140s
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The 140s decade ran from January 1, 140, to December 31, 149.
Events
140
By place
Roman Empire
- Emperor Antoninus Augustus Pius and Marcus Aurelius Caesar become Roman Consuls.
- Antoninus Pius recognizes the king of the Quadi, who becomes an ally of Rome.
- King Mithridates V dies;[1] Vologases III claims the throne and extends his rule throughout the Parthian Empire.[2]
- The export of olive oil from Hispania Baetica to Rome peaks.
By topic
Religion
- Pope Pius I succeeds Pope Hyginus as the tenth pope of Rome according to tradition.
- Marcion arrives in Rome, bringing Evangelikon and Apostolikon to the Christian community.
Art and science
141
By place
Roman Empire
- The Temple of Antoninus and Faustina is constructed in Rome; the temple is dedicated to Empress Faustina the Elder.
Asia
- Last (6th) year of Yonghe era of the Chinese Han Dynasty.
- The 141 Lycia earthquake affects most of the Roman provinces of Lycia and Caria and the islands of Rhodes, Kos, Simi and Serifos.[3][4][5] It triggers a severe tsunami, which causes major inundation.[6]
By topic
Religion
- Change of Patriarch of Constantinople from Felix of Byzantium to Polycarpus II of Byzantium.
Arts and Science
- 6th recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
142
By place
Roman Empire
- Emperor Antoninus Pius orders the construction of the Antonine Wall. The wall stretches 39 miles (63 km), from Old Kilpatrick in West Dunbartonshire on the Firth of Clyde, to Carriden near Bo'ness on the Firth of Forth (Scotland). The Romans build 19 forts and smaller fortlets (milecastles), to protect the border against the Caledonians.
- Municipal doctors are named throughout the Roman Empire.
Asia
- First year of the Hanan era of the Chinese Han Dynasty.
- The Chinese Taoist alchemist Wei Boyang, author of the Kinship of the Three, is the first to describe an early form of gunpowder solution.
By topic
Religion
- Marcion proclaims that the Old Testament is incompatible with Christianity.
143
- Antoninus Pius serves as Roman Consul.
- A revolt of the Brigantes tribe in Britannia is suppressed by Quintus Lollius Urbicus.
By topic
Medicine
- The Roman doctor Antyllus performs the first arteriotomy.
144
By place
Roman Empire
- Lucius Hedius Rufus Lollianus Avitus and Titus Statilius Maximus become Roman Consuls.
- The Roman campaigns in Mauretania begin.
Asia
- Change of era name from Hanan (3rd year) to Jiankang era of the Chinese Han dynasty.
- Change of emperor from Han Shundi to Han Chongdi of the Han dynasty.
- Reign of Huvishka, emperor of the Kushan Empire.
By topic
Religion
- Change of Patriarch of Constantinople from Polycarpus II to Athendodorus (until 148).
- Marcion of Sinope is excommunicated; a sect, Marcionism, grows out of his beliefs.
145
By place
Roman Empire
- Antoninus Augustus Pius and Marcus Aurelius Caesar become Roman Consuls.[7][8]
- Marcus Aurelius marries Faustina the Younger, the daughter of Antoninus Pius.[9]
- Arrian becomes archon in Athens.[10]
Asia
- Change of emperor from Han Chongdi to Han Zhidi of the Chinese Han dynasty.[11]
146
By place
Roman Empire
- Faustina the Younger is given the title Augusta, and becomes Roman Empress.
- Marcus Aurelius receives the imperium proconsular.
Asia
- Change of era name from Yongxi (1st year) to Benchu era of the Chinese Han dynasty.
- Han Huandi succeeds Han Zhidi as emperor of the Chinese Han dynasty.
- Chadae becomes ruler of the Korean kingdom of Goguryeo.[12]
147
By place
Roman Empire
- Marcus Aurelius receives imperial powers, from Emperor Antoninus Pius.
- Festivals to celebrate the 900th anniversary of the founding of Rome begin.[13]
- King Vologases III dies after a 42-year reign, in which he has contended successfully with his rivals.
- King Vologases IV, son of Mithridates V of Parthia, unites the Parthian Empire under his rule.
Asia
- First year of Jianhe of the Chinese Han Dynasty.
148
By place
Roman Empire
Emperor Antoninus Pius hosts a series of grand games, to celebrate Rome's 900th anniversary.[14]
Asia
By topic
Religion
- Euzois succeeds Athendodorus, as Patriarch of Constantinople.[16]
149
Significant people
- Antoninus Pius, Roman Emperor (138–161)
Births
140
- Ballomar, leader of the Marcomanni (approximate date)
- Zhang Jiao, leader of the Yellow Turban Rebellion (d. 184)
141
- Cheng Yu, Chinese politician and court advisor (d. 220)
- Ummidia Cornificia Faustina, Roman noblewoman (d. 182)
142
- Papinian, Roman jurist and praetorian prefect (d. 212)
- Elpinice, Roman noblewoman (d. 165)
- Liu Biao, Chinese governor (d. 208)
143
- Athenais, Roman noblewoman (d. 161)
- Chong of Han, Chinese emperor (d. 145)
144
- Kahiko-Lue-Mea, Hawaiian ruler [17]
145
- April 11 – Septimius Severus, Roman emperor (d. 211)[18]
146
147
- Annia Galeria Aurelia Faustina, daughter of Marcus Aurelius (approximate date)
- Jia Xu (or Wenhe), Chinese official and adviser (d. 223)
- Lokaksema, Kushan Buddhist monk and traveler (d. 189)
148
149
- Sima Fang (or Jiangong), Chinese official and scholar of the Han Dynasty (d. 219)[19]
Deaths
140
- Faustina the Elder, Roman empress (b. 100 AD)
- Gaius Bruttius Praesens Lucius Fulvius Rusticus, Roman politician (b. AD 68)
- Menelaus of Alexandria, Greek mathematician (b. AD 70)
- Mithridates V, king of the Parthian Empire
141
- Faustina the Elder, Roman empress (b. c. AD 100)
- Philo of Byblos, Phoenician historical writer (b. AD 64)
142
143
144
- September 20 – Han Shundi, Chinese emperor (b. 115)
- Polemon of Laodicea, Greek sophist (b. c. AD 90)
145
- Han Chongdi, Chinese emperor of the Han dynasty (b. 143)[11]
146
- Han Zhidi, Chinese emperor of the Han dynasty (b. 138)
- Sextus Erucius Clarus, Roman politician
147
- Li Gu, Chinese scholar and official (b. AD 93)
- Vologases III, king of the Parthian Empire
- Xu Shen, Chinese politician and writer (b. AD 58)
148
- Athendodorus, Patriarch of Constantinople.
References
- ^ Hopkins, Edward (28 March 1998). "Chronological Listing of Parthian Rulers". Parthia. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ Hopkins, Edward (March 28, 1998). "Vologases III". Parthia. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ Tek A.T. "The Coins of Gordianus III found at Arykanda. Evidence for an Earthquake Relief Fund in Lycia?" (PDF). p. 951. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
- ^ Erel T.L. & Adatepe F. (2007). "Traces of Historical earthquakes in the ancient city life at the Mediterranean region" (PDF). Journal of Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment. 13: 241–252. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
- ^ "Comments for the tsunami event". Significant Earthquake Database. National Geophysical Data Center. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
- ^ Altinok Y.; Alpar B.; Ozer N. & Aykurt H. (2011). "Revision of the tsunami catalogue affecting Turkish coasts and surrounding regions" (PDF). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. 11. doi:10.5194/nhess-11-273-2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
- ^ Testa, David W. Del (2014). Government Leaders, Military Rulers and Political Activists. Routledge. p. 118. ISBN 978-1-135-97566-1.
- ^ "Marcus Aurelius | Biography, Meditations, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ^ Kleiner, Fred S. (2016). A History of Roman Art. Cengage Learning. p. 222. ISBN 978-1-337-51577-1.
- ^ "Arrian | Greek historian". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ^ a b Higham, Charles (2014). Encyclopedia of Ancient Asian Civilizations. Infobase Publishing. pp. 77 & 413. ISBN 978-1-4381-0996-1.
- ^ "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
- ^ Rachet, Marguerite (1980), "Decennalia et Vincennalia sous la Dynastie des Antonins" [Decennalia and Vicennalia under the Antonine Dynasty], Revue des Études Anciennes [Review of Ancient Studies] (in French), vol. 82, Bordeaux: University Press of Bordeaux, pp. 200–242.
- ^ Mattern, Susan P. (2002). Rome and the Enemy: Imperial Strategy in the Principate. University of California Press. p. 141. ISBN 978-0-520-23683-7.
- ^ Zürcher, Erik (1959). The Buddhist conquest of China: the spread and adaptation of Buddhism in early medieval China. Vol. 1. Brill Archive. p. 30.
- ^ Eder, Walter; Renger, Johannes; Henkelman (2007). Brill's chronologies of the ancient world New Pauly names, dates and dynasties. Brill. p. 319. ISBN 978-90-04-15320-2.
- ^ "Kahiko". Archived from the original on October 18, 2016. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
- ^ "Septimius Severus | Roman emperor". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ^ Ancient and Early Medieval Chinese Literature (vol. 2): A Reference Guide, Part Two. BRILL. 2013. p. 986. ISBN 9789004201644.