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==History==
==History==
Caviano is first mentioned in 1258 as ''Caviliano''.<ref name=HDS_Caviano>{{HDS|2093|Caviano}}</ref> Contone is first mentioned in 1152 as ''Gondono''.<ref name=HDS_Contone>{{HDS|2096|Contone}}</ref> The settlement that would become Gerra (Gambarogno) is first mentioned in 1591 as ''Ronco de Martignoni'' on the Gerra river delta.<ref name=HDS_Gerra>{{HDS|2101|Gerra}}</ref> Indemini is first mentioned in 1260 as ''Indemine''.<ref name=HDS_Indemini>{{HDS|2105|Indemini}}</ref> Magadino is first mentioned in 1254 as ''de Magadino''. It was also previously known, in German, as ''Megadin'' though this name is no longer used.<ref name=HDS_Magadino>{{HDS|2111|Magadino}}</ref> Piazzogna is first mentioned in 1337 as ''Piazognia''.<ref name=HDS_Piazzogna>{{HDS|2118|Piazzogna}}</ref> San Nazzaro is first mentioned in 1258 as ''sancto Nazario''.<ref name=HDS_San>{{HDS|2121|San}}</ref> Sant'Abbondio is first mentioned in 1192 as ''Sancto Abundio''.<ref name=HDS_Sant>{{HDS|2122|Sant}}</ref>
Caviano is first mentioned in 1258 as ''Caviliano''.<ref name=HDS_Caviano>{{HDS|2093|Caviano}}</ref> Contone is first mentioned in 1152 as ''Gondono''.<ref name=HDS_Contone>{{HDS|2096|Contone}}</ref> The name Gerra is probably from the 18th Century, when the village of Ronco de Martignoni (which was first mentioned in 1591) expanded into the Gerra [[river delta]] and the shores of [[Lake Maggiore]].<ref name=HDS_Gerra>{{HDS|2101|Gerra}}</ref> Indemini is first mentioned in 1260 as ''Indemine''.<ref name=HDS_Indemini>{{HDS|2105|Indemini}}</ref> Magadino is first mentioned in 1254 as ''de Magadino''. It was also previously known, in German, as ''Megadin'' though this name is no longer used.<ref name=HDS_Magadino>{{HDS|2111|Magadino}}</ref> Piazzogna is first mentioned in 1337 as ''Piazognia''.<ref name=HDS_Piazzogna>{{HDS|2118|Piazzogna}}</ref> San Nazzaro is first mentioned in 1258 as ''sancto Nazario''.<ref name=HDS_San>{{HDS|2121|San}}</ref> Sant'Abbondio is first mentioned in 1192 as ''Sancto Abundio''.<ref name=HDS_Sant>{{HDS|2122|Sant}}</ref>


===Caviano===
===Caviano===
Line 39: Line 39:


The inhabitants of Contone lived as herders and farmers, mostly on the lowest part of the slope of Mount Ceneri. After 1850, the employment situation changed because of the decline of the port of Magadino and railway construction. Many inhabitants emigrated abroad and found work as painters, plasterers and stove-makers. With immigration of, mainly Italian, day laborers, the population began to grow. At the end of the 20th Century most jobs were in the services sector. After the correction of the [[Ticino (river)|Ticino river]], the vast, formerly marshy plain became home to a number of commercial and industrial buildings.<ref name=HDS_Contone/>
The inhabitants of Contone lived as herders and farmers, mostly on the lowest part of the slope of Mount Ceneri. After 1850, the employment situation changed because of the decline of the port of Magadino and railway construction. Many inhabitants emigrated abroad and found work as painters, plasterers and stove-makers. With immigration of, mainly Italian, day laborers, the population began to grow. At the end of the 20th Century most jobs were in the services sector. After the correction of the [[Ticino (river)|Ticino river]], the vast, formerly marshy plain became home to a number of commercial and industrial buildings.<ref name=HDS_Contone/>

===Gerra (Gambarogno)===
Gerra was part of the old ''[[Bürgergemeinde|Vicinanza]]'' of Gambarogno. In the 16th Century, Ronco de Martignoni, Ronco di Sopra and Scimiana joined together to form an independent municipality. This municipality is listed in the register of lands of the [[parish]] of S. Abbondio from 1596. In 1744, the St. Rochus and Sebastian [[parish church]] was built.<ref name=HDS_Gerra/>

Of the three inhabited settlement cores, Scimiana has remained nearly unchanged. The network of narrow streets and typical Gambarogno style alleys have been preserved, while most of the wooden balconies are gone and the fishermen's houses have disappeared. At the beginning of the 21st Century more than half the working population is employed in the services sector, and most work outside of the municipality.<ref name=HDS_Gerra/>


==Geography==
==Geography==

Revision as of 18:14, 24 November 2010

Gambarogno
Municipality
Location of Gambarogno
Map
CountrySwitzerland
CantonTicino
DistrictLocarno
Government
 • MayorTiziano Ponti
Area
[1]
 • Total51.74 km2 (19.98 sq mi)
Elevation
196 m (643 ft)
Population
 (31 December 2018)[2]
 • Total5,192
 • Density100/km2 (260/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (Central European Time)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (Central European Summer Time)
Postal code(s)
6573
SFOS number5398
ISO 3166 codeCH-TI
LocalitiesCaviano, Contone, Gerra Gambarogno, Indemini, Magadino, Piazzogna, San Nazzaro, Sant'Abbondio and Vira Gambarogno
Websitehttps://www.gambarogno.ch
SFSO statistics

Gambarogno is a municipality in the district of Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. It was created on 25 April 2010 through the merger of the municipalities of Caviano, Contone, Gerra Gambarogno, Indemini, Magadino, Piazzogna, San Nazzaro, Sant'Abbondio and Vira Gambarogno.[3]

History

Caviano is first mentioned in 1258 as Caviliano.[4] Contone is first mentioned in 1152 as Gondono.[5] The name Gerra is probably from the 18th Century, when the village of Ronco de Martignoni (which was first mentioned in 1591) expanded into the Gerra river delta and the shores of Lake Maggiore.[6] Indemini is first mentioned in 1260 as Indemine.[7] Magadino is first mentioned in 1254 as de Magadino. It was also previously known, in German, as Megadin though this name is no longer used.[8] Piazzogna is first mentioned in 1337 as Piazognia.[9] San Nazzaro is first mentioned in 1258 as sancto Nazario.[10] Sant'Abbondio is first mentioned in 1192 as Sancto Abundio.[11]

Caviano

In 1264 and again in 1365, the Bishop of Como transferred part of the tithes of the Gambarogno valley, including Caviano and Scaiano, to the Magoria and Duno families from Locarno. Caviano originally belonged to the parish of Locarno, then in 1558 to Sant'Abbondio. It became a separate parish in 1850. The old church, the foundation is pre-Roman, was demolished in 1864 after the completion of the new church of S. Maria Nascente. Due to limited fishing and farming land, much of the population emigrated to other cantons or countries. The old outskirts of the village is still easily visible. In the settlement of Cento Campi, there were a number of alpine shelters and barns with thatched roofs, though most have fallen into disrepair. This type of shelter/barn was commonly used on the pastures (monti) around Lake Maggiore.[4]

Contone

Luserte, a new development on the edge of Magadino at the border with Contone

Three tombs have been discovered in Contone, which can be dated earlier than the Early Middle Ages. These tombs date to the reopening of the alpine passes.

Some time before 1219, a Hospital of the Knights Hospitaller was built in the village. However, the exact foundation year and location are controversial. It was later Commandry of the Order of Malta. In the 16th Century, the Commandry estates went to the hospital in Lugano and in 1811 to the Antognini family of Bellinzona.[5]

In 1104, the Lombard nobleman Wido Samarate built or rebuilt a church and presented it to the Benedictine monastery of S. Giorgio in Quartino. The church, which was dedicated to St. Nicholas, was incorporated in 1152 into the parish of Locarno. It was closed in 1769 and fell apart. The parish church of S. Giovanni Battista was built in the 16th Century church, on the site of the hospital church.[5]

The inhabitants of Contone lived as herders and farmers, mostly on the lowest part of the slope of Mount Ceneri. After 1850, the employment situation changed because of the decline of the port of Magadino and railway construction. Many inhabitants emigrated abroad and found work as painters, plasterers and stove-makers. With immigration of, mainly Italian, day laborers, the population began to grow. At the end of the 20th Century most jobs were in the services sector. After the correction of the Ticino river, the vast, formerly marshy plain became home to a number of commercial and industrial buildings.[5]

Gerra (Gambarogno)

Gerra was part of the old Vicinanza of Gambarogno. In the 16th Century, Ronco de Martignoni, Ronco di Sopra and Scimiana joined together to form an independent municipality. This municipality is listed in the register of lands of the parish of S. Abbondio from 1596. In 1744, the St. Rochus and Sebastian parish church was built.[6]

Of the three inhabited settlement cores, Scimiana has remained nearly unchanged. The network of narrow streets and typical Gambarogno style alleys have been preserved, while most of the wooden balconies are gone and the fishermen's houses have disappeared. At the beginning of the 21st Century more than half the working population is employed in the services sector, and most work outside of the municipality.[6]

Geography

Gambarogno has an area, as of 1997, of Template:Km2 to mi2. Of this area, Template:Km2 to mi2 or 11.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while Template:Km2 to mi2 or 76.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, Template:Km2 to mi2 or 7.5% is settled (buildings or roads), Template:Km2 to mi2 or 1.2% is either rivers or lakes and Template:Km2 to mi2 or 5.7% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 4.6% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.1%. Out of the forested land, 64.3% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 6.1% is used for growing crops and 4.6% is used for alpine pastures. Of the water in the municipality, 0.4% is in lakes and 0.8% is in rivers and streams. Of the unproductive areas, 4.9% is unproductive vegetation.[12]

Heritage sites of national significance

Church of S. Carlo

The Complesso di S. Carlo, a church and parish house, and the Villa Ghisler, both in the village of Magadino, are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance. The villages of Indemini and Magadino-Rivabella are both listed in the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.[13]

Historic Population

The historical population is given in the following table:

Year Population
Entire Valley[14] 		Population
Caviano[4] 		Population
Contone[5] 		Population
Gerra (Gambarogno)[6] 		Population
Indemini[7] 		Population
Magadino[8] 		Population
Piazzogna[9] 		Population
San Nazzaro[10] 		Population
Sant'Abbondio[11]
1591 - 59 Hearths 70 27 Hearths c. 200 - - 375 825
1683 - - 71 - 376 - - 346 850
1795 - - 71 - - - - 340 500
1801 2,321 - - 405 287 - - - -
1850 3,683 332 139 651 409 586 221 477 251
1900 3,078 272 199 451 340 725 152 314 170
1950 2,892 184 305 330 206 821 185 291 116
1990 - - 430 - - - 264 - -
2000 4,348 111 703 254 39 1,449 362 641 123

References

  1. ^ a b "Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeinden nach 4 Hauptbereichen". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
  2. ^ "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeitskategorie Geschlecht und Gemeinde; Provisorische Jahresergebnisse; 2018". Federal Statistical Office. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  3. ^ Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz published by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office Template:De icon accessed 14 January 2010
  4. ^ a b c Caviano in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  5. ^ a b c d e Contone in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  6. ^ a b c d Gerra in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  7. ^ a b Indemini in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  8. ^ a b Magadino in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  9. ^ a b Piazzogna in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  10. ^ a b San in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  11. ^ a b Sant in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  12. ^ Altitudine, superficie, secondo il genere di utilizzazione, rilevazione 1992/1997, e densità della popolazione, nel 2000 Template:It icon accessed 25 October 2010
  13. ^ "Kantonsliste A-Objekte:Ticino" (PDF). KGS Inventar (in German). Federal Office of Civil Protection. 2009. Retrieved 12 July 2010. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help)
  14. ^ Gambarogno in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
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