Equestrian statue of Pedro I
Equestrian statue of Pedro I | |
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Portuguese: Estátua equestre de D. Pedro I | |
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Artist | João Maximiano Mafra Louis Rochet |
Completion date | 30 March 1862 |
Medium | Bronze |
Movement | Romanticism |
Dimensions | 6 m (240 in) |
Location | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
22°54′25″S 43°10′58″W / 22.90694°S 43.18278°W |
The equestrian statue of Pedro I is located in Tiradentes Square, in the city center of Rio de Janeiro, in the homonymous state, Brazil. It is a national historical heritage, listed by the National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN), since 4 March 1999. It is also a Rio de Janeiro state cultural heritage, registered by the Instituto Estadual do Patrimônio Cultural (INEPAC), since 26 September 1978.[1]
History
A monument in honor of emperor Pedro I of Brazil was idealized by the Senate since 1824, but due to the emperor's abdication in 1831 the project was abandoned.[1]
In 1854, on the occasion of the thirtieth anniversary of Brazil's Independence, the Municipal Chamber of Rio de Janeiro, by proposal of Haddock Lobo , decided to erect the statue.[2][3] The proposal was also approved by emperor Pedro II.[2]
A contest was then held in 1855 by the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts to choose the project. The winning project was that of artist João Maximiano Mafra , at the time director of the Academy. Louis Rochet , winner of the third place, was chosen to execute and cast the bronze sculptures in Paris.[1]
The place chosen for the monument was the Constituição Square (today Tiradentes Square), the same place where Pedro I swore the 1824 Constitution (in the São João Theatre) and also where Tiradentes was hanged on 21 April 1792.[2][3]
The inauguration, first set to take place on 25 March 1862, the day in which emperor Pedro I issued the 1824 Brazilian Constitution, was postponed to 30 March due to heavy rains.[1][3]
Description
As a whole, it presents emperor Pedro I on a horse, waving the 1824 Constitutional Charter in his right hand, the Brazilian provinces at the time, as well as the four great rivers of Brazil — Amazon, Madeira, São Francisco and Paraná. The allegories feature indigenous people and various species of animals — tapirs, armadillos, anteaters, capybaras — as well as golden wyverns and various other decorative motifs.[1][2][3]
On the main side, below the statue, it has the inscription "to D. Pedro I, gratitude of the Brazilian people". The base, 3.30 meters high, is made of Carioca granite; the pedestal, 6.40 meters high, is made of bronze and the statue, also made of bronze, is 6.00 meters high.[1][2]
Gallery
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Pictured by Marc Ferrez, unknown date
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Picture by Marc Ferrez
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Allegories, Amazon River on the right
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São Francisco River
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The statue in the 1861 Salon in Paris
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Rio de Janeiro – Monumento a Dom Pedro I". Ipatrimonio (in Portuguese). Retrieved 3 October 2022.
- ^ a b c d e Lucena, Felipe (5 May 2015). "História da estátua de Dom Pedro I na Praça Tiradentes". Diário do Rio (in Portuguese). Retrieved 3 October 2022.
- ^ a b c d Moura, Elmha Coelho Martins (2016). "A Estátua Equestre de D. Pedro I e a Educação Matemática nas Escolas de Aprendizes Artífices no Início da República". Bolema. 30 (56): 1244–1259. doi:10.1590/1980-4415v30n56a21. hdl:11449/169248.