User:Cylicodiscus/sandbox

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

JOURNAL TEMPLATE ceremonies and elaborate clerical dress.[1]

BOOK TEMPLATE EXAMPLES [2]

[3]

Miles Coverdale was a man who was loved all his life for that ‘singular uprightness’ recorded on his tomb. He was always in demand as a preacher of the gospel. He was an assiduous bishop.

David Daniell, ‘Coverdale, Miles (1488–1569)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2009 accessed 15 Feb 2015.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.


USE FOLLOWING FOR WHAT WALTER BAKER DID:- Walter Baker used close-contact phenol-formaldehyde adhesives cured at elevated temperature and pressure [nb 1]

Harris, Sir Arthur T. et al Despatch on War Operations - 23rd. February 1942 to 8th. May 1945. Frank Cass, England, 1993. ISBN 0-7146-4692-X.

[4]

[5]

[6]

No.544 Squadron was formed at Benson on 19 October 1942 with a miscellany of aircraft. In March 1943, Mosquitos were received and became the squadron's sole type. Flew reconnaissance missions over Europe, and in February 1945 it operated a courier service for the Yalta conference, flying the first leg from the UK to Italy.

A better RAF history - Benson - as follows (two paras): - 1942 Spitfire & Mosquito Aircraft Until the end of the war the special Spitfire and Mosquito aircraft of these squadrons ranged far and wide, from northern Norway to southern Italy and as far east as Vienna. Outstanding events during that period were: the photography of the Mohne, Eder and Sorpe Dams shortly after the attack by the Dambusters; a flight over Berlin in 1943 when the pilot remained over the target for three quarters of an hour and obtained an almost complete mosaic of the city and the photography of the Tirpitz which was to lead to its destruction. A PRU Mosquito from Benson was the first aircraft to encounter a Me 262, the German jet propelled aeroplane. Although the encounter lasted for 20 minutes, the Mosquito was able to escape into the clouds and return home undamaged.

Pathfinder Force, based firstly at RAF Oakington. [7] ... the AOC-in-C ... [nb 2]

RE MINING OPS: - No. 8 Group PFF Mosquitos mined the Kiel Canal on a number of occasions. [8] One of the first raids was on the night of 12/13 May, during a period before Operation Overlord, when there was increased bombing and mining activity against German naval forces in the Southern Baltic. Add cite to appropriate page of Despatch. The following covers the Oct. 44 Kiel Canal mining op. mentioned in Despatch. Compose some text or it from hand-written notes: - [9]

[4]

No. 627 Squadron RAF was formed from C Flight of 139 Squadron, on 12 November 1943, as part of the planned expansion of No. 8 Group's Mosquito force. On 14 April 1944 it was transferred "on permanent loan" to No. 5 Group, for low-level marking operations. At the same date, it moved to [[RAF Woodhall Spa, where its first CO was Wing Commander R. P. Elliot. title=5 Group Bomber Command: An Operational Record chapter = The Squadrons Author Chris Ward Publisher Pen and Sword, 2007 ISBN 1844687368, 9781844687367 https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=n0cRBQAAQBAJ&dq=W/Cdr.+G.W.+Curry,+DSO,+DFC*&source=gbs_navlinks_s

FROM WIKI COMMONS : - Wing Commander R W Reynolds (right), pilot and Officer Commanding No. 139 Squadron RAF, and his navigator, Flight Lieutenant E B Sismore, standing in front of a De Havilland Mosquito B Mark IV at Marham, Norfolk, 1943. USE THIS IN Mos Op Hist Bomber section.

RE N. SCOTLAND STRIKE WINGS (Under F.B. ops.)

Construction of RAF Banff, also known as Boyndie, began in 1942 and the airfield was operational by April 1943. With the Allies advancing into occupied Europe, much German shipping was transferred to Scandinavian waters and elements of RAF Coastal Command were moved north to counter this threat. The Strike Wing at Banff stood up in September 1944 and comprised Mosquito aircraft of No’s 143, 144, 235 and 248 Squadrons Royal Air Force and No.333 Squadron Royal Norwegian Air Force. Until May 1945, these units carried out patrols and attacks on ships, submarines, lighthouses and cargo transported by road and rail. [nb 3] NCAP- Historic Environment of Scotland- National Collection of Arial Photography- Home » Features » Strike Wings http://ncap.org.uk/feature/strike-wings Accessed 22 Dec 2017

See No. 248 Squadron RAF for useful referenced info. about Tsetse Mossies.

Why they had to carry on: - The German Navy fought on after the invasion of France but was unable to deter the Allied war effort. Forced into Norway and the Northern German repair yards, the U-boats caused concern right up to the end of the European war. The U-boat fleet was not entirely captured and many were still at sea, operational and willing to fight - near the end, Doenitz still had 336 U-boats. Close to VE Day, 215 submarine skippers scuttled their boats rather than surrender them. Had the war continued, they could again have dominated the sea lanes with snorkel boats and newer weapons. [10]

Max Aitken That month Wing Commander Aitken was posted to command No.68 Squadron at Catterick, north Yorks, that was working up in the night-fighter role with radar-equipped Blenheim Ifs. No.68 then received its first AI Mk.IV equipped Beaufighter Mk.Ifs during May, which by the month’s end had completely replaced the old Blenheims. On the 17th June, Aitken claimed a Bf 109 in a Spitfire borrowed from No.610 Squadron. During March 1942 the Squadron moved to Coltishall, Norfolk, from where the CO claimed his first night victory, a Do 217 on the night of 30th April/1st May, followed by another on the 29th/30th May and damage to a Ju 88 the same night. On the night of 23rd/24th July a second Ju 88 and another Do 217 fell to Aitken’s guns, which brought the award of the Czech Military Cross on the 11th August, the DSO on the 14th August and the Air Efficiency (AE) award on the 1st January 1943. With his tour coming to an end Wing Commander Aitken was posted away from 68 Squadron during January 1943 to join the Fighter Tactics Branch of HQ RAF Middle East. Whilst there he borrowed a Beaufighter from No.46 Squadron and claimed two Ju 52 transport aircraft destroyed, another probably destroyed and forth damaged, on the night of the 5th March 1944. These were his last air-to-air victories for on leaving HQ Middle East Wing, Group Captain Aitken was posted back the UK and then north to Scotland to take command of the Banff Strike Wing comprising Nos.143, 235, 248 & 333 (Norwegian) Squadrons. The Bannf Wing undertook anti-shipping and antisubmarine operations in Norwegian waters with rocket projectile (RP) armed Mosquito FB Mk.VI fighter-bombers. Group Captain Aitken remained in command of the Wing to the War’s end and was released from the RAF early in 1946.

Profile - G/Capt The Hon Max Aitken, DSO, DFC, - 601 Squadron - by Ian White. http://600squadronassociation.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Profile_-_Max_Aitken_-_601.pdf accessed 22 Dec 17

Examples of in-line cite with refname= , for use in article text: -

[11]

[12]

GUARANTEED CORRECT! : - [13]

Example of how to do repeated citations (a,b, etc.) but if you want to cite different page or page range you have to do a separate ref name = , so page ranges rather than a single page are often a good idea! : - [14] [15]

Example of a web citation from ODNB, with repeated citations (a,b,c etc)- done by using refname = ALSO:- inverted commas around the linked url come automatically if done correctly, like this! DO NOT DELETE THIS GOOD EXAMPLE!

[16]

Atlantic Ferry Command - Delivery Operations

The first ferry deliveries of North American-built aircraft ordered by the RAF began on 10 November 1940 when, taking off from Gander with RAF Aldergrove as his destination, Don Bennett led and navigated a formation of seven Lockheed Hudson Mk.III's.[17][18][nb 4] All seven aircraft arrived safely in the UK after what Bennett described as "a number of scares"- among other things, mid-November was considered almost too late in the year to fly across the North Atlantic with any degree of safety.

By August 1943, some two and three-quarter years after Bennett had left the ferrying operations,[nb 5] much-needed Canadian-built Mosquito B.Mk.XX aircraft were ready for delivery to strengthen allied operations in Europe. [19] [20] The Mosquito ferrying was undertaken by No. 45 (Atlantic Transport) Group, which was at that stage commanded by the RAF, but still staffed by a mix of chiefly RAF, RAAF, RCAF and civilian flight crews.[nb 6] The oceanic ferrying started from Goose Bay, Labrador (after preparatory stages from Downsview, London, Ontario and Dorval or Gander), and ended up at the de Havilland factory at Hatfield, where final preparation and servicing for operations, together with further testing, was undertaken. By the time the Mosquito ferry flights started, fairly standard transatlantic ferry routes had been established and the first Mosquito flights, and indeed most that followed, took the Northern Route. After leaving Goose Bay, landings were made at a station in Greenland, usually "Bluie West 1," then at Reykjavic, Iceland, next RAF Prestwick, Scotland, and finally arrival in England. The first two Mosquito B.Mk.XX's arrived at Hatfield by this route on 12 August 1943. These were KB161 "New Glasgow," and KB328 "Acton." [nb 7] The crossings of late summer and autumn 1943 gave no hint of future problems.

As deliveries progressed, unofficial transatlantic speed records fell. For example, in May 1944, Wing Cdr. John de L. Wooldridge volunteered a delivery as a means of returning to the UK from a mission in North America. This he accomplished in 6h. 46m. from Goose Bay to Prestwick.[21][nb 8].

Although from May to December 1944 the Mosquito losses were taken seriously by the RAF, RCAF, and by de Havilland Canada, overall, the fatalities were lower than those of most of the other aircraft that were ferried. [nb 9].

Correct use of Cite Web etc. :- [23]

References

Example of web cite with author name included: -

[24]


Notes
  1. ^ Venesta were doing this to manufacture Isokon furniture well before WWII.
  2. ^ Sir Arthur Harris, 1st Baronet
  3. ^ RAF Dallachy opened in March 1943 and was occupied by Beaufighter aircraft of the Dallachy Strike Wing, which often operated the squadrons from Banff. The Norwegian coastline was protected by high-performance German fighters and the aircraft from Banff and Dallachy were often escorted by long-range Mustang fighters of No.315 (Polish) Squadron flying from RAF Peterhead. The Historic Scotland NCAP Website contains contemporary PR photos of two of the Norwegian harbours that were attacked as well as the home airfields.
  4. ^ Bennett was an RAF Reserve officer at the time, having been a Captain for Imperial Airways. When the Atlantic Ferry began he was appointed as Flying Superintendent for Canadian Pacific Air Services, its first operator. He soon visited the Lockheed plant and tested the Hudsons meticulously.
  5. ^ To be re-commissioned in the RAF and soon to command the Pathfinder (RAF) Force, one of the main "customers" for the Canadian Mosquitos in 1944-45.
  6. ^ The administration of the Atlantic ferry pool changed several times. It was known successively as CPR Air Services Department, ATFERO (Atlantic Ferry Organization), Ferry Command and, from 1 April 1943, No. 45 (Atlantic Transport Group) of RAF Ferry Command
  7. ^ KB161 was issued to 139 Squadron RAF, on 11 November and was flown in a raid on Berlin on 2 December 1943.
  8. ^ The fastest Mosquito crossing of all was on 23 October 1945, when a PR aircraft of No. 540 Squadron RAF flew from Gander to RAF St. Mawgan in 5h. 10m.
  9. ^ Christie's statistical summary (Appendix B) attempts to be fair but some records appear to have been lost or destroyed. There is no mention for example, of any Canadian-built Lancasters crashing during delivery. According to his data, around 560 personnel were killed in transit among all aircraft listed. Of these, 36 were Mosquito fatalities - 16 on the actual transatlantic routes with the remainder mainly flying accidents over Canadian territory. He deals with Mosquito ferrying in considerable detail, as the result of fresh research, hence a different impression may be gained, but the figures show lower losses than most other types, including Hudsons, and especially the passenger-converted Liberators. In the latter, tragically, around 170 personnel died, including trained aircrew who were returning as passengers, government officials with female staff, and some significant VIPs.[22]
Citations
  1. ^ Hughes, Celia (1982). "Coverdale's alter ego". Bulletin of the John Rylands Library. 65 (1). Manchester, UK: John Rylands University Library: 100–124. ISSN 0301-102X. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
  2. ^ Cordell, Bruce R.; Grubb, Jeff; Noonan, David (2001). Manual of the Planes. Berlin: Wizards of the Coast. pp. 198–203. ISBN 0-786918-50-0.
  3. ^ Foot, M.R.D.; Langley, J.M. (1979). MI9 Escape and Evasion 1939–1945.. London: The Bodley Head Ltd. ISBN 0-370-30086-6.
  4. ^ a b Harris 1993, p. 43.
  5. ^ "Operation Oyster""Dirkdeklein, Eindhoven, History, Philips, RAF, the Netherlands, World War 2". Retrieved 1 Nov 2017.
  6. ^ "R.A.F. Upwood Huntingdonshire""Menu - 139 (Jamaica) Squadron Pathfinders". Retrieved 6 Nov 2017.
  7. ^ Bennett, Donald (2010). Pathfinder. ISIS, Oxford. p. 350.
  8. ^ Alexiades, Platon (2015). Target Corinth Canal: 1940-1944. Pen & Sword. p. 230. ISBN 978-1473827561.
  9. ^ Bowman, Martin (2013). "3". Mosquito Bomber/Fighter-Bomber Units 1942–45. Bloomsbury Publishing - ebook. ISBN 9781472800497.
  10. ^ Naval History and Heritage Command - SRH-142 |author=Jerry Russell, Cdr., USN|title=ULTRA AND THE CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE U-BOATS IN WORLD WAR II |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/online-reading-room/title-list-alphabetically/u/current-doctrine-submarines-usf-25-a.html%7Caccessed 21 December 2017
  11. ^ Bennett, Donald (2010). Pathfinder. ISIS, Oxford. p. 350.
  12. ^ bond, Barbara A. (2015). Great Escapes - The Story of MI9's Second World War Escape and Evasion Maps. Harper Collins. ISBN 978-0-00-814130-1.
  13. ^ Imperial War Museums- Collections- Escape kit "Imperial War Museums- Collections Cat. No. EPH 3618". Retrieved 11 Jan 2018.
  14. ^ Hutton pp.1-12
  15. ^ Hutton p.159
  16. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, "Hutton, Christopher William Clayton (1893–1965); M.R.D. Foot, Oxford University Press, 2004; Online version May 2008". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/73035. Retrieved 8 Jan 2018. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  17. ^ Bennett pp.110-138
  18. ^ Christie pp. 49-55
  19. ^ Christie, Carl A. (1995). Ocean Bridge - The history of RAF Ferry Command. Midland Publishing, Leicester, England. p. 220.
  20. ^ Birtles 2017, ch.8.
  21. ^ Christie pp. 220-221
  22. ^ Christie pp. 245-330
  23. ^ "Carpetbagger Aviation Museum- Harrington- Red Stocking and Joan-Eleanor Operations". Retrieved 12 Feb 2018.
  24. ^ "F-For-Freddie- Calgary's VE-Day Tragedy; Richard de Boer, Calgary, AB, Canada". Retrieved 14 Feb 2018.
Bibliography

Examples of bibliography citations. The curly brackets make the ISBN a hot link:

  • Bowman, Martin. de Havilland Mosquito (Crowood Aviation series). Ramsbury, Marlborough, Wiltshire, UK: The Crowood Press, 2005. ISBN 1-86126-736-3.
  • Christie, Carl A. Ocean Bridge - The history of RAF Ferry Command Midland Publishing, Leicester, England, 1995. ISBN 1-85780-029-X.
  • Hutton, Clayton. Official Secret - The remarkable story of escape aids, their invention, production and the sequel. Max Parrish, London, 1960.
  • Bennett, D.C.T.. Pathfinder. ISIS Publishing, 1958, 1983, Reprint 2010. ISBN 978-0-7531-9587-1.

Australian War Memorial- Second World War Escape and Evasion maps; 08 July 2015 by Dianne Rutherford This is a better reference for Per Ardua. It gives an estimate of the total no. of maps produced and it contains useful descriptions of the various map series.

https://www.bl.uk/maps/articles/escape-and-evasion-maps-of-world-war-ii

Some of Hutton's inventions and developments of existing ideas were either taken up in only relatively small quantities or dropped altogether, often at the behest of other branches of the secret services. As described in his autobiography, [1] these gadgets included the following:-

  • Miniature wireless sets - interrogation reports from returning escapees indicated to Hutton that wireless sets, capable of being smuggled into camps and then hidden, would be prized by the escape committees. However this was an example of his typical naivete in believing himself free to ignore boundaries of responsibility. He set to work with vigour to obtain samples of potentially suitable radios, including some imported from the USA. Having selected a suitable set, he arranged through a contact in the GPO laboratories to fit it into simulated cigarette package. But at somewhere around this point, someone in authority got to know what he was up to. He traveled north with his driver, Jill Warwick, to carry out tests. He was politely but firmly apprehended by policemen on Ilkley Moor, taken to Leeds, and warned in no uncertain terms to drop this line of gadgetry. Evidently some other branch, probably the Secret Intelligence Service, had already taken the matter in hand!
  • Several devices were developed for use by the Special Operations Executive after Hutton met Percy Charles Pickard, the real Captain of the Vickers Wellington bomber "F for Freddie" in the 1941 film Target for Tonight. [nb 1] These inventions included a portable torch, disguised as a bicycle pump, for marking landing strips; another torch, working in a similar manner, but also containing a hollow section to conceal strips of camera film; hemispherical plastic bowls coated on the convex side with phosphorescent paint - to be used as wind direction markers for incoming aircraft.
  • Hutton had the idea of concealing a miniature camera within a cigarette lighter. [nb 2] He had the prototype of the camera-lighter made by Blunts, the London East End firm that had developed miniature compasses. When he obtained photographs of colleagues, completely without their knowledge, there was consternation! Foot & Langley say that these cameras were smuggled into POW camps in Germany and Italy [2]
  • The PIAT gun was a low-cost anti-tank weapon designed in 1942 by Lieut.Col. Stewart Blacker, who enlisted Hutton's assistance (apparently with Crockatt's approval) rapidly to locate the necessary steel tubing and other materials. Hutton was also asked to help, through his contacts, to have a prototype made.
  • Miniature blowpipe and darts - Hutton claimed that this idea was developed at the behest of a Free French officer. The idea was for French Resistance personnel and their sympathisers to harass occupying German troops and officials by mingling in crowds and blowing darts made from gramophone needles at their faces or other exposed skin. An untrue rumour would be circulated that the needles had poisoned tips. A prototype was given to the "customer" but Hutton was forbidden to continue production on the grounds of suspected infringement of the Geneva Convention. [nb 3]
  1. ^ Hutton pp.74-128
  2. ^ Foot & Langley (1979) pp.130-131


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