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within the universe). However, space and time took on new meanings with the Lorentz transformation and special theory of relativity. In 1908, Hermann Minkowski...

relativity—the Lorentz transformations preserve the spacetime interval between any two events. This property is the defining property of a Lorentz transformation...

particular, a Lorentz covariant scalar (e.g., the space-time interval) remains the same under Lorentz transformations and is said to be a Lorentz invariant...

called the Lorentz group O(1,n), while the case det g=+1 forms the restricted Lorentz group SO(1,n). The quadratic form becomes the Lorentz interval in terms...

theory of physics, a Lorentz scalar is a scalar expression whose value is invariant under any Lorentz transformation. A Lorentz scalar may be generated...

together make the Lorentz group (see also Lorentz invariance); the semi-direct product of the spacetime translations group and the Lorentz group then produce...

own rest frame. It is also known as Lorentz contraction or Lorentz–FitzGerald contraction (after Hendrik Lorentz and George Francis FitzGerald) and is...

interval between two events on a world line is the change in proper time, which is independent of coordinates, and is a Lorentz scalar. The interval is...

Euclidean and spacetime distances. The invariance of this interval is a property of the general Lorentz transform (also called the Poincaré transformation)...

The Lorentz factor or Lorentz term (also known as the gamma factor) is a quantity expressing how much the measurements of time, length, and other physical...

invariant the Lorentz interval x 2 + y 2 − z 2 = − 1 {\displaystyle x^{2}+y^{2}-z^{2}=-1} , which makes them mathematically equivalent to the Lorentz transformations...

There are many ways to derive the Lorentz transformations using a variety of physical principles, ranging from Maxwell's equations to Einstein's postulates...

In the physics of electromagnetism, the Abraham–Lorentz force (also known as the Lorentz–Abraham force) is the reaction force on an accelerating charged...

especially among physicists, as the Lorentz distribution (after Hendrik Lorentz), Cauchy–Lorentz distribution, Lorentz(ian) function, or Breit–Wigner distribution...

measurements used to sequence events, to compare the duration of events or the intervals between them, and to quantify rates of change of quantities in material...

What is now often called Lorentz ether theory (LET) has its roots in Hendrik Lorentz's "theory of electrons", which marked the end of the development...

results and empirical findings obtained by Albert A. Michelson, Hendrik Lorentz, Henri Poincaré and others. Max Planck, Hermann Minkowski and others did...

may then be displaced) because of the invariance of the spacetime interval under Lorentz transformation. The set of all null vectors at an event of Minkowski...

satellite navigation systems such as GPS and Galileo. Time dilation by the Lorentz factor was predicted by several authors at the turn of the 20th century...

for its image; that is, the interval −c < v < c maps onto −∞ < w < ∞. In 1908 Hermann Minkowski explained how the Lorentz transformation could be seen...