Eastern Orthodoxy by country: Difference between revisions
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==Authority== |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" style="border:1px black; float:right; margin-left:1em;" |
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|+ style="background:#f99;" colspan="2"|% of Orthodox Christians who say they recognize the following patriarch as the highest authority of the Orthodox Church in 2017 |
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<ref>{{cite web|title=Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2017/05/10/religious-belief-and-national-belonging-in-central-and-eastern-europe/|website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|date=10 May 2017}}</ref> |
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!Country !! [[Kirill of Moscow|Kirill]] !! [[Bartholomew I of Constantinople|Bartholomew]] || National Patriarch |
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| {{flag|Georgia}} || {{Percentage bar| 0|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 1|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 93|c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Romania}} || {{Percentage bar| 5|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 16|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 58|c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Moldova}} || {{Percentage bar| 51|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar|10|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 0|c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Ukraine}} || {{Percentage bar| 17|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 7|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 46|c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Greece}} || {{Percentage bar| 3|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 56|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 25|c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Belarus}} || {{Percentage bar| 54|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 8|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 0|c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Russia}} || {{Percentage bar| 69|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 4|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 0|c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Serbia}} || {{Percentage bar| 18|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 4|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 56|c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Bulgaria}} || {{Percentage bar| 9|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 8|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 59|c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Latvia}} || {{Percentage bar| 57|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 8|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 0|c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Estonia}} || {{Percentage bar| 65|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 7|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 0|c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Bosnia}} || {{Percentage bar| 29|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 8|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar|0 |c=blue|width=50}} |
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| {{flag|Armenia}} || {{Percentage bar| 24|c=red|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 10|c=green|width=50}} || {{Percentage bar| 24|c=blue|width=50}} |
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==Eastern Orthodox Church by jurisdiction== |
==Eastern Orthodox Church by jurisdiction== |
Revision as of 18:17, 17 June 2017
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Eastern_Orthodoxy_by_country.png/450px-Eastern_Orthodoxy_by_country.png)
Part of a series on the |
Eastern Orthodox Church |
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Overview |
Based on the numbers of adherents, the Eastern Orthodox Church (also known as Eastern Orthodoxy) is the second largest Christian communion in the world after the Roman Catholic Church.[1] The most common estimates of the number of Eastern Orthodox Christians worldwide is approximately 225–300 million.[2] The numerous Protestant groups in the world, if taken all together, outnumber the Eastern Orthodox,[3] but they differ theologically and do not form a single communion.[4]
Eastern Orthodoxy is the largest single religious faith in the world's largest country by area - Russia (41%[5][6]-77%[7][8]),[9] where roughly half of the Eastern Orthodox Christians live. It is the majority religion in Ukraine (65.4%[10]- 77%[11]), Romania (82%),[12] Belarus (48%[13]-73%[14]) Greece (95%-98%),[12] Serbia (85%),[12] Bulgaria (59%),[12] Moldova (93%),[12] Georgia (84%),[12] Macedonia (65%),[12] Southern Cyprus (89%),[12] Montenegro (72%),[12] Estonia (14%), and it is also predominant in the disputed territories of Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Transnistria.
Significant minorities, making up between 1 and 31 per cent of the population, are present in several European countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina (31%),[12] Latvia (18%), Albania (7%),[15] (census in Albania deemed corrupt, number has always been around 20%) Lithuania (4%), Croatia (4%), Slovenia (2%), and Finland (1.5%). In Asia, around the former USSR, Eastern Orthodoxy constitutes the dominant religion in northern Kazakhstan, representing 23.9%,[16] of the population of the region, and is also a significant minority in Kyrgyzstan (17%), Turkmenistan (5%), Uzbekistan (5%), Azerbaijan (2%),[12] and Tajikistan (1%). In Lebanon, 8% are Eastern Orthodox.[17] In Syria, 5-8% were Eastern Orthodox prior to the war, and Eastern Orthodox Christians represent between 0.5% and 2.5% in Palestine,[18] and over 1% in Jordan. Recent immigration and missionary activity raised the numbers of the Eastern Orthodox community in Catholic and Protestant countries such as Australia, Austria, Germany, Italy, Spain, Australia, Canada and Switzerland to roughly 2% of the population in each.
The percentage of Christians in Turkey fell from 19 percent in 1914 to 2.5 percent in 1927,[19] due to events which had a significant impact on the country's demographic structure, such as the Armenian Genocide, the population exchange between Greece and Turkey,[20] and the emigration of Christians to foreign countries (mostly in Europe and the Americas).[21] Today there are more than 160,000 people of different Christian denominations.[22]
Eastern Orthodox population by country
The number of members of the Eastern Orthodox Church in each country has been subject to a lot of debate. Each study performed that seeks to discover the number of adherents in a country may use different criteria, and be submitted to different populations. As such, some numbers may be inflated, and therefore inaccurate. Examples of this are Greece and Russia, where estimates of adherence to Eastern Orthodoxy may reach 80-98%, but where surveys found lower percentages professing Eastern Orthodoxy or belief in God. The likely reason for this disparity is that many people in these majority Eastern Orthodox countries will culturally identify with the Eastern Orthodox Church, especially if they were baptized as children, even if they are not currently practicing. This includes those who may be irreligious, yet culturally identify with the Eastern Orthodox Church, or for whom Eastern Orthodox Christianity is listed on official state records. Other cases of incongruent data also might be due to counting ethnic groups from Eastern Orthodox countries rather than actual adherents. A case of this is the United States, which has large numbers of immigrants from Eastern Orthodox countries. The Eastern Orthodox jurisdictions often reported large numbers of members, which together would total 2-3 million across the country. However, a 2010 study by Alexei Krindatch sought data from each parish, with the specific criteria of annual participation. This study produced the "Atlas of American Orthodox Christian Churches", and discovered that there were only about 817,000 Eastern Orthodox Christians actively practicing their faith (that is to say, attending church services on a regular basis) in the United States. The study explained that such a difference was due to a variety of circumstances, for example the higher numbers having counted all people who self-identify as Eastern Orthodox on a census regardless of active participation, or all people belonging to ethnic groups originating in Eastern Orthodox countries. This study, while initially controversial, proved groundbreaking, and has since been officially approved for use by the Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of North and Central America.
As such, any data used to figure the population of Eastern Orthodox per nation, should be understood as estimated rather than exact. Additionally, total numbers of Eastern Orthodox Christians throughout the world may be anywhere from 150 million to 300 million, depending on the studies and definitions which are used.
Country | Total Population | % Eastern Orthodox | Eastern Orthodox total |
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2,921,977 | 6.75% (as per census, number likely upwards of 20%) | 188,992 [23] (census unreliable, deemed corrupt, number is expected to be much higher) |
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3,262,200 | 0.04% | 1,200 |
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23,824,600 | 2.6% | 563,100[24] |
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8,602,112 | 2.2% | 190,000 |
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9,624,900 | 2.5% | 240,000 |
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9,481,000 | 48.3% | 4,590,000[13] |
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3,871,643 | 31%[12] | 1,200,000 |
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7,348,328[25] | 59.4%[26] | 4,374,135 |
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33,476,688 | 1.7% | 550,690[27] |
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4,284,889 | 4.44%[28] | 195,969 |
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838,897 | 89.1%[12] | 781,900 |
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10,538,275 | 0.2% | 20,533 |
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84,550,000 | 0.39% | 350,000[29] |
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1,294,486 | 13.66% | 176,773[30][31] |
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5,477,359 | 1.10%[32] | 59,000 |
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3,729,635 | 82.1% | 3,550,000 |
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80,716,000 | 1.87% | 1,500,000 |
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10,815,197 | 95% | 10,270,000 |
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7,821,850[12] | 0.67%[12] | 50,000 |
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60,795,612 | 1.5% | 900,000[33] |
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126,880,000 | 0.03% | 30,000[34] |
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6,508,887 | 1.50% | 100,000 |
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17,948,816 | 23.9% | 4,300,000 [16] |
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1,733,842 | 1.48% | 25,837 |
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5,895,100 | 17%[35] | 1,000,000 |
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2,027,000 | 17.9% | 370,000[36] |
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4,125,247 | 8%[12] | 330,000 |
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2,966,954 | 4.1% | 125,189[37] |
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2,022,547 | 64.8% | 1,310,184[38] |
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121,736,809 | 0.00012% | 15,000 |
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3,383,332 | 93.3% | 3,158,015 |
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625,266 | 72.0% | 446,858[39] |
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4,599,327 | 0.3% | 13,883[16] |
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4,550,368 | 1.50%[18] | 70,000 |
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38,186,860 | 0.4% | 156,000[40][41] |
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20,121,641 | 81.1% | 16,321,389 [42] |
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145,500,000 | 46.6%[44]-77.0%[45][46] | 58,800,000[47][48]-101,450,000[49] |
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7,186,862 | 84.59% | 6,079,396[50] |
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5,397,036 | 0.9% | 49,133[51] |
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2,055,496 | 2.2% | 45,000 |
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46,464,053 | 3.10% | 1,500,000 |
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9,775,572 | 1.0% | 97,000 |
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8,211,700 | 1.7% | 140,000[52] |
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22,457,336 | 5% | 1,200,000 |
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8,208,000 | 2% | 160,000 |
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505,153 | 91%[53] | 460,000 |
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77,695,904 | 0.8% | 60,000 |
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5,171,643 | 5%[54] | 410,000 |
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40,000,000 | 65.4%-76.6%[11] | 27,802,000[10]-34,850,000[11] |
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321,163,157 | 0.25% | 817,528 [55] |
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29,559,100 | 5%[56] | 1,000,000 |
TOTAL | NA | NA | ~260 million[11] |
Authority
Country | Kirill | Bartholomew | National Patriarch |
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Eastern Orthodox Church by jurisdiction
Autocephalous Orthodox Churches
The Eastern Orthodox Church is organized as a union of several autocephalous subdivisions, which are also called "Churches" (or, sometimes, "jurisdictions"). Some are associated with a specific country, while others are not. This table presents some known data regarding individual jurisdictions. "NA" means that data is not available.
Jurisdiction | Bishops | Priests | Monastics | Monasteries | Parishes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Constantinople | 125 | NA | 1,800 [Note 1] | 142 | 648 |
Alexandria | 41 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Antioch | 36 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Jerusalem | 20 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Russia | 217 | 30,675 | NA | 807 | 30,142 |
Serbia | 44 | NA | NA | 49 | 3,100 |
Romania | 53 | 15,068 | 7,605 | 359 | 15,717 |
Bulgaria | 15 | 1,500 | NA | 120 | 2,600 |
Georgia | 37 | 437 | NA | NA | 600 |
Cyprus | 16 | NA | NA | 67 | NA |
Greece | 101 | 10,000 | 3,541 [58] | 541 [58] | NA |
Poland | 12 | NA | NA | NA | 400 |
Albania | 6 | 135 | NA | 150 | 909 |
Czech Lands & Slovakia | 6 | NA | NA | NA | 172 |
Orthodox Church in America | 14 | NA | NA | 20 | 700 |
Total | 743 | 54,382 | 12,946 | 2,256 | 54,939 |
Notes
- ^ This is including Mount Athos
References
- ^ Major Branches of Religions Ranked by Number of Adherents
- ^ Orthodox Affiliation
- ^ Jay Diamond, Larry. Plattner, Marc F. and Costopoulos, Philip J. World Religions and Democracy. 2005, page 119.(also in PDF file, p49), saying "Not only do Protestants presently constitute 13 percent of the world's population—about 800 million people—but since 1900 Protestantism has spread rapidly in Africa, Asia, and Latin America." Archived March 25, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Major Branches of Religions
- ^ Arena - Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia. Sreda.org
- ^ 2012 Survey Maps. "Ogonek", ? 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 24-09-2012.
- ^ VTSIOM
- ^ Public Opinion Foundation
- ^ There is no official census of religion in Russia, and estimates are based on surveys only. In August 2012, ARENA determined that about 46.8% of Russians are Christians (including Orthodox, Catholic, Protestant, and non-denominational), which is slightly less than an absolute 50%+ majority. However, later that year the Levada Center determined that 76% of Russians are Christians, and in June 2013 the Public Opinion Foundation determined that 65% of Russians are Christians. These findings are in line with Pew's 2010 survey, which determined that 73.6% of Russians are Christians, with VTSIOM's 2010 survey (~77% Christian), and with Ipsos MORI's 2011 survey (69%).
- ^ a b РЕЛІГІЯ, ЦЕРКВА, СУСПІЛЬСТВО І ДЕРЖАВА: ДВА РОКИ ПІСЛЯ МАЙДАНУ (Religion, Church, Society and State: Two Years after Maidan), 2016 report by Razumkov Center in collaboration with the All-Ukrainian Council of Churches. pp. 27-29.
- ^ a b c d "Pewforum: Christianity (2010)" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-05-14.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Field Listing :: Religions". The World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved 22 May 2014.
- ^ a b Religion and denominations in the Republic of Belarus by the Commissioner on Religions and Nationalities of the Republic of Belarus from November 2011
- ^ Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe: National and religious identities converge in a region once dominated by atheist regimes
- ^ Religion in Albania#Religious demography
- ^ a b c Table 28, 2013 Census Data – QuickStats About Culture and Identity – Tables.
- ^ Lebanon – International Religious Freedom Report 2010 U.S. Department of State. Retrieved on 14 February 2010.
- ^ a b https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/we.html
- ^ Içduygu, Ahmet; Toktas, Şule; Ali Soner, B. (1 February 2008). "The politics of population in a nation-building process: emigration of non-Muslims from Turkey". Ethnic and Racial Studies. 31 (2): 358–389. doi:10.1080/01419870701491937.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Chapter The refugees question in Greece (1821-1930) in "Θέματα Νεοελληνικής Ιστορίας", ΟΕΔΒ ("Topics from Modern Greek History"). 8th edition". Nikolaos Andriotis. 2008.
{{cite web}}
:|format=
requires|url=
(help); Missing or empty|url=
(help) - ^ "'Editors' Introduction: Why a Special Issue?: Disappearing Christians of the Middle East" (PDF). Editors' Introduction. 2001. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
- ^ "Religions". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
- ^ [1]
- ^ http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/2071.0Main%20Features902012%E2%80%932013
- ^ "Population, total". United Nations. The World Bank. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
- ^ "People and Society :: Bulgaria – Religions". The World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
- ^ http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/130508/dq130508b-eng.htm?HPA
- ^ http://www.dzs.hr/Hrv/censuses/census2011/results/htm/usp_04_HR.htm
- ^ "Egypt Religions & Peoples from "LOOKLEX Encyclopedia"". LookLex Ltd. September 30, 2008.
- ^ "PC0454: AT LEAST 15-YEAR-OLD PERSONS BY RELIGION, SEX, AGE GROUP, ETHNIC NATIONALITY AND COUNTY, 31 DECEMBER 2011". Statistics Estonia. 31 December 2011. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
- ^ "PHC 2011: over a quarter of the population are affiliated with a particular religion". Statistics Estonia. 29 April 2013. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
- ^ http://www.stat.fi/tup/suoluk/suoluk_vaesto_en.html#structure
- ^ Caritas Dossier Immigrazione 2007 Archived November 29, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ ???????????? ???? ????????? ? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? (in Russian). Interfax Russia. 2009-12-07.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|url=
(help) - ^ http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2001/5598.htm
- ^ "Tieslietu ministrija iesniegtie religisko organizaciju parskati par darbibu 2011. gada" (in Latvian). Archived from the original on 2012-11-26. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania. "Ethnicity, mother tongue and religion". Archived from the original on 2014-10-08.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help). 2013-03-15. - ^ http://www.stat.gov.mk/publikacii/knigaX.pdf
- ^ "Popis stanovništva, domacinstava i stanova u Crnoj Gori 2011. godine" (PDF) (Press release) (in Serbo-Croatian and English). Statistical office, Montenegro. 12 July 2011. Retrieved 30 March 2011.
{{cite press release}}
: Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help) - ^ GUS, Narodowy Spis Powszechny Ludnosci 2011: 4.4. Przynaleznosc wyznaniowa (National Survey 2011: 4.4 Membership in faith communities) p. 99/337 (PDF file, direct download 3.3 MB). ISBN 978-83-7027-521-1 Retrieved 27 December 2014.
- ^ Glówny Urzad Statystyczny (2012). Rocznik statystyczny Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej 2012 (PDF). Warszawa: Zaklad Wydawnictw Statystycznych. Template:Pl icon/Template:En icon
- ^ 2011 Census Religion Statistics (final results) Template:Ro icon
- ^ There is no official census of religion in Russia, and estimates are based on surveys only. In August 2012, ARENA determined that about 46.8% of Russians are Christians (including Orthodox, Catholic, Protestant, and non-denominational), which is slightly less than an absolute 50%+ majority. However, later that year the Levada Center determined that 76% of Russians are Christians, and in June 2013 the Public Opinion Foundation determined that 65% of Russians are Christians. These findings are in line with Pew's 2010 survey, which determined that 73.6% of Russians are Christians, with VTSIOM's 2010 survey (~77% Christian), and with Ipsos MORI's 2011 survey (69%).
- ^ Arena - Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia. 2012 National Survey of Religions in Russia. Sreda.org
- ^ VTSIOM
- ^ Public Opinion Foundation
- ^ http://fom.ru/obshchestvo/10953 Public Opinion Foundation
- ^ http://www.levada.ru/17-12-2012/v-rossii-74-pravoslavnykh-i-7-musulman Levada Center
- ^ http://fom.ru/obshchestvo/10953 Public Opinion Foundation
- ^ "????????????, ??????????? ? ???????? – ???? : ????? ? ?????? 2011". Popis2011.stat.rs.
- ^ "Table 14 Population by religion" (PDF). Statistical Office of the SR. 2011. Retrieved Jun 8, 2012.
- ^ "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung ab 15 Jahren nach Religions- / Konfessionszugehörigkeit, 2011-2013". http://www.bfs.admin.ch (Statistics) (in German). Neuchâtel: Swiss Federal Statistical Office. 2015. Archived from the original (XLS) on 29 May 2015. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
{{cite web}}
: External link in
(help); Unknown parameter|website=
|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples – Transnistria (unrecognised state): Overview". Refworld. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Retrieved 30 June 2012.
- ^ "????????.ru: "??????????? ????? ??????????????? ???????????" / ?????? / ??????????.ru". Patriarchia.ru. Retrieved 2012-02-23.
- ^ Krindatch, Alexei (2011). Atlas of American Orthodox Christian Churches. Brookline, MA: Holy Cross Orthodox Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-1-935317-23-4.
- ^ http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2924.htm
- ^ "Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 10 May 2017.
- ^ a b CNEWA – Church of Greece