Adalbert of Pomerania: Difference between revisions
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Manannan67 (talk | contribs) Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at de:Adalbert von Pommern; see its history for attribution. |
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{{Expand German|Adalbert von Pommern|date=June 2012}} |
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'''Adalbert of Pomerania''' ({{lang-de|Adalbert or Albert von Pommern}}, {{lang-pl|Wojciech I}}) (born before 1124; died 1162) was the first bishop of the 12th century [[Bishopric of Cammin|Pomeranian bishopric]], with its see in [[Wolin (town)|Wolin]] (also Jumne, Julin). He was a monk of the [[Michaelsberg Abbey, Bamberg]] and former [[chaplain]] to [[Bolesław III Wrymouth]] of Poland, whence he knew the [[Pomeranian language]] of the temporarily Polish-subjugated West Slavic population, whereas the [[Jomsvikings|Joms Vikings]] and other Germanic inhabitants of the Pomeranian coast understood his [[old German]] language. |
'''Adalbert of Pomerania''' ({{lang-de|Adalbert or Albert von Pommern}}, {{lang-pl|Wojciech I}}) (born before 1124; died 1162) was the first bishop of the 12th century [[Bishopric of Cammin|Pomeranian bishopric]], with its see in [[Wolin (town)|Wolin]] (also Jumne, Julin). He was a monk of the [[Michaelsberg Abbey, Bamberg]] and former [[chaplain]] to [[Bolesław III Wrymouth]] of Poland, whence he knew the [[Pomeranian language]] of the temporarily Polish-subjugated West Slavic population, whereas the [[Jomsvikings|Joms Vikings]] and other Germanic inhabitants of the Pomeranian coast understood his [[old German]] language. |
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| ⚫ | Adalbert participated in the conversion of the pagan inhabitants of [[Pomerania]] ([[Lutici]] and [[Pomeranians (Slavic tribe)|Slavic Pomeranians]]) during the missionary expeditions of Otto of Bamberg in 1124 and 1128, when he aided Otto as his assistant and interpreter. Adalbert is assumed to be of Polish origin.<ref name="Buchholz p.29">Werner Buchholz, ''Pommern'', Siedler, 1999, p. 29, {{ISBN|3-88680-272-8}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | The territory was put under the jurisdiction of the [[archdiocese of Magdeburg|archbishopric of Magdeburg]] by Holy Roman emperor [[Otto I]], King of Germany. In 1133 the Magdeburg archbishop Saint Norbert received verification by the pope of his jurisdiction over a number of dioceses, including those in Pomerania. However, bishop [[Otto of Bamberg]] had actually baptized the Pomeranians and therefore thought to add it to his southern Bamberg archdiocese and in order to avoid conflicts, pope [[Innocent II]] exempted the Pomeranian bishopric(s). |
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| ⚫ | The territory was put under the jurisdiction of the [[archdiocese of Magdeburg|archbishopric of Magdeburg]] by Holy Roman emperor [[Otto I]], King of Germany. In 1133 the Magdeburg archbishop Saint Norbert received verification by the pope of his jurisdiction over a number of dioceses, including those in Pomerania. However, bishop [[Otto of Bamberg]] had actually baptized the Pomeranians and therefore thought to add it to his southern Bamberg archdiocese and in order to avoid conflicts, pope [[Innocent II]] exempted the Pomeranian bishopric(s). |
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Otto did not succeed during his lifetime in founding a diocese, due to a conflict between the archbishops of [[Archdiocese of Magdeburg|Magdeburg]] and [[Archdiocese of Gniezno|Gniezno]] about ecclesiastical hegemony in the area.<ref name=jan>Jan M Piskorski, ''Pommern im Wandel der Zeiten'', 1999, p. 47, {{ISBN|83-906184-8-6}} {{OCLC|43087092}}: "...gelang es ihm nicht, ein pommersches Bistum ins Leben zu rufen – vermutlich eine Folge der Kompetenzstreitigkeiten zwischen den Erzbistümern Gnesen und Magdeburg."</ref> [[Pope Innocent II]] founded the diocese by a [[papal bull]] of 14 October 1140, and made the church of St. Adalbert at ([[Wolin (town)|Julin (Wollin/Wolin)]] on [[Wolin|Wollin/Wolin]] island the see of the diocese.<ref>[http://www.kirche-mv.de/Geschichte.90.0.html PEK History (German)] [http://www.kirche-mv.de/Pommersche-KG-in-Daten-polnisch.5331.0.html PEK History (Polish)]</ref><ref name=Buske14>Norbert Buske, ''Pommern'', Schwerin: Helms, 1997, p. 14, {{ISBN|3-931185-07-9}}</ref><ref name=jan/> In the bull, the new diocese was placed "under the protection of the see of the Holy Peter", thwarting ambitions of the archbishops of [[Archdiocese of Magdeburg|Magdeburg]] and [[Archdiocese of Gniezno|Gniezno]], who both wanted to incorporate the new diocese as [[suffragan]] into their archdioceses.<ref name=Buske14/> |
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Otto had recommended his chaplain Adalbert as bishop, which was supported by [[Ratibor I, Duke of Pomerania]]. Adalbert was consecrated bishop at Rome. Adalbert and [[Ratibor I, Duke of Pomerania|Ratibor I]] founded [[Stolpe Abbey]] at the side of [[Wartislaw I, Duke of Pomerania|Wartislaw I]]'s assassination by a pagan in 1153, the first monastery in Pomerania. The new foundation was occupied by monks from Berge Abbey near Magdeburg and all churches to be built in the future were subordinated to it. |
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After the death of Duke Ratibor I, Adalbert received the same support from his two nephews, Dukes Bogislaw I and Kasimir I. His last act was the confirmation of the richly gifted [[Usedom Abbey|Grobe Monastery]] near Usedom, founded by Ratibor I, on 8 June 1159. |
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When Wolin was destroyed by Danes in the late 12th century, the diocese was moved to [[Kamien Pomorski|Cammin]] (also Kammin, now [[Kamień Pomorski]] ); this bishopric became known as the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Kammin]]. |
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In 1139 Otto of Bamberg died and was followed by [[Egilbert of Bamberg]], who received the jurisdiction over the Pomeranian diocese. In 1140 Adalbert went to Rome, where he was invested as bishop of Pomerania in [[Wolin]] from 1140<ref name="Buchholz p.29"/> to 1162. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 01:50, 5 September 2019
Adalbert of Pomerania (German: Adalbert or Albert von Pommern, Polish: Wojciech I) (born before 1124; died 1162) was the first bishop of the 12th century Pomeranian bishopric, with its see in Wolin (also Jumne, Julin). He was a monk of the Michaelsberg Abbey, Bamberg and former chaplain to Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland, whence he knew the Pomeranian language of the temporarily Polish-subjugated West Slavic population, whereas the Joms Vikings and other Germanic inhabitants of the Pomeranian coast understood his old German language.
Adalbert participated in the conversion of the pagan inhabitants of Pomerania (Lutici and Slavic Pomeranians) during the missionary expeditions of Otto of Bamberg in 1124 and 1128, when he aided Otto as his assistant and interpreter. Adalbert is assumed to be of Polish origin.[1]
The territory was put under the jurisdiction of the archbishopric of Magdeburg by Holy Roman emperor Otto I, King of Germany. In 1133 the Magdeburg archbishop Saint Norbert received verification by the pope of his jurisdiction over a number of dioceses, including those in Pomerania. However, bishop Otto of Bamberg had actually baptized the Pomeranians and therefore thought to add it to his southern Bamberg archdiocese and in order to avoid conflicts, pope Innocent II exempted the Pomeranian bishopric(s).
Otto did not succeed during his lifetime in founding a diocese, due to a conflict between the archbishops of Magdeburg and Gniezno about ecclesiastical hegemony in the area.[2] Pope Innocent II founded the diocese by a papal bull of 14 October 1140, and made the church of St. Adalbert at (Julin (Wollin/Wolin) on Wollin/Wolin island the see of the diocese.[3][4][2] In the bull, the new diocese was placed "under the protection of the see of the Holy Peter", thwarting ambitions of the archbishops of Magdeburg and Gniezno, who both wanted to incorporate the new diocese as suffragan into their archdioceses.[4]
Otto had recommended his chaplain Adalbert as bishop, which was supported by Ratibor I, Duke of Pomerania. Adalbert was consecrated bishop at Rome. Adalbert and Ratibor I founded Stolpe Abbey at the side of Wartislaw I's assassination by a pagan in 1153, the first monastery in Pomerania. The new foundation was occupied by monks from Berge Abbey near Magdeburg and all churches to be built in the future were subordinated to it.
After the death of Duke Ratibor I, Adalbert received the same support from his two nephews, Dukes Bogislaw I and Kasimir I. His last act was the confirmation of the richly gifted Grobe Monastery near Usedom, founded by Ratibor I, on 8 June 1159.
When Wolin was destroyed by Danes in the late 12th century, the diocese was moved to Cammin (also Kammin, now Kamień Pomorski ); this bishopric became known as the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kammin.
References
- ^ Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p. 29, ISBN 3-88680-272-8
- ^ a b Jan M Piskorski, Pommern im Wandel der Zeiten, 1999, p. 47, ISBN 83-906184-8-6 OCLC 43087092: "...gelang es ihm nicht, ein pommersches Bistum ins Leben zu rufen – vermutlich eine Folge der Kompetenzstreitigkeiten zwischen den Erzbistümern Gnesen und Magdeburg."
- ^ PEK History (German) PEK History (Polish)
- ^ a b Norbert Buske, Pommern, Schwerin: Helms, 1997, p. 14, ISBN 3-931185-07-9
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