Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg: Difference between revisions

|image_caption = The cornerstone of the Church of the Abiding Presence was laid in 1940<ref>http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=5RFUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=jDkNAAAAIBAJ&pg=6863,408345&dq=seminary-chapel+gettysburg&hl=en </ref> (completed 1942).<ref>http://www.ltsg.edu/Friends-Supporters/Crossroads-Campaign/Campaign-Resources/Chapel-RenewCamp2011_swpa</ref>

| parent_type = Part of<br>Member of

|parent =<small>[[Evangelical Lutheran Church in America]]<br>[[Washington Theological Consortium]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Member Institutions of the Washington Theological Consortium |publisher=Washington Theological Consortium |url=http://www.washtheocon.org/members.html |accessdate=tbd}}</ref>

| city = [[Gettysburg, Pennsylvania|Gettysburg]]{{Clarify |Is the seminary within, or just outside of, the borough?|date=February 2012}}

| border = [[Gettysburg National Military Park]]

| border_note =<ref name=HMdb/>

| location_type = Administration

| location = [[Valentine Hall]]

| elevation_location = 61 Seminary Ridge

| elevation_note = <ref name=Elevation_Query>{{cite web |title=X_Value=-77.24433 &Y_Value=39.83162 |url=http://gisdata.usgs.gov/xmlwebservices2/elevation_service.asmx/getElevation?X_Value=-77.2445&Y_Value=39.8316&Elevation_Units=FEET&Source_Layer=-1&Elevation_Only=FALSE |work=[http://gisdata.usgs.gov/xmlwebservices2/elevation_service.asmx?op=getElevation USGS Elevation Web Service Query] |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |accessdate=2011-06-24}}</ref>

| lat_d = 39.83162

| long_d = 77.24433

| coordinates_note = <ref>Google maps</ref>

| area_note = {{Citation needed |date=February 2012}}

| height_imperial = 125

| height_note =--church spire[http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=DIslAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wPIFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1119,5254852&dq=mason+dixon+gettysburg&hl=en]

| code_type =<small>[[Find A Grave]] CRid

| code = 2342834 (1 interment)

| code_note = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lutheran Theological Seminary Memorial Garden |url=http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=cr&CRid=2342834 |publisher=FindAGrave.com |accessdate=2012-02-21}}</ref>

| president = Rev. Michael L. Cooper-White

| website = [http://www.ltsg.edu/ LTSG.edu - Gettysburg Seminary]

The '''Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg''' is a [[postgraduate education]] institution and an [[American Civil War]] site of 1863 [[Battle of Gettysburg]] [[military engagement]]s,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wentz |first=Abdel Ross |year=1926 |title=History of the Gettysburg Theological Seminary…1826—1926 |location= |publisher=The United Lutheran Publication House }}</ref> including the "last stand of the [[I Corps (Union Army)|Union 1st Corps]] on [[Seminary Ridge]]."<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 1, 2008 |title=Annual Gettysburg battlefield walks to begin |url={{URL|http://www.google.com/search?q="last stand of the Union 1st Corps on Seminary Ridge"&tbs=nws:1,ar:1&source=newspapers}} |newspaper=[[The Evening Sun]] |accessdate=2012-02-21}}</ref> The school is the 2nd oldest U.S. [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] seminary ([[cf.]] 1797 [[Hartwick, New York|Hartwick lutheran seminary]] & 1791 [[St. Mary's Seminary and University|St Mary's catholic seminary]]) and includes [[Gettysburg Battlefield]] monuments and cannon, a [[Martin Luther]] memorial, and [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gsr&GScid=2342834 a memorial garden] (battle interments were moved to the [[Gettysburg National Cemetery|Gettysburg National]] and southern cemeteries).

{{For|the [[Battle of Gettysburg]] memorials at this site such as for Stevens' Battery (1889)<ref name=HMdb>{{Cite web |last=Swain |first=Craig |date=January 14, 2008 |title=Stevens' Battery |url=http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=15298 |format=HMdb.org webpage, marker 15298 |accessdate=2012-02-21}} (different from [http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=14145 Stevens' Battery: 5th Maine, 1st Corps] monument on [[Stevens Knoll]])</ref> with "False Napolean"|List of monuments of the Gettysburg Battlefield}}

[[File:Gburg Seminary NE.JPG|thumb|upright=1.2|left|The 1832 Old Dorm (now [[Schmucker Hall]]) was used as the "Seminary Hotel" for dignitaries at the [[1913 Gettysburg reunion|50th battle anniversary]].<ref name=Beitler>{{Cite report |last=Beitler |first=Lewis Eugene (editor and compiler) |date=December 31, 1913 |title=Fiftieth Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg: Report of the Pennsylvania Commission |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=swkTAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA49 |format=Google Books |location=[[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania]] |publisher=Wm. Stanley Bay (state printer)<!-- p. -i -->|accessdate=2011-08-11 }}</ref>{{Rp|49}} A May 1914 colonial portico was added to commemorate the reunion[http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=DzhUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=YjoNAAAAIBAJ&pg=6392,3948778&dq=hackmen+gettysburg&hl=en] (only the concrete base remains.)[http://books.google.com/books?id=rFHr8ti5sAwC&pg=PA164] ]]

By 1819,{{When|actual year is tbd|date=August 2011}} a [[Pennsylvania Ministerium]] committee (Rev. [[John George Schmucker]], D.D., Conrad Jaeger and H. A. Muhlenberg) began planning a Protestant seminary. After the board of directors first met on March 2, 1826; a selection group of 9 rejected proposals from [[Carlisle, Pennsylvania]] (at [[Dickinson College]]) and [[Hagerstown, Maryland]];<ref name=GC1896/> and the "Gettysburg Theological Seminary"<ref>{{cite news |date=April 23, 1928 |title=Gettysburg Theological Seminary |url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6YwlAAAAIBAJ&sjid=1PIFAAAAIBAJ&pg=3310,7609437&dq=gettysburg+seminary&hl=en |format=Google News Archives |newspaper=[[The Adams Sentinel]] |accessdate=2010-02-04}}</ref> was established on August 1, 1826.<ref>{{cite news |last=[Treasurer] |date=September 6, 1926 |title=Theological Seminary |url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=SpMlAAAAIBAJ&sjid=tvIFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4776,468286&dq=gettysburg+seminary&hl=en |format=Google News Archive |newspaper=[[The Republican Compiler]] |accessdate=2010-02-04}}</ref> [[Samuel Simon Schmucker]] was elected the first professor and the seminary opened with 11<!--ref name=GC1896/--> students on September 5, 1826,<ref>{{Cite news |date=September 18, 1926 |title=Gettysburg Seminary to Observe its Centenary |url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=S6YiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=P68FAAAAIBAJ&pg=2923,1765292&dq=gettysburg-seminary+chapel&hl=en |format=Google News Archive |location=[[Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania]] |newspaper=The Daily Times |accessdate=2011-08-11 |quote=''the cupola of the seminary building was used as a lookout point by General Buford and General Reynolds''}}</ref> at the 1810<ref>{{Cite book |last=Beitel |first=Calvin Gustavus |year=1874 |title=A Digest of Titles of Corporations Chartered by the Legislature … |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Zr0ZAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22Gettysburg+Plank+Road%22&q=Gettysburg#v=snippet&q=Gettysburg&f=false |format=Google books |publisher=J. Campbell & son |accessdate=2011-11-22}}</ref> [[Gettysburg Academy]] building.<ref name=HMdb>{{Cite web |last=Swain |first=Craig |date=October 2, 2008 |title=First Home of Seminary and College |url=http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=12004 |format=HMdb.org webpage, marker 12004 |accessdate=2011-08-11 }}</ref> In 1832 the seminary moved to [[Schmucker Hall|its first building]] on the ridge west of the borough<ref>{{cite web |last=Joswick |first=Dave (editor) |month=February/March 2008 |title=Buford's View: July 1, 1863 (advertisement) |work=[http://www.gettysburgcompanion.com/ The Gettysburg Companion] |publisher=[[Gettysburg Times|Times and News Publishing Company]] |page=16}}</ref> between the [[Chambersburg Pike]] and [[Nichol's Gap Road]], north of the site used for [[Herman Haupt]]'s residence and his 1837 [[File:1858 Oakridge Select Academy.png|Oakridge Select Academy]][http://books.google.com/books?id=tlPSVv2TUcUC&pg=PA144&lpg=PA144&dq=gettysburg+oakridge+school+haupt&source=bl&ots=J4nkGydCjG&sig=pNpUxAsr6qvLtWrYWxqtbfHqr10&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bEYnT_nKOYGW2QWN0cjSAg&ved=0CEsQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=gettysburg%20oakridge%20school%20haupt&f=false] ("[[Gettysburg Battlefield#Schultz House|Mrs. Schultz]]" residence during the battle).<ref name=Hopkins/>

;Battle of Gettysburg: With 2 professor residences during the [[American Civil War]] ("[http://seminaryridge.org/legacy.htm C.P.Krauth"] & "S.S.Schmucker"),<ref name=Hopkins>{{Cite map |publisher=[http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=fZEmAAAAIBAJ&sjid=KQEGAAAAIBAJ&pg=3832%2C37447 M.S. & E. Converse] |year=1858 |title=G. M. Hopkins survey |url=http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g3823a.la000697 |format=[[Library of Congress]] mapviewer |accessdate=2011-11-04}} (image also available at [http://www.simmonsgames.com/research/authors/PAGovtMisc/AdamsCounty/index.html SimmonsGames.com)]</ref> the seminary was the site of [[Battle of Gettysburg, First Day]], combat and had buildings burned{{Not in source|date=February 2012}} during the battle.[http://www.google.com/search?q=gettysburg+seminary&tbs=nws:1,ar:1&source=newspapers] The [[Schmucker Hall]] cupola was used as an observatory on June 30,[http://www.thegettysburgexperience.com/past_issue_headlines/2010/may2010/twogburggirls.html] and"the Schmucker house" residence was later ransacked by Confederates.<ref name=GT1963/> On July 1 from ~4 p.m. until dark, the [http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=17990 Third Richmond Howitzers (with "four 3 inch rifles")] fired from the seminary onto [[Cemetery Hill]] and received counterfire [http://books.google.com/books?id=rFHr8ti5sAwC&pg=PA103&lpg=PA103&dq=%22smith's+battery%22+seminary+gettysburg&source=bl&ots=pf0WHrNHBD&sig=-y3UuvT_mEV40l-2c7NLIFD1A7s&hl=en&ei=8mRETuCnBeHY0QHvyo24CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22smith's%20battery%22%20seminary%20gettysburg&f=false] ([[Robert E. Lee]]'s headquarters was north of the seminary). Seminary buildings became [[field hospital]]s (Amos Blakeslee was a doctor,[http://www.thegettysburgexperience.com/past_issue_headlines/2009/may2009/takingcare.html] and Sarah Broadhead was a nurse)[http://www.thegettysburgexperience.com/past_issue_headlines/2010/august2010/hospital.html] and the last patient of the seminary's Old Dorm left on September 16, 1863.<ref name="achs-pa1">{{cite web|url=http://www.achs-pa.org/headquarters/ |title=Headquarters: Brief History of Schmucker Hall |work=Adams County Historical Society |publisher=Achs-pa.org |date= |accessdate=2010-06-01}}</ref>

In 1868 seminary land was purchased for the [[Springs Hotel and Horse Railroad|Gettysburg Springs Railroad]] (now [[Springs Avenue]]) and the faculty expanded{{Clarify|who was the 3rd|date=February 2012}} to a 4th professor (James W. Richard) in 1889.<ref name=GT1963/> In 1895 during the [[Gettysburg Battlefield#Commemorative era|battlefield commemorative era]], the [[Gettysburg Park Commission]] [[Macadam#Thomas Telford|telfordized]] the seminary's north-south avenue<ref>http://www.gdg.org/Research/Authored%20Items/BCRReports/1895.html</ref> (resurfaced in 1927). In 1896, the seminary had 2 academic buildings, 4 professor dwellings, a hospital, and ~{{Convert|38|acres|ha|abbr=on}}.<ref name=GC1896>{{Cite news |date=August 18, 1896 |title=The Gettysburg Seminary…History and Needs |url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mOIyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=1QAGAAAAIBAJ&pg=1592,898517&dq=gettysburg+seminary&hl=en |format=[[Google News]] Archive |newspaper=Gettysburg Compiler |accessdate=2011-08-11 |quote=''Gettysburg and the people of Adams county, including many from [[Hanover, Pennsylvania|Hanover]] ''[in York Co.]'', offered $7,000 in cash, and the trustees of the old ''[Gettysburg]'' academy the use of that building.''}}</ref> After preceding faculty chairmen beginning with Schmucker,<!--Schmucker wikiarticle--> the 1st seminary president{{Who|date=February 2012}} was designated in 1906;<ref name=GT1963/> and the park commission had placed [http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=17990 2 Confederate 3" rifles,<!--1915 report-->] 2 other Confederate guns,<!--1912 report says 6 total--> and 2 Union 12 pounders<!--1915 report--> ("False Napolean")<ref name=HMdb/> along the avenue by 1912.<ref>http://www.gdg.org/Research/Authored%20Items/BCRReports/1911.html</ref> During the [[World War II]] labor shortage, the seminary assisted with the county's 1942 apple harvest [http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=HiI_AAAAIBAJ&sjid=w08MAAAAIBAJ&pg=2360,2776032&dq=gettysburg+theological+seminary&hl=en] before [[World War II Prisoner of War Camp, Gettysburg Battlefield, Pennsylvania|German POWs]] became available, and a seminary auxiliary was organized in 1953.[http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=5o8lAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yfIFAAAAIBAJ&pg=927,913085&dq=gettysburg+theological+seminary&hl=en] Circa 1960 the seminary purchased the nearby [[Elsie Singmaster Lewars]] home<ref name=GT1963/> and in 1961, the Adams County Historical Society moved from the [[Adams County Courthouse (Pennsylvania)|courthouse]] basement[http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=fYslAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wPIFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1042,760181&dq=jacks-mountain+railroad&hl=en] to [[Schmucker Hall|Old Dorm]] (added to the [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Adams County, Pennsylvania|NRHP]] in 1974).<ref name="achs-pa1"/> The 2011 "[http://www.ltsg.edu/Crossroads/ Crossroads Campaign"] planned $1.8 million of fundraising for chapel renovations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=date tbd |title=Gettysburg Seminary Announces Matching Gift Opportunity |url=http://www.uss-elca.org/gettysburg-seminary-announces-matching-gift-opportunity |publisher=[[Upper Susquehanna Synod]] |accessdate=2012-02-21}}</ref>

{{Reflist |refs=

<ref name=GT1963>{{Cite news |year=1963 |title=[tbd newspaper article]{{Specify|I lost my note with the url for this citation, and couldn't reproduce the search text I used to get it. The article incudes the words "Hartwick", "James W. Richard", "Elsie Singmaster Lewars" etc. |date=February 2012}} |format=[[Google News Archive]] |newspaper=[[The Gettysburg Times]] |publisher=Times and News Publishing Company |accessdate=2012-02-21 |quote=''Old Dorm was used as an observation post first by General Reynolds''}}</ref>

}}

[[Category:American Civil War sites]]

[[Category:Cemeteries in Pennsylvania]]

[[Category:Gettysburg Battlefield]]

[[Category:Lutheran cemeteries]]<!--Memorial Gardens-->

[[Category:Lutheran seminaries]]

[[Category:Schools on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania]]<!--Schmucker Hall-->

[[Category:Residential buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania‎]]<!--Schmucker Hall-->