Marthad'ilan Yu'nim
| Marthad'ilan Yu'nim | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| King of Saba', Dhu Raydan, Hadramawt, Yamnat and their Arabs, on Tawdum and Tihamat | |||||||||
| Reign |
| ||||||||
| Predecessor | Sharhabil Yakkuf and Lakhni'ah Yanuf | ||||||||
| Successor | Marthad'ilan Yanuf | ||||||||
| Died | c. 504 Yemen | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Father | Lakhni'ah Yanuf | ||||||||
| Religion | Judaism | ||||||||
Marthad'ilan Yu'nim (Arabic: مرثد ألن ينعم) also known as Marthad al-Khayr, was a Himyarite king who primarily reigned in the late 5th century CE. He is known for his involvement in the Basus War.
Name
As attested in inscriptions, his name is Marthad'ilan Yu'nim; his full name being Marthad ibn Lakhni'ah Yanuf al-Himyari.[1] In the books of Arab heritage, his name is Marthad al-Khayr ibn Dhi Jadan.[2] The word Yun'im is Himyaritic for "blessed" which is al-Khayr in Arabic.
Reign
Marthad'ilan Yu'nim started his reign in the year 480. According to the inscription YM 1200, he constructed a synagogue and repaired an unknown monotheistic place of worship known as a Kenesit.[1][3] Christian J. Robin believed his reign ended in the year 485 CE[3] however there is an inscription dated to 502 CE which does mention his name along with his siblings; the inscription also does not mention him with royal titles.[4] According to the Arabian traditions, Marthad'ilan Yu'nim was succeeded by a king named Qarmal.[2]
Military campaigns
During the Basus War, large-scale riots between Banu Asad and Banu Bakr occured in Yemen. Marthad'ilan Yu'nim sent a force of five hundred soldiers to restore order and quell the riots.[2]
See also
References
- ^ a b Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, volume 28, pages 81–88. 1998.
- ^ a b c Abu Abdullah al-Zanjani. Kitab Sharh al-Tafasir al-Sabi'a. Shamela. p. 26.
- ^ a b The Oxford handbook of late antiquity. Oxford handbooks. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. 2012. ISBN 978-0-19-533693-1.
- ^ Robin, Christian Julien (2023-12-31). "La guerre en Arabie au iiie siècle de l'ère chrétienne, d'après les faits d'armes d'un prince ḥimyarite". Syria. Archéologie, art et histoire (in French) (100): 211–281. doi:10.4000/syria.15420. ISSN 0039-7946.