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Gond-i Shahanshah ("the army of the Shahanshah"), also known by its Arabicized form of Jund-i Shahanshah, was the name of the 4,000 Daylamite elite unit...

(Ctesiphon) as an elite infantry guard formation, known as 'Gond-i Shāhanshāh'. These 'Gond-i Shāhanshāh' defect to the Muslim Arabs as the Arab Conquest progresses...

coverings of leather. Heavy cavalry Notitia Dignitatum, a primary source ARMY i. Pre-Islamic Iran. Encyclopædia Iranica. December 15, 1986, Updated: August...

members of the staff being from the former. After the reforms of Khosraw I, warriors from the dehqan class would also be enlisted. The asbaran have often...

claim that they had been used previously in the Greek campaign of King Xerxes I of Persia, and even further back at the time of Darius the Great at the Indus...

Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed Paygosban Marzban,...

Some scholars consider that marzbāns existed during the reign of Darius I (550–486 BC) of the Achaemenid Empire. There is some uncertainty for the exact...

Chaumont (1973) reconstructed the Persian name for the unit "Immortals" as gund-i mādiyān, for which Henning (1942) proposed the meaning "the principal battalion"...

functioned as the generalissimo of the Sasanian army. From the time of Khosrow I (r. 531–579) on, the office was split in four, with a spāhbad for each of...

Chronicon Anonymum, the vast majority (120,000) of Sasanian Emperor Khosrow I Anushirvan's army of 183,000 was made up of Paygan. The Paygan were frequently...

to use the grivpanvar in their armies, starting from the reign of Ardashir I until the final ruler Yazdegerd III lost his throne. One of the first deployments...

conducted in the Caucasus during the reign of Kavad I (r. 488–496, 498–531) and later his son Khosrow I (r. 531–579), in response to the pressure by people...

forces were established since the time of the empire's founder, Ardashir I. The main role of the Sasanian navy was to protect Sasanian economic interests...

holding it (the Kanarangiyan) is first attested in the reign of Yazdegerd I (r. 399–421), but was descended from some pre-Sasanian, most likely Parthian...

Empire. Argbeds were granted their command by the Sassanian emperor (Shahanshah) and were responsible for maintaining the security of their area of operation...

Sasanians, which is written down in one of the inscriptions of king Shapur I (r. 240–270), which mentions a certain Peroz holding the title. However, the...

Persia : from 550 BC to 650 AD (Newition ed.). 6 Salem Road, London, W2 4BU: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 1860646751.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) "Daniel...

of Shapur I (r. 240–270), the hazarbed may have briefly taken over the spahbed office, as it is not listed in the inscriptions of Shapur I. However, the...

Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed Paygosban Marzban,...

as darigbed under Shapur I (r. 240–270). Bozorgmehr, aristocrat from the House of Karen, who served as darigbed under Khosrow I (r. 531–579). Bahram Chobin...