1876 in Canada

Decades:	1850s; 1860s; 1870s; 1880s; 1890s;
See also:	History of Canada; Timeline of Canadian history; List of years in Canada;

Events from the year 1876 in Canada.

Incumbents

January 1 – The building of Fredericton City Hall is completed
February 1 – Andrew Elliott becomes premier of British Columbia, replacing George Walkem
April 12 - The Indian Act is passed. Consolidating and expanding on existing Canadian laws, it defines the special status and land regulations of Aboriginal peoples in Canada who live on reserves; status Indians have no vote in Canadian elections and are exempt from taxes
July 1 – The Intercolonial Railway connecting central Canada to the Maritimes is completed
August – Sir Louis Henry Davies becomes Premier of Prince Edward Island, replacing Lemuel Cambridge Owen
August 10 – The world's first long-distance phone call connects the Bell residence with a shoe and boot store in nearby Paris, Ontario.
August 23 – The first signings of Treaty 6. Further signings will be on August 28 and September 9.
October 7 – The District of Keewatin (incorporating the disputed area between Ontario and Manitoba) is separated from the North-West Territories.
October 10 – 1876 Prince Edward Island election: Lemuel Cambridge Owen's Conservatives win a second consecutive majority

The Toronto Women's Literary Club is founded as a front for the suffrage movement.
The Legislative Council of Manitoba is abolished, and the legislature becomes unicameral.

August 23 – William Melville Martin, politician and Premier of Saskatchewan (died 1970)
September 6 – John Macleod, physician, physiologist and Nobel laureate (died 1935)
October 6 – Ernest Lapointe, politician (died 1941)
November 18 – Walter Seymour Allward, sculptor (died 1955)
December 9 – Berton Churchill, actor (died 1940)

February 4 – Charles-Séraphin Rodier, mayor of Montreal (born 1797)
February 5 – George Ryan, politician (born 1806)
April 5 – Élisabeth Bruyère, nun (born 1818)
June 1 – Malcolm Cameron, businessman and politician (born 1808)
July 3 – Aldis Bernard, mayor of Montreal (born 1810)
July 27 – Thomas-Louis Connolly, Archbishop of Halifax (born 1814)
October 2 – Louis-Ovide Brunet, priest and botanist (born 1826)
October 6 – John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar, Governor General (born 1807)
December 13 – René-Édouard Caron, 2 Mayor of Quebec City and 2nd Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec (born 1800)

Edward Feild, Church of England clergyman, inspector of schools, bishop of Newfoundland (born 1801)
Wilson Ruffin Abbott, businessman and landowner (born 1801)

Bell's Ontario experiments lead to the first long-distance telephone conversation^[2]

Treaty 6 annexes land of Cree and other nations in exchange for reserves subject to sale or development, plus money and supplies^[3]

Mark Twain's anger at a Canadian firm publishing The Adventures of Tom Sawyer without permission^[4]

Emigrant's guide written especially for "people of small fortune"^[5]

^ "Queen Victoria | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
^ Alexander Graham Bell, "First Transmission of Speech over a Telegraph Line in Brantford, August 1876" The Pre-Commercial Period of the Telephone (1911), pgs. 14-16. Accessed 16 September 2018
^ "The Treaty at Forts Carlton and Pitt, Number Six" (September 9, 1876), Voices of the Plains Cree (1973, 1995), pgs. 124-9. Accessed 23 June 2021
^ Samuel Langhorne Clemens, "To Moncure D. Conway, 2 November 1876, Hartford, Conn." Mark Twain Project. Accessed 16 September 2018
^ John J. Rowan, The Emigrant and Sportsman in Canada; Some Experiences of an Old Country Settler (1876). Accessed 23 April 2020