Siege of Besançon: Difference between revisions

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{{Rough translation|French}}
{{Infobox military conflict
{{Infobox military conflict
|image=[[Image:Siège de Besançon en 1674.jpg|300px]]
|image=[[Image:Siège de Besançon en 1674.jpg|300px]]
|caption=Overview of the siege of Besancon. To the right of the city on the hill of Chaudanne we see the smoke from the cannons installed by Vauban.
|caption=Overview of the siege of Besançon. To the right of the city on the hill of Chaudanne we see the smoke from the cannons installed by Vauban.
|partof=[[Franco-Dutch War]]
|partof=[[Franco-Dutch War]]
|conflict=Battle of Solebay
|conflict=Siege of Besançon
|date= 19 April to 22 May 1674
|date= 19 April to 22 May 1674
|place=[[Besançon]] ([[Spanish Empire]])
|place=[[Besançon]] ([[Spanish Empire]])
|result=French Victory
|result=French Victory
|combatant1={{flagcountry|Kingdom of France}}
|combatant1={{flagcountry|Kingdom of France}}
|combatant2={{flag|Dutch Republic}}
|combatant2={{flag|United Provinces}}<br>{{flag|Spain|1506}}
|commander1=[[Louis XIV de France|Louis XIV]] <br/> • [[Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban]]
|commander1=[[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] <br/> [[Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban|Vauban]]
|commander2=
|commander2=
|strength1=70000 soldiers
|strength1=70.000 soldiers
|strength2=
|strength2=
|casualties1=
|casualties1=
Line 18: Line 17:
}}
}}
{{Campaignbox Dutch War}}
{{Campaignbox Dutch War}}

⚫
The '''siege of Besancon''' is one of many military operations in Franche-Comte, then under Spanish rule, aimed at linking the province to the [[Kingdom of France]].

⚫
The '''siege of Besancon''' is a military operation in [[Franche-Comte]], then under Spanish rule, in 1674 as part of the [[Franco-Dutch War]], aimed at annexing the province to the [[Kingdom of France]]. The siege ended with the conquest of the city by the French.


==Context==
==Context==


The war started in 1672 saw the birth of a coalition against the kingdom of France in 1673. Despite its isolation, Britain has decided not to support France in February 1674,<ref>Collectif. Sous la direction de Jacques Garnier., Dictionnaire Perrin des guerres et des batailles de l'histoire de France, Paris, Perrin, 2004, 906 p. (ISBN 2262008299), p. 144 - 145.</ref> Louis XIV, at the head of an army of about 70,000 men, decided to attack the Franche-Comte. Louvois had planned while taking Salins and Dole before attacking Besançon, Vauban had intervened and advised the Minister to address the latter first, which was fait.<ref>Bernard Pujo, Vauban, Paris, Albin Michel, 1991, 374 p. (ISBN 222605250X), p. 74.</ref>
The [[Franco-Dutch War]], started in 1672, was mainly fought the first 2 years in the Netherlands. But a coalition was formed against the Kingdom of France in 1673, and when England decided not to support France anymore in February 1674<ref>Collectif. Sous la direction de Jacques Garnier., Dictionnaire Perrin des guerres et des batailles de l'histoire de France, Paris, Perrin, 2004, 906 p. (ISBN 2262008299), p. 144 - 145.</ref>, the French were forced to withdraw. In the spring of 1674, Louis XIV decided to attack the Franche-Comte, at the head of an army of about 70,000 men. While [[François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois|Louvois]] had planned to first take [[Salins-les-Bains]] and [[Dole, Jura|Dole]] before attacking Besançon, Vauban had intervened and advised the Minister to address the latter first, which was agreed upon.<ref>Bernard Pujo, Vauban, Paris, Albin Michel, 1991, 374 p. (ISBN 222605250X), p. 74.</ref>


==Progress==
==Progress==


Upon arrival at the site on April 26, Vauban decided to install 36 pieces of artillery on Mount Chaudanne overlooking the citadel from the west of the city. On the backs of men and mules at night, he set up the guns on the colline.<ref>Bernard Pujo, ''op.cit.'', p. 75</ref> From that moment, the city is under fire French. She will be May 15 and 22 to resist the citadel.
Upon arrival at the site on April 26, Vauban decided to install 36 pieces of artillery on the [[Velotte (Besançon)|Chaudanne hill]] overlooking the citadel from the west of the city. At night, on the backs of men and mules, the guns were carried upon the hill,<ref>Bernard Pujo, ''op.cit.'', p. 75</ref> and from that moment on, the city came under constant french fire. The city capitulated on May 15 and the citadel held out until it also capitulated on May 22.


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}


== Links ==

[http://www.fortified-places.com/besancon/ Fortified places: Besançon 1674]


[[Category:Besançon]]
[[Category:Besançon]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1674]]
[[Category:Sieges involving Spain|Ypres]]
[[Category:Sieges involving France|Ypres]]
[[Category:Battles involving France]]
[[Category:Battles involving Spain]]



[[es:Asedio de Besançon]]
[[es:Asedio de Besançon]]

Revision as of 19:08, 11 December 2011

Siege of Besançon
Part of Franco-Dutch War

Overview of the siege of Besançon. To the right of the city on the hill of Chaudanne we see the smoke from the cannons installed by Vauban.
Date19 April to 22 May 1674
Location
Besançon (Spanish Empire)
Result French Victory
Belligerents
 France  United Provinces
 Spain
Commanders and leaders
Louis XIV
Vauban
Strength
70.000 soldiers


The siege of Besancon is a military operation in Franche-Comte, then under Spanish rule, in 1674 as part of the Franco-Dutch War, aimed at annexing the province to the Kingdom of France. The siege ended with the conquest of the city by the French.

Context

The Franco-Dutch War, started in 1672, was mainly fought the first 2 years in the Netherlands. But a coalition was formed against the Kingdom of France in 1673, and when England decided not to support France anymore in February 1674[1], the French were forced to withdraw. In the spring of 1674, Louis XIV decided to attack the Franche-Comte, at the head of an army of about 70,000 men. While Louvois had planned to first take Salins-les-Bains and Dole before attacking Besançon, Vauban had intervened and advised the Minister to address the latter first, which was agreed upon.[2]

Progress

Upon arrival at the site on April 26, Vauban decided to install 36 pieces of artillery on the Chaudanne hill overlooking the citadel from the west of the city. At night, on the backs of men and mules, the guns were carried upon the hill,[3] and from that moment on, the city came under constant french fire. The city capitulated on May 15 and the citadel held out until it also capitulated on May 22.

Notes

  1. ^ Collectif. Sous la direction de Jacques Garnier., Dictionnaire Perrin des guerres et des batailles de l'histoire de France, Paris, Perrin, 2004, 906 p. (ISBN 2262008299), p. 144 - 145.
  2. ^ Bernard Pujo, Vauban, Paris, Albin Michel, 1991, 374 p. (ISBN 222605250X), p. 74.
  3. ^ Bernard Pujo, op.cit., p. 75

Fortified places: Besançon 1674

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