Comiso Airport: Difference between revisions

Comiso-Ragusa Airport Aeroporto di Comiso "V. Magliocco" NATO Base Comiso Comiso Air Station Comiso Airfield
The new control tower
IATA: CIY ICAO: LICB
Summary
Airport type	Public
Location	Comiso (Ragusa)
Elevation AMSL	620 ft / 190 m
Coordinates	36°59′30″N 14°36′25″E / 36.99167°N 14.60694°E / 36.99167; 14.60694
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 05/23 2,460 8,070 Asphalt
Width: . . . . 45 m . - . 148 f Instrument Landing System on 05

Comiso Airport (IATA: CIY, ICAO: LICB), also known as Vincenzo Magliocco Airport is located in the Sicilian province of Ragusa, 5 km from Comiso and 15 km from Ragusa. It changed from military to civil use during 2005-2008. The airport will open to general aviation and cargo in the near future.

The installation began as an aerodrome that was constructed in southeastern Sicily, at the foot of the Iblei Mountains and near the city of Comiso. The airport was designed in 1934 under the fascist regime but building works did not start until 1935 and were finished in 1939. Magliocco Aerodromo was dedicated in 1936 and named in honor of Major General Vincenzo Magliocco, the first Sicilian to become a general officer in the Italian Air Force. Magliocco had been killed in the Ethiopian war in 1936.

It became one of several key airdromes in southern Sicily during World War II. German forces were stationed there in 1941, as part of Italy's Axis Alliance, and the German Luftwaffe in 1943 conducted air operations against Allied positions in North Africa after its withdrawal from Tunisa.

Aerial bombardments by the Allies rendered the airdrome unserviceable on 26 May and 17 June 1943 in preparation for Operation Husky, the allied landings on Sicily. Just after the landing on the nearby Sicilian beaches two Ju-87 Stuka dive bombers took off from Comiso to bomb the landing beaches, only to be met by United States Army troops at the airfield when they landed for rearming and fuel. Ground assault forces of the II Corps, under the command of (then) Lieutenant General Omar Bradley, captured the base on July 11, 1943. Six days later, after quick repairs to the airfield, Allied air forces began operations at Magliocco, designated Comiso Airfield by the Allies, coming under the USAAF Twelfth Air Force. It was primarily used to support airborne and assault glider operations. Known American units assigned to the base were:

• 340th Bombardment Group, 3-27 August 1943 (B-25 Mitchell)
• 17th Troop Carrier Squadron, 3 September 1943-8 July 1944 (C-47 Skytrain)
• 16th Troop Carrier Squadron, 4 September 1943-10 July 1944 (C-47 Skytrain)
• 35th Troop Carrier Squadron, 7 September 1943-9 January 1945 (C-47 Skytrain)
• 18th Troop Carrier Squadron, 8 September 1943-9 January 1945 (C-47 Skytrain)
• 12th Troop Carrier Squadron, 22 October-9 November 1943 (C-47 Skytrain)

The airdrome remained under Allied control until American forces left in early 1945.

The airfield and facilities at Magliocco fell into disuse during the postwar years. In 1954 Al Italia, the Italian national airline, began commercial operations there. The faciities were and enlarged, with a runway that was to be 1,740 m (5,710 ft) long, the airport was opened to civil aviation. The airport was also a base for the 41st Storm of Catania (Italian Air Force), until 1973. However, the airport was little used.

On August 7, 1981 it was officially selected as the second European main operating base for BGM-109G Ground Launched Cruise Missiles (GLCM), deployed by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in response to the development and deployment of new intercontinental and intermediate range missiles by the Soviet Union.

On March 17, 1982, Commander George W. Holland, of the U.S. Navy Civil Engineering Corps, arrived at Comiso as the resident officer in charge of construction. The Air Force activated the 7024th Special Activities Squadron at NAS Sigonella in May of 1982 as a primary point of contact and liaison with the Italian Ministry of Defense regarding initial site preparations at Comiso. At Comiso, the buildings on the base were almost all bombed out shells and the runway had trees growing out of it. A few of the old buildings were refurbished and used by the USAF or the Italian Air Force, but most were demolished carefully, because of the large amount of un-exploded World War II ordnance, a new base was constructed from the ground up, which was completed on 13 August 1982. After demolition, limited facilities were constructed for the establishment of an interim base support facility or "porta-cabin city" for the 1983 summer arrival of the United States Air Force 487th Combat Support Group.

The first permanently assigned U.S. military personnel arrived in April 1983 in the early stages of the construction of the base. There was a small Italian Air Force contingent there at that time, along with a U.S. Navy construction office. The 487th Combat Support Group was assigned to Comiso Air Station in May 1983; their efforts led to the 30 June 30 1983 activation of the 487th Tactical Missile Wing. Construction of permanent facilities began that summer, with the first major support facilities, which included the first two dormitories which were completed in late 1983. These facilities belonged to the first of three increments of construction, which would activate the wing and base in stages.

During the summer of 1983, three large anti-nuclear demonstrations, largely funded by the Communist Party, were conducted around the base perimeter, with as many as 5,000 protesters at the events in late July, August and September. After these three demonstrations, which also involved a large number of Italian police, both local and national, the protesters appeared to lose interest and only a few very small incidents took place over the following years.

From 1983 to 1991 Comiso Air Base was the largest NATO base in southern Europe and housed 112 BGM-109G Ground Launched Cruise Missiles,. Comiso Air Station was a very tightly-controlled facility with a large security presence assigned due to the mission of the base, and the presence of nuclear-armed missiles which were stored at the base.

The U.S. Air Force 487th Tactical Missile Wing and Italian Air Force host organization jointly accomplished the NATO GLCM mission at Comiso until the base closed on 30 June 1991, a result of the signing of the Intermediate-range Nuclear Force Treaty signed in 1987.

Today the NATO air base, located on the southeast side of the runway, is totally abandoned and empty. Weeds and unkempt vegetation have been growing for the past 20 years. Most of the buildings are empty, and the housing units in particular have been scavenged clean of any valuable appliances, wiring, and plumbing left behind. Some of the housing units are used as makeshift archives for provincial records. Anyone is able to walk in and tour the area without any worry.

Refurbishment work to reactivate the airport started in 2004 and was completed during the winter of 2008. The new runway is 2,460 m (8,070 ft) long and 60 m (200 ft) wide, (45 m (148 ft) with two hard shoulders, each of 7.5 m (24 ft 7 in)) and has three fast exits (B1, B2 and B3); they connect to a taxiway which is 38 m (125 ft) wide. An ILS (Instrument Landing System) was installed and a new control tower 19 m (62 ft) high, was built.

The first civil flight was made ​​on a 30 April 2007, after the necessary tests and the inauguration of the new runway, the start of regular scheduled flights could be commenced by spring 2013, but the unavailability of the State to make available resources for air traffic controllers has blocked the activation indefinitely.

• Catania Fontanarossa Airport Vincenzo Bellini - Sicily's major international airport.
• Palermo Airport Falcone e Borsellino - also known as Punta Raisi Airport, another of Sicily's international airports
• Trapani Birgi Airport Vincenzo Florio - another of Sicily's international airports

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

• Accident history for CIY at Aviation Safety Network
• Airport information for LICB at Great Circle Mapper.
• Template:WAD

• Video of operations at Comiso airport from Youtube
• Photo tour of Comiso Air Base, 2008