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defined as follows: T is the unit vector tangent to the curve, pointing in the direction of motion. N is the normal unit vector, the derivative of T with respect...

that a random vector is said to be k-variate normally distributed if every linear combination of its k components has a univariate normal distribution...

called principal planes, with normal vectors n {\displaystyle \mathbf {n} } , called principal directions, where the corresponding stress vector is perpendicular...

each row vector x ( i ) = ( x 1 , … , x p ) ( i ) {\displaystyle \mathbf {x} _{(i)}=(x_{1},\dots ,x_{p})_{(i)}} of X to a new vector of principal component...

unit tangent vector T. If the curvature κ of r at a certain point is not zero then the principal normal vector and the binormal vector at that point...

Euclidean space one may choose a unit normal vector. A normal plane at p is one that contains the normal vector, and will therefore also contain a unique...

second curve in R 3 {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{3}} such that the principal normal vectors to these two curves are identical at each corresponding point....

way, using the principal normal vector N. It lies in the osculating plane, the plane spanned by the tangent and principal normal vectors T and N at the...

the corresponding tangent vectors are called principal normal directions. Curvature can be evaluated along surface normal sections, similar to § Curves...

A normal plane is any plane containing the normal vector of a surface at a particular point. The normal plane also refers to the plane that is perpendicular...

In mathematics, a unit vector in a normed vector space is a vector (often a spatial vector) of length 1. A unit vector is often denoted by a lowercase...

know which vectors have their directions unchanged by a given linear transformation. An eigenvector (/ˈaɪɡən-/ EYE-gən-) or characteristic vector is such...

principal curvature. Principal directions - a term used in gear nomenclature. In stress analysis, a set of axes where the normal stress vector is maximized....

a Jordan matrix representing a linear operator on a finite-dimensional vector space with respect to some basis. Such a matrix has each non-zero off-diagonal...

of the space. A common example of a principal bundle is the frame bundle F ( E ) {\displaystyle F(E)} of a vector bundle E {\displaystyle E} , which consists...

and celestial dynamics, the orbital state vectors (sometimes state vectors) of an orbit are Cartesian vectors of position ( r {\displaystyle \mathbf {r}...

a secondary effect on bank. The principal axes of rotation imply reference planes, perpendicular to each axis: Normal plane, or yaw plane Transverse plane...

of the vector space into subspaces that are cyclic for A (i.e., spanned by some vector and its repeated images under A). Since only one normal form can...

In mathematics, a vector bundle is a topological construction that makes precise the idea of a family of vector spaces parameterized by another space...

vector parallel to that semiaxis (and parallel to the wavefront). Thus the direction of propagation (normal to the wavefront) to which each principal...