Johann Peter Krafft

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Johann Peter Krafft (15 September 1780, Hanau - 28 October 1856, Vienna) was a German-born Austrian painter who specialized in portraits, historical works, and genre scenes.

His father was an enamel painter who originally came from a family of wine merchants in Alsace. His brother, Joseph Krafft (1786-1828), also became a painter of portrait miniatures. By the age of ten, Krafft was already attending a drawing school.

In 1799, he and sister were sent to live with an aunt in Vienna, where he immediately enrolled at the Academy of Fine Arts, where he studied history painting with Heinrich Friedrich Füger.

In 1802, he travelled to Paris with Veit Hanns Schnorr von Carolsfeld to continue his studies. There, he made the acquaintance of Jacques-Louis David and François Gérard, who had a major influence on his style.

Krafft returned to Vienna in 1805, where he established himself as a portrait painter. From 1808 to 1809, he went on a study trip through Italy and became a member of the Academy in 1813. Two years later, he married Juliana Preisinger, and three of their children became painters: Marie (1812–1885), Albrecht (1816–1847) and Julie (1821–1903). He was appointed a Professor at the Academy in 1823.

In 1828, he was named Director of the Galerie Belvedere, a position he held until his death. He became an Academic Counselor in 1835. Over the next few years, he travelled to Munich, Dresden and Venice, where he purchased 80 works for the museum. He was also employed as an expert on the preservation of monuments, working at Karlstein Castle, Schönbrunn Palace and the Jesuit Church.

Krafft died on 20 October 1856 and was buried at the Vienna Central Cemetery in Vienna. In 1885, a street in the Leopoldstadt district of the city was named after him.

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  Archduchess Clementina of Austria
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  The Departure of the Militiaman, 1813
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  Portrait of Napoléon II, 1818, private collection
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  The Homecoming of the Militiaman, 1820
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  The Battle of Aspern-Essling, 1820
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  The Siege of Szigetvár, 1825
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  Der Einzug von Kaiser Franz I. in Wien nach dem Pariser Frieden am 16. Juni 1814, c.1828
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  The Declaration of Victory After the Battle of Leipzig, 1839
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  Equestrian portrait of Franz I

• Constantin von Wurzbach: Krafft, Peter. In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich. 13. Theil. Kaiserlich-königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1865, pp. 106–110 (Online)
• Karl Weiß (1883), "Krafft, Johann Peter", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 17, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 19–20
• Marianne Frodl-Schneemann (1980), "Krafft, Johann Peter", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 12, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 645–646; (full text online)

• Marianne Frodl-Schneemann: Johann Peter Krafft 1780–1856. Monographie und Verzeichnis der Gemälde. Herold, 1984
• Nina Struckmeyer: Krafft, Johann Peter, in: Bénédicte Savoy and France Nerlich (Eds.): Pariser Lehrjahre. Ein Lexikon zur Ausbildung deutscher Maler in der französischen Hauptstadt. Vol. 1: 1793–1843, Berlin/Boston 2013, pp. 152–154.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Johann Peter Krafft.

• ArtNet: More works by Krafft.
• Literature by and about Johann Peter Krafft in the German National Library catalogue
• Johann Peter Krafft in Austria-Forum (in German) (at AEIOU)
• Entry about Johann Peter Krafft in the database Gedächtnis des Landes on the history of the state of Lower Austria (Lower Austria Museum)