Kim Man-il

Kim Man-il
Kim Man-il
김만일
Born	Alexander Kim; c. 1943; Vyatskoye, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Died	1946–1948 (aged 3–5); Pyongyang, Soviet Korea (North Korean sources); Vyatskoye, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union (Soviet records)
Cause of death	Drowning
Parent(s)	Kim Il Sung; Kim Jong Suk
Family	Kim family

Kim Man-il (Korean: 김만일; Hanja: 金萬一; born Alexander Kim;^[a] 1943–1946/1948) was the second son of the North Korean founding leader Kim Il Sung and his first wife Kim Jong Suk. He was the younger brother of Kim Jong Il, the second leader of North Korea.

Biography

Soviet records show that he was born Alexander Kim in 1943 in the village of Vyatskoye, Khabarovsk Krai, Soviet Union. Inside his family, he went by the Russian diminutive nickname for "Alexander": Shura (Russian: Шура).^{[citation needed]}

Official North Korean biographies state that he and his older brother Kim Jong Il got along very well and played together.^[1]

Death

There are conflicting accounts of Kim Man-il's death. North Korean sources claim that in the summer of 1946 or 1948, he accidentally drowned while playing with his brother in a pond in Pyongyang.^[2] However, Russian sources indicate that he fell in a well in Vyatskoye and drowned, prior to the family moving back to Korea.^[3] Two North Korean defectors have alleged that the young Kim Jong Il was responsible. When the brothers were playing in the pond near the edge in chest-high water, Kim Jong Il raised his face above the water faster than Shura and pushed his younger brother's head back into the water while laughing, eventually drowning him in the process.^[4]

Official North Korean records state that, after Kim Man-il's death, Kim Jong Il was devastated and never got over the trauma. A grave allegedly belonging to Kim Man-il is located in Vyatskoye.^[5] A year after his death, in 1949, his mother Kim Jong Suk died while giving birth to a stillborn girl.

The Kim family tree (DPRK)

Na Hyeon-Jik

Kim Song-Ryeong

Lady Lee

Yi Po-Ik (Lee Bo-Ik)

Kim Song-ryeong
1810–1899

Kim Ung-u
1848–1878

Kim Bo-hyon
1871–1955

Kim Hyong-jik
1894–1926

Kang Pan-sok
1892–1932

Kim Jong-suk
1917–1949

Kim Il Sung
1912–1994

Kim Song-ae
1924–2014

Kim Yong-ju
1920–2021

Kim Young-sook
1947–

Song Hye-rim
1937–2002

Kim Jong Il
1941?^[ζ]–2011

Ko Yong-hui
1952–2004

Kim Ok
1964–

Kim Kyong-hui
1946–

Jang Song-thaek
1946–2013?

Kim Pyong Il
1954–

Kim Sol-song
1974–

Kim Jong-nam
1971–2017

Kim Jong-chul
1981–

Kim Jong Un
1983?^[η]–

Ri Sol-ju
c. 1986–

Kim Yo-jong
1987–

Kim Han-sol
1995–

Kim Ju-ae
c. 2012^[θ]–

Notes:

^ To keep the tree of manageable size, it omits five out of the seven known legitimate children of Kim Il Sung. Other children not shown in the tree are: Kim Man-il (1944-1947; child of Kim Jong Suk), Kim Kyong-jin (1952-; child of Kim Song-ae), Kim Yong-il (1955-2000; child of Kim Song-ae), and Kim Kyong Suk (1951-; child of Kim Song-ae). A stillborn daughter is also omitted. Kim Il Sung was reported to have had other children with women who he was not married to; they included Kim Hyŏn-nam (born 1972). Also, only some of the descendants of Kim Jong Il and Kim Jung Un (Kim Il Sung's successors) are included.
^ Korean names often have a variety of transliterations into English, which can be confusing. For example, "Kim Jong-chul" may also be written "Gim Jeong-cheol" or "Kim Jŏng-ch'ŏl" among many other variations. See Korean romanization for more information.
^ Huss, Kan; Frost, Clay. "North Korea's First Family: Mapping the personal and political drama of the Kim clan". msnbc.com. Archived from the original on 2012-02-04. Retrieved 20 January 2013. (Confirms many, but not all, of the birth and death years. See individual articles for more references.)
^ Yan, Holly (16 February 2017). "The world's most mysterious family tree: Kim Jong Un's secretive dynasty is full of drama, death". Design by Alberto Mier. CNN. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
^ Lee, Sung-Yoon (2023). "The Mount Paektu Dynasty (Family Tree)". The Sister: The extraordinary story of Kim Yo Jong, the most powerful woman in North Korea. United Kingdom: Macmillan. p. x-xi. ISBN 9781529073539.
^ Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong Il list his birth year as 1942. The Korean calendar is based upon the Chinese zodiac which is believed to characterize one's personality. The year 1942 (Year of the Horse), in addition to being 30 years since Kim Il Sung's birth may be viewed as a better year than others, thus creating a motive to lie about a birth year.
^ Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong Un list his birth year as 1982. The Korean calendar is based upon the Chinese zodiac which is believed to characterize one's personality. The year 1982 (Year of the Dog), in addition to being 70 years since Kim Il Sung's birth, may be viewed as a better year than others, thus creating a motive to lie about a birth year.
^ Birth year for Kim Ju-ae is not publicly known. She may have been born in either late 2012 or early 2013.

Notes

^ Russian: Александр Ким

References

^ Both Jerrold Post in Post, Jerrold M. (2008). "Kim Jong Il of North Korea: In the shadow of his father". International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies. 5 (3): 191–210. doi:10.1002/aps.167. and Robert Davison who publishes The Inquisitor cite North Korean defector Yi Ki-bong (이기봉; 李基奉) for statements that shed some doubt on this. Davison quotes from Yi's book, What Kind of Man is Kim Jong II [sic: Kim, Chŏng-il] (most likely Yi's chapter in 민족사 입장 에서 본 김 일성 정권): "Kim was very mischievous when a child. When he saw an insect, he trampled on it. After Korea's liberation from Japanese occupation, the Kim II-sung family lived in a house in Mansu-tong, Central District, P'yongyang. In the early summer of 1948, his younger brother, Shura (then age between three to five years old) drowned. Kim Jong II was there at the time. I learned later how the accident occurred. The two brothers were playing in the pond right by the edge. Kim Jong II raised his face faster than his brother, and pushed his brother's face back into water. He did that over and over." Davison, Robert (26 August 2009). "Despot of the Week #5 – Kim Jong II". Archived from the original on 30 August 2009.
^ None of the sources appear to be entirely authoritative and many show a bias towards or opposed to the Kim regime. "Kim Family". North Korea Leadership Watch. 25 September 2009. Archived from the original on 17 July 2015. gives a date of July 1947. Sources such as Behnke, Alison (2008). Kim Jong Il's North Korea (first ed.). Minneapolis, Minnesota: Twenty-First Century Books. p. 45. ISBN 978-0-8225-7282-4. give a generic 1947. While sources like North Korea: General Secretary Kim Jong-il Handbook. Washington, D.C.: International Business Publications. 2002. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-7397-6344-5. give a generic 1948.
^ Chung Byoung-sun (22 August 2002). "Sergeyevna Remembers Kim Jong Il". The Chosun Ilbo. Archived from the original on 24 November 2002.
^ Post, Jerrold M. (September 2008). "Kim Jong-Il of North Korea: in the shadow of his father". International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies. 5 (3): 195. doi:10.1002/aps.167. Retrieved 6 June 2024.
^ "Digital Chosunilbo (English Edition) : Daily News in English About Korea". The Chosun Ilbo. Archived from the original on 24 November 2002. Retrieved 12 January 2022.

[7] To keep the tree of manageable size, it omits five out of the seven known legitimate children of Kim Il Sung. Other children not shown in the tree are: Kim Man-il (1944-1947; child of Kim Jong Suk), Kim Kyong-jin (1952-; child of Kim Song-ae), Kim Yong-il (1955-2000; child of Kim Song-ae), and Kim Kyong Suk (1951-; child of Kim Song-ae). A stillborn daughter is also omitted. Kim Il Sung was reported to have had other children with women who he was not married to; they included Kim Hyŏn-nam (born 1972). Also, only some of the descendants of Kim Jong Il and Kim Jung Un (Kim Il Sung's successors) are included.

[8] Korean names often have a variety of transliterations into English, which can be confusing. For example, "Kim Jong-chul" may also be written "Gim Jeong-cheol" or "Kim Jŏng-ch'ŏl" among many other variations. See Korean romanization for more information.

[9] Huss, Kan; Frost, Clay. "North Korea's First Family: Mapping the personal and political drama of the Kim clan". msnbc.com. Archived from the original on 2012-02-04. Retrieved 20 January 2013. (Confirms many, but not all, of the birth and death years. See individual articles for more references.)

[10] Yan, Holly (16 February 2017). "The world's most mysterious family tree: Kim Jong Un's secretive dynasty is full of drama, death". Design by Alberto Mier. CNN. Retrieved 16 February 2017.

[11] Lee, Sung-Yoon (2023). "The Mount Paektu Dynasty (Family Tree)". The Sister: The extraordinary story of Kim Yo Jong, the most powerful woman in North Korea. United Kingdom: Macmillan. p. x-xi. ISBN 9781529073539.

[uncertainty2-12] Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong Il list his birth year as 1942. The Korean calendar is based upon the Chinese zodiac which is believed to characterize one's personality. The year 1942 (Year of the Horse), in addition to being 30 years since Kim Il Sung's birth may be viewed as a better year than others, thus creating a motive to lie about a birth year.

[uncertainty1-13] Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong Un list his birth year as 1982. The Korean calendar is based upon the Chinese zodiac which is believed to characterize one's personality. The year 1982 (Year of the Dog), in addition to being 70 years since Kim Il Sung's birth, may be viewed as a better year than others, thus creating a motive to lie about a birth year.

[uncertainty3-14] Birth year for Kim Ju-ae is not publicly known. She may have been born in either late 2012 or early 2013.

[1] Russian: Александр Ким

[2] Both Jerrold Post in Post, Jerrold M. (2008). "Kim Jong Il of North Korea: In the shadow of his father". International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies. 5 (3): 191–210. doi:10.1002/aps.167. and Robert Davison who publishes The Inquisitor cite North Korean defector Yi Ki-bong (이기봉; 李基奉) for statements that shed some doubt on this. Davison quotes from Yi's book, What Kind of Man is Kim Jong II [sic: Kim, Chŏng-il] (most likely Yi's chapter in 민족사 입장 에서 본 김 일성 정권): "Kim was very mischievous when a child. When he saw an insect, he trampled on it. After Korea's liberation from Japanese occupation, the Kim II-sung family lived in a house in Mansu-tong, Central District, P'yongyang. In the early summer of 1948, his younger brother, Shura (then age between three to five years old) drowned. Kim Jong II was there at the time. I learned later how the accident occurred. The two brothers were playing in the pond right by the edge. Kim Jong II raised his face faster than his brother, and pushed his brother's face back into water. He did that over and over." Davison, Robert (26 August 2009). "Despot of the Week #5 – Kim Jong II". Archived from the original on 30 August 2009.

[3] None of the sources appear to be entirely authoritative and many show a bias towards or opposed to the Kim regime. "Kim Family". North Korea Leadership Watch. 25 September 2009. Archived from the original on 17 July 2015. gives a date of July 1947. Sources such as Behnke, Alison (2008). Kim Jong Il's North Korea (first ed.). Minneapolis, Minnesota: Twenty-First Century Books. p. 45. ISBN 978-0-8225-7282-4. give a generic 1947. While sources like North Korea: General Secretary Kim Jong-il Handbook. Washington, D.C.: International Business Publications. 2002. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-7397-6344-5. give a generic 1948.

[4] Chung Byoung-sun (22 August 2002). "Sergeyevna Remembers Kim Jong Il". The Chosun Ilbo. Archived from the original on 24 November 2002.

[5] Post, Jerrold M. (September 2008). "Kim Jong-Il of North Korea: in the shadow of his father". International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies. 5 (3): 195. doi:10.1002/aps.167. Retrieved 6 June 2024.

[6] "Digital Chosunilbo (English Edition) : Daily News in English About Korea". The Chosun Ilbo. Archived from the original on 24 November 2002. Retrieved 12 January 2022.

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