Little Christmas: Difference between revisions
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{{about|the traditional celebration of Christmas on January 6|the Tasmanian island|Little Christmas Island}} |
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{{Infobox holiday | |
{{Infobox holiday | |
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|holiday_name=Little Christmas |
|holiday_name=Little Christmas |
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|image= |
|image= |
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|nickname='''Ireland'''<br>Women's Christmas<br> Women's Little Christmas <br> Nollaig na mBan<br> '''Scotland''' <br>Là Challuinn <br>Là na Bliadhna Ùire<br>'''Other'''<br>Old Christmas |
|nickname='''Ireland'''<br/>Women's Christmas<br/> Women's Little Christmas <br/> Nollaig na mBan<br/> '''Scotland''' <br/>Là Challuinn <br/>Là na Bliadhna Ùire<br/>'''Other'''<br/>Old Christmas |
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|observedby=[[Christianity in Ireland|Christians in Ireland]] and the [[Irish people|Irish diaspora]], particularly women <br>[[Scottish Highlands|Scottish Highlanders]] |
|observedby=[[Christianity in Ireland|Christians in Ireland]] and the [[Irish people|Irish diaspora]], particularly women <br/>[[Scottish Highlands|Scottish Highlanders]] |
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|date=6 January in Ireland, 1 January in the [[Scottish Highlands]] |
|date=6 January in Ireland, 1 January in the [[Scottish Highlands]] |
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|observances=religious services, gift giving, family gatherings, meeting friends |
|observances=religious services, gift giving, family gatherings, meeting friends |
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|relatedto= Christmas, [[Epiphany (holiday)|Epiphany]]}} |
|relatedto= Christmas, [[Epiphany (holiday)|Epiphany]]}} |
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'''Little Christmas''' ( |
'''Little Christmas''' ({{lang-ga|Nollaig Bheag}}) is one of the traditional names in Ireland for 6 January, which is also widely known in the rest of the world as the Feast of the [[Epiphany (holiday)|Epiphany]]. It is sometime thought that it is called this because under the older [[Julian calendar]], Christmas Day celebrations fell on that day whereas under the [[Gregorian calendar]] it falls on 25 December. However the eastern tradition of celebrating the birth of Jesus on 6 January precedes the creation of the Gregorian Calendar by hundreds of years. By the year 1500 AD eastern Churches were celebrating Christmas on 6 January and western churches were celebrating it on 25 December even though both were using the Julian Calendar.<ref>[http://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-topics/new-testament/how-december-25-became-christmas/ McGowan, Andrew, "How December 25 Became Christmas"]</ref> It is the traditional end of the Christmas season and until 2013 was the last day of the Christmas holidays for both primary and secondary schools in Ireland.<ref>[http://www.citizensinformation.ie/categories/education/primary-and-post-primary-education/attendance-and-discipline-in-schools/school_terms_in_primary_and_postprimary School terms in primary and post-primary schools]</ref> |
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In the [[Scottish Highlands]] the term ''Little Christmas'' ( |
In the [[Scottish Highlands]] the term ''Little Christmas'' ({{lang-gd|Nollaig Bheag}}) is applied to New Year's Day, also known as {{lang|gd|''Là Challuinn''}}, or {{lang|gd|''Là na Bliadhna Ùire''}},<ref name=Dwelly>Edward Dwelly, ''Illustrated Gaelic-English Dictionary'' (Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2001).</ref> while Epiphany is known as {{lang|gd|''Là Féill nan Rìgh''}}, the feast-day of the Kings.<ref name=Dwelly/> The [[Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer|Transalpine Redemptorists]] who live on [[Papa Stronsay]] celebrate 'Little Christmas' on the twenty-fifth day of every month, except for December, when the twenty-fifth day is of course celebrated as Christmas Day. |
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In some parts of England, such as [[Lancashire]], this day is also known as Little Christmas.<ref name="Cheshire notes and queries">{{cite book|title=Cheshire notes and queries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_GMuAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=3 January 2012|year=1882|publisher=Swain and Co., Ltd.}}</ref> In the [[Isle of Man]], New Year's Day on 1 January was formerly called ''Laa Nolick beg'' in [[Manx language|Manx]], or ''Little Christmas Day'', while 6 January was referred to as ''Old Christmas Day''.<ref name="Moore1971">{{cite book|author=Arthur William Moore|title=The folk-lore of the Isle of Man|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UXHJv1CgB0C&pg=PA150|accessdate=3 January 2012|year=1971|publisher=Forgotten Books|isbn=978-1-60506-183-2|pages=150–}}</ref> The name ''Little Christmas'' is also found in other languages including [[Slovene language|Slovene]] (''mali Božič''), [[Galician language|Galician]] (''Nadalinho''), and [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]. |
In some parts of England, such as [[Lancashire]], this day is also known as Little Christmas.<ref name="Cheshire notes and queries">{{cite book|title=Cheshire notes and queries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_GMuAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=3 January 2012|year=1882|publisher=Swain and Co., Ltd.}}</ref> In the [[Isle of Man]], New Year's Day on 1 January was formerly called ''Laa Nolick beg'' in [[Manx language|Manx]], or ''Little Christmas Day'', while 6 January was referred to as ''Old Christmas Day''.<ref name="Moore1971">{{cite book|author=Arthur William Moore|title=The folk-lore of the Isle of Man|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UXHJv1CgB0C&pg=PA150|accessdate=3 January 2012|year=1971|publisher=Forgotten Books|isbn=978-1-60506-183-2|pages=150–}}</ref> The name ''Little Christmas'' is also found in other languages including [[Slovene language|Slovene]] ({{lang|sl|''mali Božič''}}), [[Galician language|Galician]] ({{lang|gl|''Nadalinho''}}), and [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]. |
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In [[Scandinavia]], where the main celebration of Christmas is on Christmas Eve, the evening of the 23rd is known as ''little Christmas eve'' ( |
In [[Scandinavia]], where the main celebration of Christmas is on Christmas Eve, the evening of the 23rd is known as ''little Christmas eve'' ({{lang-da|lillejuleaften}}).<ref name="Foundation1917">{{cite book|author=American-Scandinavian Foundation|title=Scandinavian review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JPk5AQAAIAAJ|accessdate=3 January 2012|year=1917|publisher=American-Scandinavian Foundation.}}</ref><ref name="Norwegian Migration to America">{{cite book|title=Norwegian Migration to America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vmjz0Iq9x5EC&pg=PA216|accessdate=3 January 2012|publisher=Ardent Media|pages=216–|id=GGKEY:AEZFNU47LJ2}}</ref> In [[Norway]] and [[Sweden]], Little Christmas Day refers to 13 January ({{lang-no|Tyvendedagen}}; {{lang-sv|Tjugondedag}}), twenty days after Christmas, and is regarded as the day when ornaments must be removed from [[Christmas tree]]s and any leftover food must be eaten.<ref name="Raman2005">{{cite book|author=Varadaraja Raman|title=Variety in Religion and Science: Daily Reflections|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xq_ia3xPzmYC&pg=PA37|accessdate=3 January 2012|date=June 2005|publisher=iUniverse|isbn=978-0-595-35840-3|pages=37–}}</ref> |
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In some parts of the Spanish-speaking world, Christmas Day is strictly religious, and gifts are exchanged on the feast of the Epiphany, when the wise men (or Magi) brought gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh to the baby Jesus. Tradition names them Gaspar, Melchior and Balthasar. The custom of blessing homes on Epiphany developed because the feast commemorates the time that the three kings visited the home of Jesus, Mary and Joseph. The 12 days of Christmas begin on Christmas Day (December 25) and end on January 5, eve of the traditional date of the Epiphany.<ref>http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/Christmas/faqs.asp#littlechristmas</ref> |
In some parts of the Spanish-speaking world, Christmas Day is strictly religious, and gifts are exchanged on the feast of the Epiphany, when the wise men (or Magi) brought gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh to the baby Jesus. Tradition names them Gaspar, Melchior and Balthasar. The custom of blessing homes on Epiphany developed because the feast commemorates the time that the three kings visited the home of Jesus, Mary and Joseph. The 12 days of Christmas begin on Christmas Day (December 25) and end on January 5, eve of the traditional date of the Epiphany.<ref>http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/Christmas/faqs.asp#littlechristmas</ref> |
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==Women's Christmas== |
==Women's Christmas== |
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Little Christmas is also called '''Women's Christmas''' ( |
Little Christmas is also called '''Women's Christmas''' ({{lang-ga|Nollaig na mBan}}), and sometimes ''Women's Little Christmas''. The tradition, still very strong in [[County Cork|Cork]] and [[County Kerry|Kerry]] is so called because of the Irish men taking on household duties for the day.<ref>[http://www.ireland-fun-facts.com/little-womens-christmas.html Little Women's Christmas]</ref> Most women hold parties or go out to celebrate the day with their friends, sisters, mothers, and aunts. Bars and restaurants serve mostly women and girls on this night. Children often buy presents for their mothers and grandmothers. |
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| ⚫ | In Ireland and [[Puerto Rico]], it is the traditional day to remove the Christmas tree and decorations. The tradition is not well documented, but one article from ''The Irish Times'' (January 1998), entitled ''On the woman's day of Christmas'',<ref>[http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/features/1998/0106/98010600081.html ireland.com – [[The Irish Times]], 8 January 1998 ''On the women's day of Christmas'']</ref> describes both some sources of information and the spirit of this occasion. |
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It is very common in Ireland and also in [[Puerto Rico]], that it is the traditional day to remove the Christmas tree and decorations. |
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| ⚫ | The tradition is not well documented, but one article from ''The Irish Times'' (January 1998), entitled ''On the woman's day of Christmas'',<ref>[http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/features/1998/0106/98010600081.html ireland.com – [[The Irish Times]], 8 January 1998 ''On the women's day of Christmas'']</ref> describes both some sources of information and the spirit of this occasion. |
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==Set |
==Set dancing== |
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A " |
A "Little Christmas" is also a figure in Irish [[set dancing]].<ref>[http://www.setdanceteacher.co.uk/kilfenora.htm Kelfenora set figures]</ref> It refers to a figure where half the set, four dancers, join together with hands linked behind partners lower back, and the whole figure proceeds to rotate in a clockwise motion, usually for eight bars.<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxdYeE4Ipq4 YouTube video of the Labasheeda Set 3rd Figure Reel-Little Christmas]</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 09:35, 5 January 2016
| Little Christmas | |
|---|---|
| Also called | Ireland Women's Christmas Women's Little Christmas Nollaig na mBan Scotland Là Challuinn Là na Bliadhna Ùire Other Old Christmas |
| Observed by | Christians in Ireland and the Irish diaspora, particularly women Scottish Highlanders |
| Type | Christian, Irish and Scottish |
| Significance | visit of the Three Kings to Jesus, former date of Christmas |
| Observances | religious services, gift giving, family gatherings, meeting friends |
| Date | 6 January in Ireland, 1 January in the Scottish Highlands |
| Related to | Christmas, Epiphany |
Little Christmas (Irish: Nollaig Bheag) is one of the traditional names in Ireland for 6 January, which is also widely known in the rest of the world as the Feast of the Epiphany. It is sometime thought that it is called this because under the older Julian calendar, Christmas Day celebrations fell on that day whereas under the Gregorian calendar it falls on 25 December. However the eastern tradition of celebrating the birth of Jesus on 6 January precedes the creation of the Gregorian Calendar by hundreds of years. By the year 1500 AD eastern Churches were celebrating Christmas on 6 January and western churches were celebrating it on 25 December even though both were using the Julian Calendar.[1] It is the traditional end of the Christmas season and until 2013 was the last day of the Christmas holidays for both primary and secondary schools in Ireland.[2]
In the Scottish Highlands the term Little Christmas (Scottish Gaelic: Nollaig Bheag) is applied to New Year's Day, also known as [Là Challuinn] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help), or [Là na Bliadhna Ùire] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help),[3] while Epiphany is known as [Là Féill nan Rìgh] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help), the feast-day of the Kings.[3] The Transalpine Redemptorists who live on Papa Stronsay celebrate 'Little Christmas' on the twenty-fifth day of every month, except for December, when the twenty-fifth day is of course celebrated as Christmas Day.
In some parts of England, such as Lancashire, this day is also known as Little Christmas.[4] In the Isle of Man, New Year's Day on 1 January was formerly called Laa Nolick beg in Manx, or Little Christmas Day, while 6 January was referred to as Old Christmas Day.[5] The name Little Christmas is also found in other languages including Slovene ([mali Božič] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)), Galician ([Nadalinho] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)), and Ukrainian.
In Scandinavia, where the main celebration of Christmas is on Christmas Eve, the evening of the 23rd is known as little Christmas eve (Danish: lillejuleaften).[6][7] In Norway and Sweden, Little Christmas Day refers to 13 January (Norwegian: Tyvendedagen; Swedish: Tjugondedag), twenty days after Christmas, and is regarded as the day when ornaments must be removed from Christmas trees and any leftover food must be eaten.[8]
In some parts of the Spanish-speaking world, Christmas Day is strictly religious, and gifts are exchanged on the feast of the Epiphany, when the wise men (or Magi) brought gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh to the baby Jesus. Tradition names them Gaspar, Melchior and Balthasar. The custom of blessing homes on Epiphany developed because the feast commemorates the time that the three kings visited the home of Jesus, Mary and Joseph. The 12 days of Christmas begin on Christmas Day (December 25) and end on January 5, eve of the traditional date of the Epiphany.[9]
In other parts of the world, it is sometimes referred to as Old Christmas or Old Christmas Day, so called for the same reasons as in Ireland.[10][11]
Women's Christmas
Little Christmas is also called Women's Christmas (Irish: Nollaig na mBan), and sometimes Women's Little Christmas. The tradition, still very strong in Cork and Kerry is so called because of the Irish men taking on household duties for the day.[12] Most women hold parties or go out to celebrate the day with their friends, sisters, mothers, and aunts. Bars and restaurants serve mostly women and girls on this night. Children often buy presents for their mothers and grandmothers.
In Ireland and Puerto Rico, it is the traditional day to remove the Christmas tree and decorations. The tradition is not well documented, but one article from The Irish Times (January 1998), entitled On the woman's day of Christmas,[13] describes both some sources of information and the spirit of this occasion.
Set dancing
A "Little Christmas" is also a figure in Irish set dancing.[14] It refers to a figure where half the set, four dancers, join together with hands linked behind partners lower back, and the whole figure proceeds to rotate in a clockwise motion, usually for eight bars.[15]
References
- ^ McGowan, Andrew, "How December 25 Became Christmas"
- ^ School terms in primary and post-primary schools
- ^ a b Edward Dwelly, Illustrated Gaelic-English Dictionary (Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2001).
- ^ Cheshire notes and queries. Swain and Co., Ltd. 1882. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
- ^ Arthur William Moore (1971). The folk-lore of the Isle of Man. Forgotten Books. pp. 150–. ISBN 978-1-60506-183-2. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
- ^ American-Scandinavian Foundation (1917). Scandinavian review. American-Scandinavian Foundation. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
- ^ Norwegian Migration to America. Ardent Media. pp. 216–. GGKEY:AEZFNU47LJ2. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
- ^ Varadaraja Raman (June 2005). Variety in Religion and Science: Daily Reflections. iUniverse. pp. 37–. ISBN 978-0-595-35840-3. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
- ^ http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/Christmas/faqs.asp#littlechristmas
- ^ John Harland (May 2003). Lancashire Folklore. Kessinger Publishing. pp. 216–. ISBN 978-0-7661-5672-2. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
- ^ George Augustus Sala (1869). Rome and Venice: with other wanderings in Italy, in 1866-7. Tinsley brothers. pp. 397–. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
- ^ Little Women's Christmas
- ^ ireland.com – The Irish Times, 8 January 1998 On the women's day of Christmas
- ^ Kelfenora set figures
- ^ YouTube video of the Labasheeda Set 3rd Figure Reel-Little Christmas