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or may become unresponsive to future encounters with the antigen. "Costimulation", The Free Dictionary, retrieved 2019-07-05 Chen, Lieping; Flies, Dallas...

B7 is a type of integral membrane protein found on activated antigen-presenting cells (APC) that, when paired with either a CD28 or CD152 (CTLA-4) surface...

factors and their pathways: NFAT, NFkB and AP-1. In addition and after costimulation from CD28 the optimal activation of expression of IL-2 and these pathways...

either through interfering with the effect of cytokines, inhibiting the costimulation of T cell activation, or inhibiting B cells. Cytokines are proinflammatory...

transcriptional and post-translational alterations in T cells. Specifically, CD28 costimulation controls many aspects within T cells, one being the expression of proinflammatory...

Chopra, Gaurav; Weiss, Arthur; Bluestone, Jeffrey A. (May 2016). "CD28 Costimulation: From Mechanism to Therapy". Immunity. 44 (5): 973–988. doi:10.1016/j...

of CTLA-4, which is a molecule crucial in the regulation of T cell costimulation, selectively blocking the process of T-cell activation. It is intended...

Langerhans cells presenting human papillomavirus antigens in the absence of costimulation". Papillomavirus Research (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 2: 21–30. doi:10...

S, Rogers PR, Cheng M, Van Parijs L, Croft M (February 2004). "The costimulation-regulated duration of PKB activation controls T cell longevity". Nature...

"Program death-1 engagement upon TCR activation has distinct effects on costimulation and cytokine-driven proliferation: attenuation of ICOS, IL-4, and IL-21...

CTLA-4 was first identified in 1991 as a second receptor for the T cell costimulation ligand B7. In November 1995, the labs of Tak Wah Mak and Arlene Sharpe...

stilus stil- stiletto, stiliform, style, stylet, stylus stimulus stimul- costimulation, costimulatory, stimulate, stimulation, stimulative, stimulator, stimulus...

superfamily cytokine production positive regulation of cell migration T cell costimulation toxin transport negative regulation of activated T cell proliferation...

Excessive costimulation and/or insufficient co-inhibition leads to the tolerance-breakdown and autoimmunity. CD16a mediated costimulation provides a...

1074/jbc.270.36.21181. PMID 7545666. Mir MA (2015). "Introduction to Costimulation and Costimulatory Molecules". Developing Costimulatory Molecules for...

population of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in vivo is dependent on CD28 costimulation and inhibited by CTLA-4". Journal of Immunology. 155 (3): 1032–1036...

depleting agent rituximab, the anti-IL-6 receptor tocilizumab and the costimulation blocker abatacept have been shown to be useful in treating RA. Some...

experience with novel immunosuppressive agents. Kirk pioneered the use of costimulation pathway blockade to prevent organ rejection in transplant patients....

Transplant Rev (Orlando). 25(1):27-35 Ford ML, Larsen CP (2009), Translating costimulation blockade to the clinic - lessons learned from three pathways. Immunol...

W.; Peng, Stanford L. (August 2023). "Non-Redundant Roles of T Cell Costimulation Pathways in Inflammatory Arthritis Revealed by Dual Blockade of ICOS...