Solar eclipse of July 9, 1945
Solar eclipse of July 9, 1945 | |
---|---|
Type of eclipse | |
Nature | Total |
Gamma | 0.7356 |
Magnitude | 1.018 |
Maximum eclipse | |
Duration | 75 s (1 min 15 s) |
Coordinates | 70°00′N 17°12′W / 70°N 17.2°W |
Max. width of band | 92 km (57 mi) |
Times (UTC) | |
Greatest eclipse | 13:27:46 |
References | |
Saros | 145 (18 of 77) |
Catalog # (SE5000) | 9387 |
A total solar eclipse occurred on Monday, July 9, 1945. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. The path of totality crossed northern North America, across Greenland and into Scandinavia, the western Soviet Union, and central Asia.
The eclipse was mostly seen on July 9, 1945, except for northeastern Soviet Union, where a partial eclipse was seen on July 10 local time, or starting on July 9, passing midnight and ending on July 10 due to the midnight sun.
Observation
Princeton University sent a team to observe the total eclipse southeast of Malta, Montana. The sun happened to appear from a gap in the clouds around the second contact (the beginning of the total phase). The total phase was not affected by the clouds afterwards, but clouds gradually moved closer to the sun, and blocking the sun during the partial phase after the total phase ended. Nobody saw Baily's beads, prominences or shadow bands there. The team from the Franklin Institute and University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia went to Wolseley, Saskatchewan, Canada. The weather condition was clear before sunrise, with only some thin clouds near the horizon. The sun passed through a series of clouds after sunrise, and the weather kept good since then. The observation was successful. The team from the Yerkes Observatory, Wisconsin observed the eclipse in Pine River in southwestern Manitoba, Canada. The eclipse occurred on the morning of July 9. The eastern sky was covered with clouds at sunrise. The sun came out from the clouds 25 minutes before totality, and half an hour later the entire sky was covered with clouds again. Because the local duration of totality was only 37 seconds, the team took small- and large-scale images of the corona at the same time in order to completely record the data, to study the characteristics of both the outer and inner corona. Since the eclipse occurred less than 2 months after the end of the European theatre of World War II, only a few Swedish teams, one Danish team and one French team managed to observe it from Scandinavia. Another small Norwegian team and some other teams in the Soviet Union did not make observations successfully due to the clouds. Among them, teams from the Stockholm Observatory, Sweden and Paris Observatory, France observed it in Brattås, Västerbotten, Sweden, and photographed the corona and spectra.[1]
Related eclipses
Solar eclipses 1942–1946
This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[2]
Note: The partial solar eclipse on September 10, 1942 occurs in the previous lunar year eclipse set.
Solar eclipse series sets from 1942 to 1946 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Ascending node | Descending node | |||
115 | August 12, 1942 Partial |
120 | February 4, 1943 Total | |
125 | August 1, 1943 Annular |
130 | January 25, 1944 Total | |
135 | July 20, 1944 Annular |
140 | January 14, 1945 Annular | |
145 | July 9, 1945 Total |
150 | January 3, 1946 Partial | |
155 | June 29, 1946 Partial |
Saros 145
This solar eclipse is a part of Saros cycle 145, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, 8 hours, containing 77 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on January 4, 1639, and reached a first annular eclipse on June 6, 1891. It was a hybrid event on June 17, 1909, and total eclipses from June 29, 1927, through September 9, 2648. The series ends at member 77 as a partial eclipse on April 17, 3009. The longest eclipse will occur on June 25, 2522, with a maximum duration of totality of 7 minutes, 12 seconds. All eclipses in this series occurs at the Moon's ascending node.
Series members 10–32 occur between 1801 and 2359 | ||
---|---|---|
10 | 11 | 12 |
April 13, 1801 |
April 24, 1819 |
May 4, 1837 |
13 | 14 | 15 |
May 16, 1855 |
May 26, 1873 |
June 6, 1891 |
16 | 17 | 18 |
June 17, 1909 |
June 29, 1927 |
July 9, 1945 |
19 | 20 | 21 |
July 20, 1963 |
July 31, 1981 |
August 11, 1999 |
22 | 23 | 24 |
August 21, 2017 |
September 2, 2035 |
September 12, 2053 |
25 | 26 | 27 |
September 23, 2071 |
October 4, 2089 |
October 16, 2107 |
28 | 29 | 30 |
October 26, 2125 |
November 7, 2143 |
November 17, 2161 |
31 | 32 | 33 |
November 28, 2179 |
December 9, 2197 |
December 21, 2215 |
34 | 35 | 36 |
December 31, 2233 |
January 12, 2252 |
January 22, 2270 |
37 | 38 | 39 |
February 2, 2288 |
February 14, 2306 |
February 25, 2324 |
40 | ||
March 8, 2342 |
Notes
- ^ Xavier M. Jubier. "Eclipse totale de Soleil du 9 juillet 1945 depuis le nord-ouest des États-Unis, le centre du Canada ou la Suède (Total Solar Eclipse of 1945 July 9 in northwestern USA, central Canada or Sweden)". Archived from the original on 26 October 2016.
- ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
References
- Earth visibility chart and eclipse statistics Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
- Вьюшков П.В. (1945). Солнечное затмение 9 июля 1945 года [Solar eclipse of July 9, 1945] (PDF) (in Russian). Saratov: Saratov State University.