
| Benue-Congo | Plateau | Proto-Jukunoid | *giP (ri-/a-) | *tóŋ (ku-/a-) | *wíǹ (ri-/a-) | *baŋ (ku-/a-); *gyín (ri-/a-) | *déma (ri-/a-) | *ndut (u-/i-) | *yíŋ (ma-) | *kup (ku-/a-) | *kun (ku-/i-) | *mbyed | *dyi | *gyin (ri-/a-) | |
| Benue-Congo | Plateau | Proto-Kagoro | *-gi | *-two | *nii[ŋ] | *-dyam | *-nu[ŋ] | *-suok | *-kup | *-kwan | *-sii | ||||
| Benue-Congo | Plateau | Proto-Jaba | *gu-su | *gu-to[ŋ] | *-gi[ŋ] | *ga-lem | *ga-nyu | *ba-zi | *gu-kup | ||||||
| Benue-Congo | Plateau | Proto-Beromic | *-gis | *-toŋ | *-ɣiŋ | *-lyam | *-nu | *nì-ji | *-kup | *-kon | *-sii | ||||
| Benue-Congo | Plateau | Proto-Ninzic | *ki-sị́ | *ku-tóŋ | *ki-Nyin / *-Nyir | *ì-rem | *-nuŋ / *-n[y]uŋ | *ma-ɣì | *kù-kụp | *ù-kon | *a-ma-sit | ||||
| Benue-Congo | Cross | Proto-Upper Cross | *dyèná | *-ttóŋ(ì) | *dyòná | *-ttân | *-dák | *-mà | *-dè; *-yìŋ | *-kúpà | *-tté | *-nì | *dyá | *-dínà | |
| Benue-Congo | Cross | Proto-Lower Cross | *ɛ́-ɲɛ̀n / *a- | *ú-tɔ́ŋ / *a- | *í-búkó | *é-dɛ̀t / *a- | *ɛ́-lɛ́mɛ̀ / *a- | *í-núà | *-ɟìːp | *ɔ́-kpɔ́ | *é-tíé | *ˊ-mɔ́ːŋ | *líá | *ɛ́-ɟɛ́n | |
| Benue-Congo | Cross | Proto-Ogoni | *adɛ́ɛ̃ | *ɔ̀tɔ́̃ | *m̀ bĩɔ́̃ | *àdáNa | *àdídɛ́Nɛ́ | *m̀ miNi, *m̀ muNu | *ákpogó | *èté | m̀ mṹṹ | *dè | *àbée | ||
| Benue-Congo | Bantoid | Proto-Grassfields | *Ít` | *túŋ-li | *L(u)Í` | *sòŋ´ | *lím` | *cùl` | *lém`; *cÌ´ | *gÚp; *kúi(n)´ | *tí´ | *LÍb; *kÌ´; *mò´ | *lÍa | *lÍn`; *kúm | |
| Benue-Congo | Bantoid | Proto-Ring | *túɛ̀ | *túndé | *dúì, *tɔ́ŋ | *túŋɔ̀, *góìk | *dɔ́mì, *dídè | *dúɔ̀ | *dúŋá, *káŋù | *gúpɛ́ | *kák`, *tíɛ́ | *múɔ̀ | *dúɛ̀ | *dítɔ́, *gíd' | |
| Benue-Congo | Bantu | Proto-Bantu | *i=jíco | *kʊ=tʊ́i | *i=jʊ́lʊ | *i=jíno; *i=gego | *lʊ=lɪ́mi | *ka=nʊa; *mʊ=lomo | *ma=gilá; *=gil-a; *ma=gadí; *=gadí; *mʊ=lopa; *ma=ɲínga | *i=kúpa | *mʊ=tɪ́ | *ma=jíjɪ; *i=diba (HH?) | *=lɪ́ -a | *i=jína | |
| Benue-Congo | Bantu | Swahili | jicho | sikio | pua | jino | ulimi | kinywa | damu (Ar.) | mfupa | mti | maji | la | jina | |
| Dogon | Yorno-So | gìrǐː | súgùrù | kín | ɛ̌n | nɛ́nɛ́, nɛ̀nɛ̌ː | kɛ̀nɛ́, áŋá | ìllîː | kǐː | náː | dǐː | káː | bôy | ||
| Dogon | Tabi | Toro Tegu | jìró, gìró | súgúrú | cìrⁿò-ká | jìrⁿó | lèlá | ká | néŋ | cìrá | náː, X nà | ní | lí ~ lɛ́ | ìsǒŋ | |
| Dogon | Beni | Ben Tey | jìré | súːrⁿù | círⁿì | ìrⁿú, ìrⁿí | lɛ̀mdɛ̂ː | mǒː, m̀bǒː | gòŋgòró | cìrⁿéy | náː, nàː-dûm | nîː | ñɛ́ | ìnìrⁿîː | |
| Dogon | Yanda | Yanda Dom | gìd-íyè, gìdè | sún | kìnzà | ìn | nɛ̀mdà | cɛ́nɛ́, m̀bò | jènjù | kìrⁿà | tìmè, tìmɛ̀, nìː | ínjú | ʔə́ñɛ́ ~ ʔə́ñá-lì | ín | |
| Dogon | Douentza | Jamsay | jìré | sûn | círⁿé | ìrⁿé | nɛ̀nɛ́ | káː | nɛ̂yⁿ | cìrⁿé | náː | níː | ñɛ́ː | bón | |
| Dogon | Pergué | Perge Tegu | gìré | súŋúrⁿù | kírⁿé | ìrⁿé | lɛ̀lɛ́ | káː | nɛ̂m | kìrⁿé | náː | níː | ñɛ́ː | sórⁿú | |
| Dogon | Kiri | Gourou | gìré | súŋùn | kírⁿé | ìrⁿé | nɛ̀nɛ́ | káː | nɛ̂yⁿ | kìrⁿé | ̀̌ | níː | ñɛ́ː | bón | |
| Dogon | Anda | Nanga | gìré | súŋúrⁿì | kírⁿê | ǹnɛ́, ìnɛ́, ìrⁿɛ́ | nɛ́ndɛ̀ | nɔ̌ː | gòndùgó | kìrⁿá | déː, nàː dûː | nîː | kɔ́ː | ǹnèrⁿî, ìnèrⁿî | |
| Dogon | Walo | Bankan-Tey | gìré | sûn | círⁿè | ŋìrⁿɛ́, ñìrⁿɛ́ | lɛ̀mbìrɛ̂ | mbǔː | gòŋgòró | kìrⁿěy | nàː-dûm | nîː | ñɛ́ | ŋìnnîː, ñìnnîː | |
| Dogon | Kubewel-Adia | Najamba | gìró ~ gìré | súnùː ~ súnìː | kìnjâː ~ kìnjɛ̂ː | ìnɔ̌ː ~ ìnɛ̌ː | nɛ̌ndɔ̀ː ~ nɛ̌ndɛ̀ː | ìbí-ŋgé ~ ìbí | gěn-gé ~ gěn | kìná-ŋgó ~ kìná | nǐː ~ nìː-mbó | íŋgé ~ íŋgé, ínjé ~ ínjé | kwɛ́ | ínèn ~ ínèn | |
| Dogon | Tongo Tongo | Tommo-So | gìré | súgúlú | kínú | ìnú | nííndɛ́ | kɛ̀nnɛ́, áŋá | ìlìyé | kìyé | tímɛ́ | díí | ńyɛ́ | bóy | |
| Dogon | Koporo-pen | Togo-Kan | gìré | súgúrú | kírⁿí | ìrⁿí | nɛ́nɛ́ | káⁿ | nɛ́ | kìrⁿí | náː | díː | ñíː ~ ñíː | bɔ́ⁿ | |
| Dogon | Songho | Mombo | gírè | súgúlí kìjìkìjì | kínjà | ínnì | nèːndé | dónì | gèːŋgé | gàːwⁿěː | tíníŋgɔ̀ | mîː | ɲɛ́ː | íní | |
| Dogon | Bangime | ɡìré | tàŋà | súmbí-rì | n nóɔ́ n síìⁿ | nóɔ́ n ʒɛ̀rí | nɔ́ɔ̀ | ʒíì | nnòɔ̀rɛ̀ | dʷàà, dʷàɛ̀ | ɥíè | dì-á | (màá) níì | ||
| Gur | Proto-Central Gur | *me (Oti-Volta, Gurunsi) | *ye (Gurunsi, Kurumfe) | *ñam, *ñim (Oti-Volta, Kurumfe) | *ʔob, *ʔo | *tɪ (Oti-Volta, Gurunsi) | *ni, *ne; *nã (Oti-Volta, Gurunsi) | *di | *yɪɗ, *yɪd (Oti-Volta, Gurunsi) | ||||||
| Gur | Kirma | yifelle / yifiŋa | tuŋu / tunni | mɛlle / miẽŋa | nyilaŋu / nyiene | dyumelle / dyumiẽŋa | nuŋu / nunni | tammã | kogwoŋu / kogonne | tibiu / tibinni | humma | w | yere | ||
| Gur | Tyurama | yisiri / yinya | twõgo / tõnya | meare / miaga | nyirogu / nyiranya | nambene / namblaga | nogu / nõnya | toama | kukugogu / kukunya | tibikugu / tibinyinya | huma | owu | yiri / yiga | ||
| Gur | Proto-Gurunsi | *s₁l | *di₂/e/o(l/n) | *mi₁/e/o | *de/u₂(l) | *no₂/i₁ | *ca | *ti₂/e | *le/a/o; *ni₂/a/o | *di₁ | *yi₂(l/d) | ||||
| Gur | Lyélé | yir / yira | zyẽ / zyã | myél / myéla | yéél / yéla | médyolo / médyaalé | nyi / nya | gyal | ku / kur | kyoo / kyémé | nẽẽ | gyu | yil / yila | ||
| Gur | Proto-Oti–Volta | *ni / *nun | *tʊ | *me | *n / *n | *lɪm / *lam; *z₂ɪ (?) | *noː | *z₁ɪm | *kob; *kpab | *yi / *tiː | *ɲa | *dɪ | *yi / *yʊ | ||
| Gur | Dagbani | nini | tiba (pl.) | nyee | nyini | zinli | noli | ʒim | kɔbili | tia | kom | di | yuli | ||
| Gur | Gourmanchéma (Fada N'Gourma) | numbu / nuni/nini | tubli / tuba | miali / miana | nyenli / nyena | lambu / landi | nyoabu / nyoane | soama | kpabli / kpaba | tibu / tidi | nyima | di | yeli / yela | ||
| Gur | Mossi [Moore] | nifu / nini | tubre / tuba | nyõre / nyüya | nyende / nyena | zilemde / zilma | nore / nwɛya | zim | kõbre / kõaba | tiɣa / tise | kom | di | yure / yuya | ||
| Gur | Frafra | nifo / nini | tʊbre / tʊba | yõore / yõa | yẽnnɛ / yẽna | zɪlɪŋa / zɪlɪsɪ | nõorɛ / nõa | zɪɪm | kõbrɛ / kõba | tɪa / tɪɪsɪ | ko'om | di | yʊ'ʊrɛ / yʊ'ʊra | ||
| Gur | Dagaare [Dagara, Dagari] | mimir / mimie | tour / tubl | nyoboɣr / nyobogɛ | nyim / nyimɛ | zel / zelɛ | nwor / nɛ̃ | zĩ | kobr / kobɛ | tiɛ / tir | kõwõ/kwõõ | di | yur / ye | ||
| Gur | Proto-Eastern Oti–Volta | *nuan- | *tuo- | *wuan- | *nin- | *dian- | *nua- | *yia- | *kuan- | *tie- | *nia- | *di- | *yi- | ||
| Gur | Bariba | nɔnu, nɔni | so ~ soa, -su | wɛ̃ru | dondu | yara, -nu | nɔɔ (pl.?) | yem | kukuru | dã̀ã̀ (pl.?) | nim | tēm̄ | yísìrū | ||
| Gur | Natioro (Timba) | ɲǎːpéjá | ɲàŋwà | mṹnṹpwã́ | ɲĩ́nã́ŋɟɛ̄ | nɛ̃́mɛ̃́sáː | pɛ́lːɛ̄ | sjã́ːmĩ́ | kàːkwà | súmwà | lwā | àʔɔ́lɪ̄ | ɲĩ́nã́ | ||
| Gur | Natioro (Niansogoni) | ɲĩ́kúpjé | jɪ̀pã̌ | mṹnũ̀kũ̌ | ɲínːáː | lámːjáː | nã́ | tə́mǎ | nã́ŋkwáː | ʃjɛ̂ | nṹmṹː | ìwɔ́nːã́ | ínːã́ | ||
| Gur | Natioro (Faniagara) | ɲã́pʊ̀ːnã́ | ífwã̀nã́ | ʔṹnṹfã̀nã́ | ĩ́ndáːnã̀ | nĩ́ŋsáːnã̄ | nã́ːnã̀ | tímĩ́nĩ́ | kʊ́kánã̄ | síːkénã́ | nĩ́mĩ́nĩ̀ | ɛ̀wòlòjɛ́ | ínã́ːnã̄ | ||
| Gur | Moyobe | mɛnɪ́bɛ̀ / ɪ̀nɪ́bɛ̀ | kùtù / àtù | tíŋwáyí / áŋwáyí | tìní, kùní / aní | tìlénbí / àlénbí | ńnɔ́ɔ̀ / ínɔ́ɔ̀ | ményɛ́ / ányɛ́ | kúkɔ́hɔ́ / ákɔ́hɔ́ | kùléé / àléé | mɪ́nɪ̀ | li / lè | tìnyírì / ànyírì | ||
| Gur | Kulango (Bouna) | piege / piewu | tengu / tenu | saŋa / sãum | kaɣangbo / kaɣam | delengbo / delemu | nɔɔɣɔ / nuom | tuɔm | zukukpo / zukum | diɛkɔ / diɛnu | yɔkɔ | dɪ | yukɔ / yum | ||
| Gur | Tiefo | éjú | ēnɑ̃́tō | ēmɛ́ʔɛ́ | kɔ̃́ʔɔ̃́ | mʲɔ̃̄ | ēnwɔ̃́ʔɔ̃́ | ɟɑ̄lɑ̄, tɾɔ̃̄ | kɑ̄ūʔù | ʃɪ̃́ʔɪ́ | éjɛ́ | ||||
| Gur | Viemo (Diosso) | gĩ́ːɾɔ̀ | cũ̄ljɔ̀ | mūmúɾō | kɑ̃́ːdɔ̄ | lɑ̃́ːtīɾɔ̄ | ŋɑ̃́ | kjíːmō | fūfūɾɔ́ | sóbò | númōɔ | nũ̄ɔ̃ | índō | ||
| Gur | Viemo (Soumaguina) | ɟĩ́ɾɔ̄ | tuĩ́jɔ̄ | mūmṹɾɔ̄ | kɑ̃̄ːnɔ̄ | lɑ̃́tīɾɔ̄ | ɲɑ̄ | tíɛ̄mɔ̄ | fúfūɾɔ̄ | sóbɔ̀ | númɔ̄ | jṹnũ̄ɔ̃̄kɛ̀ | ĩ́dɔ̄ | ||
| Gur | Samo, Maka (Toma) | jǐ | to | ɲɛ̃ | sɔ | lɛwɔ | lɛ | mɑ̀ | wɛ | mú | dɑ | ɑ̀mɑ́mbíː | |||
| Gur | Samo, Matya (Kouy) | jɛrːɛ | toro | jiːni | sɔ̃ːnɛ | nɛnɛ | lɛ | mɪjɑ̀ | jɛrɛ | mú | dɑ́ | ɑnebɑ́rè | |||
| Gur | Samo, Maya (Bounou) | ɲoːnì; jɛrɛ | toro | ɲinijɛrɛ | so | leːnè | lɛ | mɑ̌ | jɑre | mu | dɑ | ɑfɑ́bjèrè | |||
| Gur | Téén | hinbiye / hinbu | tenike / tenu | mɪtɪyaka / mɪtɪyɔ | kamaka / kaamʊ | delenge / delemu | nʊfɪya / nʊfɪyɔ | tɔbɔ (pl) | kpoloko / kpolowo | dɪyaa / dɪwɔ | ɔkɔ / ɔwɔ | dɪ | yɪraa / yɪrɔ | ||
| Gur | Toussian, South [Win] | nyi / nyɛ | nigi / ni | mene / menenã | nyin / nyinɛ | nampar / namparnã | ṽiãʔ-lɛ / ṽiɛ-nɛ̃ | tõ | kəgbeke / kəgbal | sesuo-lɛ / sesar-lɛ | nĩ | nyõ | nyin | ||
| Gur | Toussian, North (Guéna-Kourignon) | nyi / nyɔ | ni/nãn / ninã/nœnnã | mle / mlənã | nyen / nyennã | nenpüœra | via/ṽiã / wẽy | tiõ/tõ | kəble / kəblenâ | sepwel / sepyi | |||||
| Gur | Siamou [Sɛmɛ] | nya/nyábí/nyábi | tà-syẽ̀ / tàsyẽ̀ | már | nyèn / nyěn | dɛ / dɛ́ | kõ̀ / kẽ | tṍ | kpár / kpar | timõ / timẽ | nũ | di | ỹi | ||
| Gur | Mambar | nyíí / nyíî | nyuweŋ / nyuwɛyɛ | munna / munnaʔa | gã / gãʔa | nyire / nyiree | nyu / nyüyi | ʃiʃi | katyiɣe / katyiye | ʃiɣe / ʃire | loeʔoe | di | mbaɣe / mbɛyɛ | ||
| Gur | Senar (Kankalaba) | nyini / nyinyẽy | nupaɣa / nupay | funan / funãge | gẽ/gan / gãgẽ | nyini / nyirke | nyuɣu / nyuy | sisyẽkɛ | kayige / katyiye | tiɣe / tĩyi/tĩr | Dogo | di | mɛɣɛ | ||
| Gur | Tenyer | yɛde/yade / yɛgyɛ/yagyɛ | dyigi / dyii | mənɛ / məligɛ | nkan / nhagal | nyinkan / nyẽhegal | nye / nyey | tuno | kyilige / kyileri | katyigi / katyir | lɔgɔ | di | migɛ / mii | ||
| Adamawa | Baa | Baa | nu(ví) / rínù | ǹtú / ríǹtú | gyo̰ / rigyó̰ | nyanwívì / rí- | dyḛǹ(vì) | nyààvì | twèèn | kukút | mán | kii / rikii | gyâ | zin | |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Proto-Jen (Proto-Bikwin-Jen) | *núŋ | *tswi | *lúr(i) | *le | *ɗək; (*lyəN) | *ɲwa | *ɥe/*zwi | *kub | *kəb | *mɛ/*mɨŋ | *tə́ŋ | *lɨn/*ɗwín | |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Burak (Ɓʊʊrak) | núŋ | twíi ? | lúúri | lée | ɗá̰k | nyúwaa, nywaa | wɪ́ɪ́ | kúb, kúp ? | mɛ́ɛ́ | ɗít / yéɗit | tá̰ŋ | lín̄ | |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Galdemaru | Loo (Shʊŋɔ) | ɛrɛ nuŋ | twɪ́ɪ́ | lúúrì | lei | ɗak | nywa | dùm | kúp | mɛ́ɛ́ | ɗít | táŋ | nin |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Waamura | Loo (Shʊŋɔ) | ɛrɛ nuŋ | twɪ́ɪ́ | lúúrì | lei | ɗak | nywa | dùm | kúp | mɛ́ɛ́ | káp | táŋ | nin |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Maɣdi (Tala) | núŋ / yéénuŋ | cwéé | luuli | léí | ɗák | nyuwaa | ywee | kób, kúób / yéé kób | míshì | káp / yéékáp | taŋ | lin | |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Panya | Lee Mak | nuŋ | dɔkswíì | ɗuurə | lei | lén | nuwaa | lyüé | kóp | mui kya | kap / yeekâp | táŋ | ɗín |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Zoo | Lee Mak | nuŋ | (ɗɔ́k)shwìyè | ɗuurə | lei | lén | nuwa | lyüé | kúóp | mwui kya | kàp | táŋ | ɗin |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Kya̰k (Bambuka) | núŋ | ɗɔ́kswì | ɗúr | lɛ́ɛ́ | ɗyím | ŋwaà | zwìì | kəkəp | mùŋ | káp | táŋ | ɗwín | |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Mɔɔ (Gomu) | nə́ŋ | ɗɔ́kfíì | ɗúr | lɛ́ɛ́ | ɗyík | ŋwaa | zìì | kúp | mùŋ kwâm | kaap | taŋ | ɗwín | |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | LeeLau (Munga, Munga Leelau) | núŋ | ɗɔkswî | ɗurr, ndurr | léí | lyén | ŋwaà | zìì | kukup; (kʊkʊp ?) | munki | kâp | tâŋ | ɗún | |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Kaigama | Dza (Jen) | nə́ŋ | tshwötshwí | bwaadjwí | djìì | lʌ̰́ | nnwâ | hywṵi, hywḭ | kʊʊkʊ́, kʊkʊ́ | mmə́ŋ | kɐ́ɐ / ekʌ́(ʌ) | táŋ, tháŋ | djwuŋ |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Munga (Məngaŋ) Doso | nəŋ | cúcwì | kádwì | íì | lyêm | ŋwàà | ehywü; (exwü) | kúkwə̀ | məŋ tsər | kaa / lékaa | tâŋ | ɗyíìŋ | |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Joole | nə́ŋ / ee- | tʃwü tʃwí | nwá̰ dwí | jì(ì) (calabash) | lʌ́ | ká̰ nw̰á̰ | hṵ̈̀ḭ̀ | kùkú | mə́ŋ | kʌ́ / èèkʌ́ | táŋ | dzuŋ | |
| Adamawa | Bikwin-Jen | Joole Manga | Jòòle | bwàà nù | bwaa tywi | bwàà dṵ̀ | gigi | láŋ | kányua | vi (?) | kúkú | míkyá | nyááká / nyááká búbáí | tà̰à̰ | dumà |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Wɪya, Waja, Wajan Kasa | nuŋè | twɪ́yaʊ | boocu | nwii | bɛnɛ | nɪyaʊ | tumà | kuu | gundù | sou | jɛ | dənè | |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Deeri, Wajan Dutse | Waja | gɔn niŋi | podou / podoru | ||||||||||
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Wange | Kutule, Tula | kwalaŋɛ / kwalaŋi | kətɛ́ɛ́lɛ̀ / kətɛ́ɛ́lɪ | cʊʊn / cʊʊni | kunuwaŋ / nǔǔm, tunuri | ben / beni | yii / yiini | kʊtʊm | kətiyaŋ / tətiini | mwɛ̀ / mwɛti | tíyaŋ / tííní | cáú ~ ʃáú | dən / dimbi |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Baule | Tula | nù / núl | kə̀tɛ́ɛ́lɛ̀ / kə̀tɛ́ɛ́lɪ̀ | sʊ́ʊ́n / sʊ́ʊ́nɪ́, sʊ́ŋə́n | kə́núwáŋ / núúm, tə́núri | been / bééni | yí / yiiní | kʌtùùm | kətiyá námáŋ / tətiini náiyé | mwɛ̀ | kətíyá / tətííní | saʊ; sa (mwàn) | də́n / də́mbí |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Yili (Yiri) | Tula | nuù / nuuto | kətɛ́ɛ́lɪ / kətɛ́ɛ́nɪ́ | ʃʊ́ʊ́l / ʃʊ́ʊ́wɪ̀ | kunuuŋ / nuum | bííl / bííwí | yii / yiiní | kʊtʊʊ̀m | kukúkó / tukútó | mwɛ | tiyaŋ / tiini | caʊ̀; ca (mwân) | diń / dimən |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Yebu, Awak | núŋí | bwaará | suur ~ sʊʊr | nuŋún | beén | nìí | tuum | kuukú | mwê; mwɛ̀ | tii | sáb | duń | |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Baŋjiŋe, Bangwinji | nuwe / nuwetini | tuù / tuuní | ʃóór, cóór | nuǹ / nuǹtini | bien / bienni ? | nyii / nyiini | bwiyalɛ̀ | kúk / kútí | mwɛ́m | tu / tum | câm | dén | |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Dadiya | nuu / nuutin | lɔɔ̀l | jʊl | núŋùn | ben | níyò / níyétìn | tʊ́ʊ́m | kuto | mwḛ̂ | tiyà / tiyàntin | jáá | dùń | |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Maa, Kamo | núŋé | kúmó | cóór | nugun | bén̄ | nyiyé | tʊ́ʊ́m | kúúbú | mwɛ́ | nyáŋlá | dágʊ́m (wúrgé) | dìń | |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Kindiyo | Dijim, Cham | kʌmɪ / kámtɛ | suu; suwoŋ | jʊ̀r, jʊ̀ʊ̀r | nuŋun / nuŋtɛ́ | lʌŋər / laŋtɛ́ | nyʷii / nyʷiini | dʊ̀gʊ́m | kuk / kute | híí | riyaŋ / riitɛ | jau | dun / duntɛ̀ |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Mɔna | Bwilim, Cham | nu / nute | getuwaŋ / getuwai | taanù / taantɔ́ʊ́ | bemnù / bemtou | nyii / nyiini | gə̀mí | záà | |||||
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Suwabou | Tso | nuŋ / nuntóú | wɔɔnʊ́ / wɔɔntáú | nyulóónù / nyulóóntù | nunu / núntòù | lameno / lamtʊ̀ | nyii / nyiini | dɔɔ̀m | tsá / tseni | láà / laátóú | tsá / tsenì | za | dín / díntòù |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Gusubo | Tso | nùŋ / nùntù | fə̀là / fə̀lààni | dətəmòròù / tə̀tə̀mòtòù | taanʊ̀ / taantú | béémnó / béémtóú | nyii / nyiini | tsá / tseni | la / latóú | tsá / tsénì | zaà | dín / díntú | |
| Adamawa | Tula-Waja | Barbou | Tso | dʊ̀m | tsá / tsáni | yìbè / laátóú | |||||||||
| Adamawa | isolate | Jalaa | dyiríì / dyitə̂ | buŋôŋ | yamə-r / yamə-ta | tənəm / tənemté̩ | laŋe̩r / laŋté̩ | bo̩o̩, bwo̩ / bo̩o̩-ní | bwiirùm | kùsì-gò̩ / -nìó | gwìì-ràŋ, gwìì-ròŋ / -tè̩ | mwê̩ | hâl | nuŋ kúlájí; kwáráŋ wò̩gə́n ? | |
| Adamawa | Longuda | Cerii (Ceriŋ, Banjiram) | nyʊ̰lá / nyʊ̰ʔá | thʊ́lá / thwíyá | dɔ́ŋkhá / dɔ́ŋthá | gàràlá / gará | dhilimkha / dhilimtha | nyàkhá / nyàthá | thùmá | kwacalá / kwacáá | mámá | thíká / thímá | dhà | zííndé / zíné | |
| Adamawa | Longuda | Deele (Jessu) | nyʊ̀ʊ̀là / nyʊ̀ʊ̀lʔà | tʊ́là / twáʔà | jɔ́ɔ́(ŋ)khà / jɔ́ɔ́(ŋ)thà | galáwa / galáhà | dhələ́mkhà | nyàkà | thʊ́mà; surmə̀ | kukubə́lə̀ / kukubə́ʔə̀ | mámà | thikhà | já, jáʔà | jááunla / jááunʔà | |
| Adamawa | Longuda | Koola (Thaarʊ) | nyʊ̰lá | tʊ́lá / twáʔá | zɔɔŋkha | gàlàwá / gàlàhá | dələmka | nyalá / nyaʔá | tʊmá | tsakəbla / tsakəbʔa | mama | thíká | zà ; zà nyoomò | dəmla / dəmʔá | |
| Adamawa | Longuda | Guyuk | Wala Lunguda | nyuŋlá | thʊ́wá / thwáá | joonka | garala / garaʔa / | zilimkha | nyakhá | tumá, thuma | kwaca, kwacalá | mámá | thíkhá | jà | zindè / zinè |
| Adamawa | Longuda | Gwaanda (Nyuwar) | nyṵnla | zingala / zingaʔa | jɔ̰ŋka | nyile / nyiʔe | dhilimka | nyàkà / nyàthà | sirme | kwacala / kwacaʔa | mama, dwaama | waha̰ka / waha̰ma | dháà | dzaunla; dziiŋle | |
| Adamawa | Longuda | Gwaanda | nyṵlà | dzíngálá | jónká | nyúlə́ | dhílímká | súrmá, súrmé ? | kwàcàlà / kwàcàà | mámá, dwàmà | wàhàkà | dà; thà | dzínlə́ | ||
| Adamawa | Bena-Mboi | Dumne | Ɓəna (Yungur) | núú / nṵ́ṵ́sâ | gwḛ́ḛ́ / gwḛ́ḛ́mé | tímrá / címtá | ɗə́fá / ɗə́mtá | ɗəlmaarà / ɗəlmaatà | ʔéé / ʔéémé | kẃadmá | tə́fá / tə́ptá | mbraá | ɓota / nbwece | kə́fə́ | ɗənda / ɗənta |
| Adamawa | Bena-Mboi | Pirambe | Ɓəna (Yungur) | núú / nṵ́ṵ́śa | gwe / gweme | tímrá / tímtá | ɗə́mbá / ɗə́mtá | ɗəlmaarà / ɗəlmaatà | ʔḛḛ / ʔéémé | munma | tə́fá / tə́ptá | mbərá / mbəramsî | ɓota / nɓétè | kə́fə́ | ɗənda / ɗənta |
| Adamawa | Bena-Mboi | Waltaandi | Voro | núú / núúza | gwḛ́ḛ́ / gwḛ́ḛ́mé | tímrá / tímtá | ɗə́mbá / ɗə́mtá | ɗəlḿáará / ɗəlḿáatá | ʔḛḛ / ʔḛ́ḛ́mé | kẃadmá, mùnmà | tə́fá / tə́ptá | mbráá [muwa ?] | ɓòtà / ŋbété | kə́fə́ | ɗə́ndá / ɗə́ntá |
| Adamawa | Bena-Mboi | Ɓéttandi | Voro | kẃadmá | tə́fá / tə́ptá | mbra̰a̰ | ɓòtà / ŋbété | kə́fə́ | ɗə́ndá / ɗə́ntá | ||||||
| Adamawa | Bena-Mboi | Bodei (Bodwai) | Ɓəna (Laala) | nuú / nuujà | gwḛḛ / gwḛḛmé | timrá / timtá, timté | ɗəmbá / ɗəmtá | ɗə̀lmààrà / ɗə̀lmààtà | nyḛ́ḛ́ / nyḛ́ḛ́mé | bòblà / bòbjà | təpa / təutá | mbrá̰à̰ / mbráámjà | ɓotá / ngwaaté | jeè | ɗíndá / ɗíntá |
| Adamawa | Bena-Mboi | Yang | Ɓəna (Laala) | nuú / nùùzà | gwɛ̰ɛ̰ / gwɛ̰ɛ̰mé | tìmrá / tìmtí | ɗimbá / ɗimtá | ɗilmará / ɗilmaatá | ḛ̀yḛ́ / ḛ̀yḛ̀mé | mónmá | təfá / tòùtá | bərà̰à̰ | ɓotá / ngwbaté | kəwə́ | díndá / díntá |
| Adamawa | Bena-Mboi | Robma (Laala Roba) | nuu / nuuwà | gwee / gweemé | tìmrá / tìmtí | ɗimbá / ɗimtá | dilmará / dilmatá | ḛḛ́ / eḛ́msà | monma | təfá / təfáámse | bura / buráámsà | ɓotá / ngbaté | sewò | dinda / dinta | |
| Adamawa | Bena-Mboi | Gulungo | Mboi | ɗəmbó / ɗìmda | aʔəhḛ | matəma | ngɔdɔ́ / angedé | ndià / ndiidà | |||||||
| Adamawa | Bena-Mboi | Livo | Mboi | núú / núúźa | tṵṵ̀ / tṵṵzà | ifiya / ifita | dúmbó / dimtà | lemiya / lemta | ahʔhi / ʔhimza | matəma | tutto / acicé | mbiya | ngɔ́tɔ́ / ángété | ʒé | ndíà / ndiità |
| Adamawa | Bena-Mboi | Haanda | Mboi | nuu / nuuzà | tuŋ / atʃw̄i | rifḛḛrà / rifḛḛtà | dúmbó / dimtà | leembərà / leemtà | ahʔhḭ̀ / mbai hímzà | mátə́má | túftò / atʃúfè | mbra | ŋbótó / aŋbécè | zé | ndera / ndərtata |
| Adamawa | Bena-Mboi | Kaan (Libo) | sunu / (sunuḿa) | twḭ / twiiḿa | shimbə́r / shimbətəmá | təmbər / təmbərmâ | ɗəlaamíì / ɗəlaamííʔóó | ʔii / ʔiim | morúm | təfəra / təfətəmá | barə̀m | mərə̂m / mərəməmá | zə́ | ndə̀r / ndərmá | |
| Adamawa | Yendang | Bali | ní | tɛ́ | sɛ́ | síbí | ŋwɛ́lɛ | ɲɛ́ | míɗɛnɛ́ | kṹɓí | tí | mí | mò[k] | lím | |
| Adamawa | Yendang | Kpasham | núɛ̃́ | wàswé | ɲɛ́swɛ́ | síbí | ŋwɔ́le | ɲɛ́ | mídwíne | kũ̀bi | sí | mí | mɔk | nə̌ŋ | |
| Adamawa | Yendang | Yoti | dóo | tóo | sɔ́ɔ̃́ | ʃúu | wúlɛ̀ | ɲâ | dii | kúnwí | tí | mii | mòk | níŋ | |
| Adamawa | Yendang | Yandang | nɔk | tòk | ɲánsũ | rùk | lɛka | ɲǎk | le | kún | dĩ̀hĩ̀ | mí | mogí | inaŋ | |
| Adamawa | Mumuye | Proto-Mumuye | *nu-ng, *nung; *gí-ǹg | *co-V, *coo | *su-ng, *sung | *tná-li/-ri | *ɗè-V/ng-ti | *nyaa | *kpa-V̀; *zing, *zi-ng | *ka (redup.), *kak-V | *mi-V, *mii, *min ? | *la-V, *laa | *caa | *ríǹg, *rí-ǹg | |
| Adamawa | Mumuye | Mumuye (Zing) | nung | shoo | sung | tnári | rèétè | nyaa | kpaà | kaka | mee | laa | shaa | ríńg | |
| Adamawa | Kam | Din Kamaajin | Nyiŋɔm (Kam) | ànùŋ | àkàr | àmə̀ràk | àshàg / àshàgìyo | àlímə́ní | ŋwé | wò | àkùb | mə̀ŋ káŋá | bàl / bàl yo | nìm; nəm níì (imp.) | |
| Adamawa | Vere | Jango | nɔ́ru / nɔ́ī | tóŋ / tónnun | míŋ; míŋ̄ / mínnùŋ | núúrù / núúi | mbéélu / mbéī | ndáŋ̄ / ndántun | kpa'arú / kpaˀatɛ́ | rɛ́ndúkú / rɛ́ndɛ́ | máŋ / mántúŋ | rák / ratú | rɛɛ kóp | ríírú / rííté | |
| Adamawa | Vere | Jango (Southern) | nɔ́ru / nɔ́(t)tí | míŋ̄ / mínnùŋ | núúrù / núúyì | mbéélu / mbéétɛ́ | ndáŋ̄ / ndántùŋ | kpààˀru / kpàˀɛ | rɛɛŋ | ||||||
| Adamawa | Vere | Were | nǒrrō | tōn(g) | mi(n)(g) | nūī (pl.) | bēlō | dǎ(n)(g) | pǎrū | gaemām | |||||
| Adamawa | Vere | Batəm | nɔr / nɔˀ | tok / toˀ | míˀ / miin | núúr / núˀ | mɛ́ɛ́l / mɛ́ˀté | súˀ / sut | kwaal / kwaaˀ | niŋg / nin | maam / máámə̀t | teh / tɛt | règùm; rɛ̀ká | ríˀír / ríˀtɛ | |
| Adamawa | Vere | Momi | nɔ̀r / nɔ̀ˀ | tɔ̀k / tɔ̀ˀˀ | mii / miin | nùùr / nùùˀ | meel / meeli | suu / suut | kpààl / kpaai | nènk / nèn | máàm / máŋ̀bət | tè / tèt | règùm; rɛ̀ká; rèèká | ríír / rííti | |
| Adamawa | Vere | Vɔkba | nɔr / nɔˀti | tok / torum | nik (?) | núˀ | mɛ́l | súˀ | kòàl | néŋ / néŋti | mám | tɛˀ / tɛtə | regɨm | ríí | |
| Adamawa | Vere | Wɔmmu | nɔ́r / núɔ́ | tór / tóó (tʋ́r) | míí / mííne | nuurə̀/ núútə́ | míɛ́le / mɛ́ɛ́té ~ míɛ́té | dóbʒɩ̀ / dówwi | kwaalə / kwaasə | nɛ́ŋkə / nɛ́nté | máám | tɛ́ɛ́ / tɛ́tə | rɛgum kwɔ́ú | níìr / nííté | |
| Adamawa | Vere | Nissim | nɔ́ɔ́l / núɔ́ | tóól / tɔ́ɔ́tə́ | míí / mííne | núúlə / núúté | mɛɛ́lə / mɛɛ́té | dóbzə/ dóbpe | kpaalə / kpaate | neŋke / neŋte | máám , máám bonúm àm | tɛ́ɛ́ / tɛ́tə | lem kúɔ́; lekə | níllə / níttə́ | |
| Adamawa | Vere | Eilim | nɔ́l / nɔ́ɔ́ | tól / tóó | míí / míímtə̀ | núúl / núúté | mɛɛ́l / mɛɛ́té | dám / damderei | kpaal / kpaatə | mám̀ | tɛ́ɛ̄ | lem kúɔ́; lekə | líllə / níttə́ | ||
| Adamawa | Vere | Kobom | nɔ́rì / nɔ́ɔ́ | tókù / tóó | mí / míímītī | núúrì / nuute | mɛ́ɛ́ni / mɛ́té | dám / dámtíréí | mɛɛm | nɛ́ŋkù / nɛ́ŋté | tɛ́ / tɛ́ti | réí; rékɔ́ | rííri / rííté | ||
| Adamawa | Vere | Vɔmnəm | nɔr / nɔɔ | tukò / tuŋbərəm | míì / míìm | nuurò / nuute | mɛɛlò / mɛɛte | súú / sútò | kwaalò / kwaasò | nɛ́ŋkò / nɛŋté | maàm | tɛɛ / tɛɛtə | rɛm; rɛkò | niirò / niite | |
| Adamawa | Vere | Damtəm | nuɔ̀l / nuɔ̀rɛ | tɔ́l / tɔrɛ, tɔɔtɛ | míl / mííté | núl / núúte | mɛl / mɛɛte | dám / damtər | kpaal / kpaaʃe | lyɛngə̀ / lɛŋsyɛ | tii / tiitə̀ | nʌ́l / nʌʌtə́ | |||
| Adamawa | Vere | Gəunəm-Yar (Gə-Yarəm) | nual / nuare | cul / curie, tuure | míəl / mííré | núúl / núúré | míál / mɛ́re | dám / dámdə́ | kpàal/ kpààsə̀də̀ | nyáŋsə́l / nyáŋsé, nyáŋgə | mám | lau / lasə | lìní kúə́; lìə̀- kúə́ | lə́l / lérə | |
| Adamawa | Vere | Gə-Lim | nual / nuarie | túl / túríé | míil / mííré | nuul / nuurie | mɛ́rl / mɛ́ɛ́rɛ̄ | dám / dámdə́ | kpaal / kpaarie | nyángə́ | mám | láú / lásə́ | lìní; lìə̀- kúʌ́ | lʌl / lʌʌrie | |
| Adamawa | Gəmnəm | Beiya | nol / nootə | tol / tootə | mííl / míítə | núŋlə̄ / núŋ | mɛ́ɛ́l / mɛ́ɛ́tə | nok / noŋtə | meem / meemtə | néngə, nɛ́ngə / néŋzə, nɛ́ŋzə | má:m / máámtə̄ | téé / teete | liiná ; lìì kɔ́p | nííl / níítə | |
| Adamawa | Gəmnəm | Gindoo | nɔl | tol | míl | nɨŋ́ lə | mɛ́l | nɔk | mem | nɨŋ́ ə / nɨŋ́ gə | mám | teˀ/ tetə | níl | ||
| Adamawa | Gəmnəm | Riitime | nɔ́lé / nɔ́ˀɔ́ | tólé / tóˀó | mííle / mííˀe | lúŋle / lúŋe | méle / méˀē | nogúsa / nóŋté | mēēmē | léngo / léŋē | máámē / mámte | téˀé / tété | lii kóóp | lə́lē / lə́ˀə | |
| Adamawa | Gəmme | Gəmme | nólé / nóˀɛ́ | tólé / tóˀó | míhˀle / míhˀie | níŋlē / níŋē | méhˀle / méhyē | yòlé / yòé | míímé | níngē / níŋmē | memˀe | téˀé / teˀnē | lee lená | nímlē / nímē | |
| Adamawa | Gəmme | Baanma | nɔla / nɔˀɔ | toga, toˀga / toˀma | míhla / míˀi | níŋla / níŋa | mɛ́hla / mɛˀɛ | yòla / yòˀo | miima / miimda | nɨŋ́ ga / nɨ́ŋma | mema / memda | teˀɛ/ teˀna | lee lená | nɨḿ la / nɨḿ a | |
| Adamawa | Doyayo | Doyayo | lɔ¹lɛ¹ ~ yɔ̰¹lɛ¹ | tɔ̰n¹ɛ¹ | mḭḭl²; gɔ̰ɔ̰s²ɛ³ | nuŋ⁴go² | mɛlɛ³² | ya̰a̰¹yɔ¹ | ga̰a̰⁴mɛ² | lɛ̰ŋ³ko² ~ lɛ̰ŋ²ko³ | mɛ¹mɛ³ | tɛ̰ɛ̰¹yɔ¹ | le², lek¹yɔ¹ | nuŋ² | |
| Adamawa | Fali | Proto-Fali | *nisu (pl.) | *tuuyV; *tuuCV | *unɨ | *rɛɛŋgu | *ndʒĩĩmV | *kopfti | *sɔɔ- | *rii- | *ĩn- (v.) | ||||
| Adamawa | Mbum | Proto-Lakka | *nún | *sú-k | *cɔN-k | *sˣɛl/ŋ | *rím | *nɟá-k | *sˣɛ́-m | *hū-t/-k | *kpə̀(-k) | *mbì | *lʳak | *rìn | |
| Adamawa | Kim | Goundo | ndʊɾʊ | huba | vw̃ãl | ɲu̯aɾ | ɗɛl | wʊ | tʃʊm | kal | mam | ura | dʒam | jɛmi | |
| Adamawa | Kim | Besmé | ndua | hoɾo | vũãl | hĩjɪm | ɗelɛm | wu | tʃɔm | kaːl | mam | ura | dʒʊ̝m | dĩː | |
| Adamawa | Kim | Kosop | Kim | ndʷaɾa | togor | vɔ̝̃r | kĩj̃ar | ɗɛl | wak ̚ | sɔma | kal | mam | ʔwaɾa | za | dĩːl |
| Adamawa | Day | Day | nɔ́n | sɔ́g | mbúr | ngìì | lélì/lélè/lèè | nām | dém | bō̰ | ʔém | mīɲ | -rì, lāà | jōō | |
| Adamawa | Bua | Proto-Bua | *diil; *ʔiil | *to(l)(-) | *fo̰/ḛl/ɲ(-) ? | *nii(-); *ɲ- ? | *l₁el(-) | *mu/i | *s₂e/um(-) / *s₂ḛr- | *te/o(l/g-) | *l₂i/um(-); *me/on- ? | *l₁e; *tu(y) | *l₂iil | ||
| Adamawa | isolate | Laal | mɨla / mɨní | sɨ̀gál / sɨ̀gɨ́y | pən / - | yàmál / yèmí | mal / mə̀lí | yəwəl / - | suna / - | kòːg / kuagmi | miàdál / miàr ~ miariɲ | su / sùgá | kaw / kɨw; ɲag / ɲɨg; guru / guru; cíd / cíd | meːl / - | |
| Ubangian | Gbaya | Proto-Gbaya | *gbà.l̥í/l̥í | *zɛ̀rà | *zɔ̰̀p | *ɲín | *léɓé ~ lémbè | *nú | *tɔ̀k | *gbà̰là̰ | *l̥ì | *tè | *ɲɔŋ/l̥i | *l̥ín ~ l̥íŋ | |
| Ubangian | Gbaya | Gbaya Bodoe | gbà.yík/yík | zèr | zɔ̀k | ɲín | léɓé | nú | tɔ̀k | gbàɲà | yì | tè | ɲɔŋ/yi | ɲín | |
| Ubangian | Gbaya | Gbaya Biyanda | gbà.lí/lí | zàlà | zɔ̀ | yínì | lémbè | nú | tɔ̀k | gbàlà | lì | tè | yɔŋ | líŋ | |
| Ubangian | Gbaya | Gbeya | gbà.rí/rí | zɛ̀rà | zɔ̰̀p ~ zɔ̰̀fɔ̰̀ | ɲín | lép ~ léfé | nú | tɔ̰̀k | gbà̰rà̰ | rì | tè | ɲɔŋ/ri | ɲín | |
| Ubangian | Gbaya | Manza | l̥ī | zàrà | zɔ̰̀ | gòkò | lɛ̀fɛ̀ | nū | tɔ̀ | gbà̰l̥à̰ | l̥ì | tè | ɲɔŋɔ | l̥ī | |
| Ubangian | Gbaya | Mbodomo | lí | zàrà | zɔ̀p | ɲíní | lémbé | nú | ngíà | gbàlà | lì | tì | ɲɔŋ | líŋ | |
| Ubangian | Gbaya | Bangando | gbà.lí/lí | jàlà | jɔ̀ | ɲíì | ɗàmbè | nú | mbɛ́ | gbàà | lì | tè | ɲɔŋgi/li | lí | |
| Ubangian | Gbaya | Bofi | gbà.lī/lī | zàrà | zɔ̰̀ | ? | lēmbé | nū | tɔ̀ʔɔ̀ | gbàlà | lì | tè | ɲɔŋ | líŋ | |
| Ubangian | Ngbandi | Sango | lɛ́ | mɛ́ | hɔ̰́ | pēmbē | mēngā | yángá | mɛ́nɛ̄ ~ ménē | bìō | ngú | kɛ̄kɛ̄ ~ kēkē | tɛ̀ | īrī | |
| Ubangian | Ngbandi | Yakoma | lɛ̄ | mɛ̄ | hɔ̰̄ | tɛ̰̄ | (lì.)mɛ̄ngá | ɲɔ̄, yāngā | mɛ́rɛ́ | bỳō | ngú | kɛ̄kɛ̄ | tɛ̀ | ʔīrī | |
| Ubangian | Ngbandi | Kpatiri | lá | mɛ́ | hɔ̄ | tɛ́ | mīngā.ɲɔ̄ | ɲɔ̄ | mɛ́lɛ̄ | bì | ngú | wì | tɛ̀ | īrī | |
| Ubangian | Baka | Ngbaka Mabo | zí.là/là | zḛ̀- | hṵ̄ | tḛ̄- | mīnī- | mò- | nzḛ̄- | kúà- | ngó | náā | hō̰ | ʔēlē- | |
| Ubangian | Baka | Monzombo | là- | zḛ̀ | ɲō̰ | tḛ̄- | mī | mò- | nzḛ̄ | bēyè | ngó | ló | zō̰ | ʔē | |
| Ubangian | Baka | Gbanzili | là/lí.là | zè | ʔō̰, ŋwū | tɛ́- ~ té- | mīlī ~ mēlē | mò- | nzɛ̄ | kúà- | ngó | ná | zɔ̄ | yēlē | |
| Ubangian | Baka | Baka | là- | jɛ̀- | ɓàngà- | tɛ̄- | mī(l)- | mò- | njɛ̄, māndā | békè | ngō | lō | jō | ʔē- | |
| Ubangian | Baka | Mayogo | jǐlà/bólà | -jɛ́ | (w)ó | -tɛ́ | -mí | -bú | ngɔ́tɛ́ | běkì | -ngú | ndùlá | -zō | -lé | |
| Ubangian | Baka | Mundu | jíà/rràgó | gó.jɛ̀ | gò | tɛ́ | mí | kɔ́.mò | ngɔ́tɛ́ | bíkì | ngú | rró | zózò | írí | |
| Ubangian | Mba | Ndunga-le | và-/bùlá- | jɔ̀mbɔ́- | mbētú- | tɛ́- | mí- | mó- | ɓíndá- | ɓéɓé | ngó- | gá- | -zɔ́- | ɗe- | |
| Ubangian | Mba | Mba-ne | lá-/sí- | jɔ̄mbɔ̄- | hɔ̄mbɔ̀- | tɛ́- | mí- | cé-, mbɔ̀cɔ̀- | zí- | ɓēɓē | ngó- | gá- | zɔ̄- | ɗé- | |
| Ubangian | Mba | Dongo-ko | lɔ̀-/sīē- | gyê | ŋù- | tɛ̀- | lyò- | mò- | nzì- | ɓèɓè | ngó- | pá- | zó- | lì- | |
| Ubangian | Mba | Ama-lo | -fá-/-kúmbú- | -sí- | -wá̰- | -sɛ́- | -mɛ́- | -mú- | -kúkú- | ngátī- | -ngù- | -ngbúgà | sú- | -lí- | |
| Ubangian | Sere | Sere | rɔ̄ | tè | hɔ̀ | tì | mɛ̀ | nzɛ̄ | zùmù | kpɔ̀kpɔ́ | ngɔ̄ | mú | zɔ̀ | mà | |
| Ubangian | Sere | Bare | vʌ̄.lō/tì.ló | sù | ŋò | vʌ̄.tì | mè | nzō | mvēlē | kʊ.ɓílì | ngō | ngʊ́ | zà | lè | |
| Ubangian | Banda | Lìndá | àlà/ēcī | ə̄tū | ngāwɨ̄ | ə̄ʒī | tīmà | àmà | ə̄njī | gbābī | ə́ngú | āyɔ̄ | zɨ̄ | ʔɨ̄rɨ̄ | |
| Ubangian | Banda | Yàngere | làlà/cīcī | tūtū | màwō | zīzī | tìmè | màmà | njīnjī | gbēbī | ngúngú | ndōjō (~ njōjō ?) | zē | ʔērē | |
| Ubangian | Banda | Ngàò | àlà/cícī | ūtū | màwū, ūwū | īʒī | tīmà | àmà | īnjī | gbāgbī | úngú | ōyō | zī | ʔīrī | |
| Ubangian | Banda | Vàrà | àlà/cácū | ōtū | ngāwū | ēʒī | tīmà | àmà | ə̄njī | gbābī | ə́ngú | āyɔ̄ | zɨ̄ | ʔārā | |
| Ubangian | Banda | Wójò | àlà/cɛ́cū | ūtū | ṵ̄w̰ṵ̄ | kājī | tāmbī | àmà | (ʒ)īʒī | gbābī | úngú | (y)ōyō | zɨ | ērē | |
| Ubangian | Banda | Dákpá | àlà/cácū | ōtū | ə̄wū | ə̄ʒī | tīmà | àmà | ə̄ʒī | gbābī | ə́ngú | ndɔ̄gɔ̄rɔ̄ | zɨ̄ | ʔīrē ~ ʔērē | |
| Ubangian | Banda | Làngbàsi | làlà/cácù | tūtū | wūwū | ʒīʒī | tīmà | màmà | ʒīʒī | gbābī | ngúngú | yōyō | zɨ | ʔēʁə̄ | |
| Ubangian | Banda | Mbanza | célà/cúcū | tūtū | w̰ṵ̄w̰ṵ̄ | zīzī | tīmbī | màmà | zī | gbābī | ə́ngú | yɔ̄yɔ̄ | zɨ ~ zi | ʔēlē | |
| Ubangian | Zande | Zande | bā̹ngìrī/kpā̹kpū | tū̹ | ō | rīndē | mīrā | ngbā | kūrē | mēmē | ī̹mè/dí | ngūà | ri | rī̹mā ~ rū̹mā | |
| Ubangian | Zande | Nzakara | bāngìlī | tū | ʔʊ̰̄ | līndī | mīnlā | ngbā | kʊ̄lɛ̄ | mɛ̄mɛ̄ | ndīgì | ngʊ̄nlà | lɪ | nlūmā | |
| Ubangian | Zande | Geme | índīrī/kpūkpū | tū | hɔ̄ | līndī | māl.ngbā | ngbā | kūlē | mɛ̄mɛ̄ | díī | wīlì | li | lūmā | |
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Nilotic | *(k)ɔŋ, pl. *(k)ɔɲ | *yit̪ | *(q)ume | *kɛ-la(-c) | *ŋa-lyɛp | *(k)ʊt̪ʊk | *käw | *kɛ-ɛt, *kɪ-yat | *pi(-ʀ) | *ɲam | *ka-ʀin | |||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Jebel | **ed ~ *er | **si(di ~ gi) | **ɲi-di | **kala-d | **udu | **k-afa-d | **(g-)am- | **kaca | **cii ~ *kii | **ɲam | (siigə, saag) | |||
| Nilo-Saharan | Temein | nɪ́ŋɪ̀nàʈ / kɛ̀ɛ́n | wénàʈ / kwèén | kɪ́mɪ́nʈɪ̀n / kɪkɪ́mɪ́nʈɪ́nɪ̀ | awɪ̀s / kɛ́ɛ̀ʔ | mɛ́nɖɪnyàʈ | íʈùk / k(w)úʈɪ̀n | mónɪ̀ʈ | àmɪ̀s / kɔ́maʔ | mɛ́rɛŋɪ̀s / mɛ́rɛŋ | múŋ | láma | kàlɪ́n, kàlɪ́ŋ | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Daju | *aŋune / *aŋwe ~ *aŋun | *wunute / *wunuge | *mu-ne | *ɲiɣte / *ɲiɣke | *ɲabire / *ɲabirta | *ikke / *ikku | *tamuke | *ŋai / *ŋayu | *ewete / *ewe | *ma- | *si- | *ange / *angu | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Kadugli (Talla dialect) | ayyɛ / iyyɛ | naasɔ / isinɛ́ | ámb-/nigáŋg-árɔk | t̪- / iŋŋini | áŋdáɗuk / ni- | niinɔ / niginíínɔ | ariid̪ʊ | t̪iŋguba / kuba | ffa / nááfa | ɓiid̪i | oori | ɛɛrɛ / nigirɛɛnɛ | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Northern Eastern Sudanic | *maɲ | *ɲog-ul | *em-u | *ŋes-il | *ŋal | *ag-il ~ *ag-ul | *ug-er | *kɛs-ɛr | *koɲ-er- | *mban | *kal- / *kamb- | *(ŋ)ɛr-i | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Nara | no, nòò / no-ta, nóó-ta | tús / túsá | demmo, dəmmo, dàm̀mò, dòmmò | nɪ̀hɪ̀ / nɪ̀hɪ̀t-tá; nèʃɪ̀ / nèʃá | hàggà, àggà, ààdà, hàdà | aùlò / aùl-lá; àgúrá / àgúr-tà | kitto, kɪ̀tò | ketti, kəti, kátɪ́ / ketta, kátá | tüm, tûm; kè́l | emba, mbàà | kal, kál, kár | ade, ààdà | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Nubian | *maaɲ, sg. *miɲ-di | *ugul(-e), sg. *ugul-di | ? | *ŋil, sg. *ŋíl-di | *ŋal, sg. ŋal-di | *agil | *ùg-er | *kiser, sg. *kisir-ti | *koor, sg. *koor-ti | *es-ti | *kal- | *er-i | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Taman | *me-ti, pl. *mVŋ | *(ŋ)usu-ti (sg) | *eme, sg. emi-ti (sg.) | *ŋesi-t(i), pl. *ŋes-oŋ | *laat | *auli | *agi | *kei-ti, pl. *kei-ŋ | *gaan; *kiɲe(-ti) (?) | *kal /*kaal | *ŋan- | *(ŋ)aat, pl. *(ŋ)ari-g | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Nyima | *a̍ŋV | *ɲɔgɔr- | *(o)mud̪- (?) | *ŋil- | ? | *ŋàl- | *wule | *amV | *t̪uma | *bɔ́ŋ | *t̪a̍l- / *ta̍m- | |||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-SW Surmic | *kɛɓɛrɛ (pl.) | *it̪t̪at | *ʊŋɛtʃ (?) | *ɲiggɪtta | *ʌgʌʌt | *(k)-ʊt̪t̪ʊk | *ɓɪj- | *ɛmmɛ | *kɛɛt̪ | *maam | *ɗak- | *ðara | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-SE Surmic | *kabari | *ɲabi (?) | *giroŋ | *ɲigidda (?) | *kat | *tuk- | *ɲaɓa | *giga (?) | *kɛdo (?) | *ma | *sara | |||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Kuliak | *ekw, pl. *ekw=ẹk | *beos, pl. *beosẹk | *nyab, pl. *nyabẹk | *ɛd-eɓ | *ak, pl. *akẹk | *seh | *ɔk | *ad, pl. *ad=is | *kywɛh | *yed, pl. *yedẹk | ||||
| Nilo-Saharan | Shabo | sɛ | k’iti | sonɑ | k’ɑu | hɑndɑ | kɑusɛ | dɑmo | emɑhɑ; egege | k’ɔnɑ | wɔː | woŋgɑse | |||
| Nilo-Saharan | Ongota | ˈʔaːfa | ˈwoːwa | ˈsiːna (loan?) | ʔitiˈma | ʔɑdabo (loan?) | ˈʔiːfa | ˈmitʃa (loan?) | ˈhɑntʃa | ˈtʃaːhawa | ʔeˈdʒak | ˈmiʃa | |||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Sara-Bongo-Bagirmi | *kamɔ; *kamu; *kama | *imbi; *EmbE; *mbili; *mbElE; *imbil-; *EmbEl- | *Samɔ; *Samu; *Somu; *kanu; *kunu; *kVnV | *kanga; *nganga | *unɖɛ(C-) | *tara | *manga; *masu; *mVsV; *nɖuma | *Kinga; *Kunga; *Kingo | *kaga | *mEnE; *mAnɛ; *mani | *OɲO; *ɔɲɔ; *VɲV | *iɭi; *ʈV | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Mangbetu | *mʷɔ̀ | *bɪ́ | *amɔ̀ | *kɪ́ | *kàɖrà | *tí(kpɔ̀) | *álí | *kpɔ̀ | *kɪ́rɪ́ɛ̀ | *gʷò | *láɲɔ̀ | *kɛ̀lʊ̀ | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Mangbutu | owékékí | ubí | tongi | usɛ́ | kedrú | utí | koto | ikpi | okpá | uwɛ | ano | aɓé | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Bale | ɲɔ̌ | bí | ndǔ̱tú̱ | kú | da | tso | zú | kpa | tsú | cû | wyɔ | ngbá / nzú | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Ndru | nikpɔ́ | ɓi(na) | ondǐ̹tsǔ̹ | ku | da | tsu | âzû | kpá | ítsú | ǐɗá | ɲú | óvôná | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Ma'di (Uganda) | mī | bí | ɔ̀mvɔ̄ | sí | lɛ̀ɖá | ti | àrɪ́ | hʷa | kʷɛ | èyí | ɲā | rú | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Birri | mɛ́; mʊ́ | nvö; nvu | ímɔ̀; ámɔ̀ | sì | ìnɖrɔ́; ìnɖrá | tyi(di) | ɔ́tɔ́ | kpɔ | kpi; kpɪ | wu | ɔnyo | iri | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Kresh | mumu | mbímbi | uŋú | ʃɛ́ʃɛ̀ | ndjindja | - | srama | kpɔkpɔ́ | kpikpi | ùyù | ɔ́ʃɔ́ | díri | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Dongo | mómu | mbimbi | ʔɔŋu | cẹ̀cẹ̀ | ndjándja | - | ọọs | kpọkpŏ | kpikpi | ùyù | l-ọc(ic) | díri | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Aja | iɲi | mimbi | múmú | uku | ndindyi | - | usa | gbäbí | cící | ɓaɓa | aɲ | kiri | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Kunama | wà | ùkùˈnà | bòbòˈnà | mà | ŋèeˈlà | ùˈdà | kòkòˈbà | sàŋˈgà | èˈlà | bìˈà | ˈìŋ(à) | ˈkíidà | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Berta | aře | iile | amúŋ | ndu-fuudí | hala | n'du | k’aβa | k’aara | s’ís’ía | fɪ'ri | θɪ́ŋa | huu (= foot) | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Gumuz, Northern | kʼwácá | tsʼéa | ííta | kʼósa | kʼótʼá | sa | maχá | ʒákwá | ɟá | aja | sá | tsʼéa | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Koman | *D̪E | *cʼɛ | *ʃʊnʃ | *ʃE | *lEtʼ̪a | *tʼ̪wa | *sʼámá; *bàs | *ʃUImakʼ | *cwálá | *jiɗE | *ʃa; *kʼama | *D̪uga | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Gule | yan | ĭgŭn | fufŭn | ŏdāīān | wāīdjo | wŏt | āī | |||||||
| Nilo-Saharan | Gule | yan | igă̄n | fufan | adad ayan | ĭten | ai | ||||||||
| Nilo-Saharan | Amdang (Kouchane) | ni | dili, kiliŋgɛ | gʊrnɑ | kɑlkɑ | dɔlː | sɪˈmi | tʃoː | dʊrtu | sɔŋ | sunu | zɑm | tʃuluk | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Proto-Maba | *kàSì-k | *dúrmì | *sati-k; *sàdí-k / *sadi-ɲi | *delemi-k | *fàrí-ŋ | *ta-k / *ta-si | *-aɲɔ- | *mílí-ik | ||||||
| Nilo-Saharan | Maba | kàʃì-k/-ñi | koi-k | boiñ | sati-k | delmi-k | kan-a/-tu | àríi | kàñjí-k | soŋgo-k | inji | añ | mílí-i/-síi | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Mimi of Decorse | dyo | feɾ | fir | ɲain | ɲyo | su | engi | ɲyam | ||||||
| Nilo-Saharan | Kanuri | shîm | sə́mò | kə́nzà | tímì; shélì | tə́làm | cî | bû | shíllà | kə̀ská | njî | bù | cû | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Zaghawa | í | kέbέ | síná | màrgiː | tàmsiː | áá | ógú | úrú | bɛ̀gìdiː | bí | sε:gì | tír | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Dendi | mò | háŋŋá | nínè | hínydyè | dɛ́llɛ̀ | méè | kpííʀì | bíʀí | túúʀì | hàʀí | ŋwáà | máà | ||
| Nilo-Saharan | Tadaksahak | mó | haŋgá | t-í-nʒar | ée-ʃan | íilǝs | míya | kud-én | biidí | tugúdu | aryén | ŋá | mân | ||
| Chadic | Proto-Chadic | *ydn | *km/*ɬm | *ntn | *s₃n; *ƙ-d | *ls₃- | *bk | *br | *ƙs₃ | *ymn | *hrɗ (hard); *twy (soft) | *s₃m | |||
| Chadic | Hausa | ido | kunne | hanci | haƙori | harshe | baki | jini | ƙashi | itaci; bishiya | ruwa | ci | suna | ||
| Chadic | Proto-Ron | *kumu | **atin | *haŋgor | *liʃ | *fo | ɟɑ̄lɑ̄, tɾɔ̃̄ | *kaʃ | *sum | ||||||
| Chadic | Polci | yiir | kəəm | cin | shen | haƙori | bii | buran; bəran | gooloo | pət | maa | ci | suŋ | ||
| Chadic | Proto-Central Chadic | *hadaj; *tsɨʸ | *ɬɨmɨɗʸ | *hʷɨtsɨnʸ | *ɬɨɗɨnʸ | *ɗɨrɨnɨhʸ; *ɣanaɗʸ; *naɬɨj | *maj | *ɗiɬ; *kɨrakaɬʸ | *hʷɨp | *ɗɨjɨm | *zɨm | *ɬɨmɨɗʸ | |||
| Chadic | Proto-Masa | *ir | *hum | *cin | *s- | *si | *vun | *vuzur | *sok | *gu | *mb- | *ti | *sem | ||
| Chadic | Kujarge | kunɟu | kumayo ~ kime | kaata | kiya | aliŋati | apa | ɪbɪrí | (kaɟeɟa), kàyɛ́ya | kaʃíè | ʃia | (tona), tuye [imp. sg.]; tuwona [imp. pl.] | rúwà | ||
| Afroasiatic | Proto-Cushitic | *ʔil- | *ʔisŋʷ- | *ʔiɬkʷ- | *caanrab- | *ʔaf-/*yaf- | *mikʷ’-; *moc’- | *-aħm-/*-uħm-; *ɬaam- | *sim-/*sum- | ||||||
| Afroasiatic | Proto-Maji | *ʔaːb | *háːy | *aːç’u | *eːdu | *uːs | *inču | *haːy | *um | ||||||
| Afroasiatic | Tarifiyt Berber | ŧit’t’ | aməžžun, aməz’z’uɣ | ŧinzā | ŧiɣməsŧ | iřəs | aqəmmum | iđammən | iɣəss | aman | šš | isəm | |||
| Afroasiatic | Coptic | ia | ma'aje | ša | šol, najhe | las | ro | snof | kas | šēn | mou | wōm | ran | ||
| Afroasiatic | Proto-Semitic | *ʕayn- | *ʔuḏn- | *ʔanp- | *šinn- | *lišān- | *dam- | *ʕaṯ̣m- | *ʕiṣ̂- | *mā̆y- | *ʔ-k-l | (*šim-) | |||
| Afroasiatic | Proto-Afroasiatic | *ʔǐl- | *-ʔânxʷ- | *sǐn-/*sǎn- 'tip, point' | *-lis’- 'to lick' | *âf- | *dîm-/*dâm- | *k’os- | *ɣǎ | *âm-; *akʷ’- | *-mǎaʕ-; *-iit-; *-kʷ’-̌ | *sǔm-/*sǐm- |