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particle physics, a boson (/ˈboʊzɒn/ /ˈboʊsɒn/) is a subatomic particle whose spin quantum number has an integer value (0, 1, 2, ...). Bosons form one of the...

gauge bosons had non-zero (rest) mass. Further, many promising solutions seemed to require the existence of extra particles known as Goldstone bosons. But...

physics, the W and Z bosons are vector bosons that are together known as the weak bosons or more generally as the intermediate vector bosons. These elementary...

the Higgs boson has spin zero and the hypothetical graviton has a spin of 2. Therefore, all known gauge bosons are vector bosons. Gauge bosons are different...

Confederation. Several Swedish national teams have annual training camps at Bosön. Bosöns sports training and education center, website. 59°22′52″N 18°10′53″E...

particle physics, a vector boson is a boson whose spin equals one. Vector bosons that are also elementary particles are gauge bosons, the force carriers of...

particles—twelve fermions and five bosons. As a consequence of flavor and color combinations and antimatter, the fermions and bosons are known to have 48 and 13...

6583755(23) MeV/c2.‍ Bosons are one of the two fundamental particles having integral spinclasses of particles, the other being fermions. Bosons are characterized...

particle and condensed matter physics, Goldstone bosons or Nambu–Goldstone bosons (NGBs) are bosons that appear necessarily in models exhibiting spontaneous...

fundamental interactions, using mediating gauge bosons. The species of gauge bosons are eight gluons, W− , W+ and Z bosons, and the photon. The Standard Model also...

implies that all bosons have an integer-valued spin. Scalar bosons are the subset of bosons with zero-valued spin. The name scalar boson arises from quantum...

includes 4 kinds of gauge bosons of spin 1, with bosons being quantum particles containing an integer spin. The gauge bosons are defined as force carriers...

Bose–Einstein condensates, atomic bosons, and fermionic condensates. A composite particle containing an even number of fermions is a boson, since it has integer spin...

identical bosons are scattered among N≫M2 modes of a linear interferometer with no two bosons in the same mode, then with high probability two bosons will...

three composite bosons are the W+ , W− , and Z0  bosons actually observed in the weak interaction. The fourth electroweak gauge boson is the photon (γ)...

the X and Y bosons (sometimes collectively called "X bosons": 437 ) are hypothetical elementary particles analogous to the W and Z bosons, but corresponding...

gauge bosons that are both believed to be massless; the other is the gluon (carrier of the strong force). The only other confirmed gauge bosons are the...

The number of bosons within a composite particle made up of simple particles bound with a potential has no effect on whether it is a boson or a fermion...

immediately. Like other massive particles (e.g. the top quark and W and Z bosons), Higgs bosons decay to other particles almost immediately, long before they can...

perturbations beyond simply fermions exchanging bosons; these additional perturbations can involve bosons that exchange fermions, as well as the creation...