Lancia Flat-4 engine
Flat-4 engine | |
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![]() Boxer engine installed in a Lancia Flavia | |
Overview | |
Production | 1960-1984 |
Layout | |
Configuration | Naturally aspirated Flat-4 |
Displacement |
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Cylinder bore |
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Piston stroke |
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Cylinder block material | Light alloy |
Cylinder head material | Aluminum |
Valvetrain | Pushrod or Overhead camshaft |
Combustion | |
Fuel system | |
Fuel type | Petrol |
Cooling system | Water-cooled |
Output | |
Power output | 92–140 bhp (69–104 kW; 93–142 PS) |
Torque output | 172–208 N⋅m (127–153 lb⋅ft) |
Chronology | |
Predecessor | Lancia V4 engine |
The Lancia Flat-4 engine is an aluminum, pushrod, and later overhead camshaft, flat-four (boxer) engine made by Lancia, initially for the Flavia, from 1960 through 1984. Though it was designed as a pushrod engine, it was advanced for the time.[1] The pushrod version of the Lancia boxer was only ever used in the Flavia, and its derivatives including the Lancia 2000. In 1976, a new overhead cam engine based on a similar layout was designed and brought into production in 2 and 2.5-litre displacements for the Gamma.
Pushrod
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Lancia_Flavia_convertibile_engine%2C_Lime_Rock.jpg/220px-Lancia_Flavia_convertibile_engine%2C_Lime_Rock.jpg)
1500
The original version was the 1.5 L; 91.5 cu in (1,500 cc) introduced in 1960; it used an 82 mm × 71 mm (3.23 in × 2.80 in) bore and stroke. It was revised on 1963 with a smaller 80 mm (3.15 in) bore and a longer 74 mm (2.91 in) stroke, thus displacing 1.5 L; 90.8 cu in (1,488 cc). A final version was introduced in 1967 with an even longer 80 mm (3.15 in) stroke coupled with a 77 mm (3.03 in) bore, giving a displacement of 1.5 L; 90.9 cu in (1,490 cc). Production ceased in 1970.
1800
The first 1800 was a 1.7 L; 105.4 cu in (1,727 cc) introduced in 1962. It used an 88 mm × 71 mm (3.46 in × 2.80 in) bore and stroke. One year later it was replaced by a true 1.8 L; 109.8 cu in (1,800 cc) engine thanks to a longer 74 mm (2.91 in) stroke. In 1967 appeared the 1.8 L; 110.8 cu in (1,816 cc) version using an 85 mm × 80 mm (3.35 in × 3.15 in) bore and stroke.
2000
The 2.0 L; 121.5 cu in (1,991 cc) 2000 version was the ultimate Flavia engine. Bore and stroke was 89 mm × 80 mm (3.50 in × 3.15 in) for a good oversquare ratio. In 1971, the 2.0 L produced 115 bhp (86 kW; 117 PS),[citation needed] and in the HF Coupé in 1972 it produced 125 bhp (93 kW; 127 PS). This engine was produced from 1968 through 1974.
OHC
Lancia developed the large light-alloy overhead camshaft 2.0-litre and 2.5-litre flat-4 engines specifically for the Lancia Gamma, rather than using Fiat derived engines as used in the Beta and Montecarlo and were in production between 1976 and 1984.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lancia_Gamma_Engine.jpg/220px-Lancia_Gamma_Engine.jpg)
2000
Replacing the 2.0 L pushrod engine used in the Flavia, the new 2.0 L; 122.0 cu in (1,999 cc) OHC engine produced 120 bhp (89 kW; 122 PS) at 5500 rpm[2] and 172 N⋅m (127 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3500 rpm.
2500
The 2.5 L; 151.6 cu in (2,484 cc) engine was initially available with twin-choke Weber carburetors, but in the last few years of production it was equipped with fuel injection. In both forms, it produced 140 bhp (104 kW; 142 PS) at 5400 rpm and 208 N⋅m (153 lb⋅ft) torque at 3000 rpm.[3]
References
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- ^ Koch, Jeff (April 2008). "Lancia Flavia 1.8 Coupe vs. Alfa GTV 1750". Hemmings Motor News. American City Business Journals. Retrieved 28 December 2013.
Lancia's four has its cylinders horizontally-opposed, à la Porsche (or VW Beetle if you're uncharitable)--except it's water-cooled, hanging out over the nose, and driving the front wheels. Power, even at 92 bhp (69 kW; 93 PS), was far beyond VW's modest output in those days, even allowing for the displacement discrepancy.
- ^ Daily Express Guide to World Cars 1980, page 37
- ^ Car Catalogue International 1983, page 53