States and regions of Somalia: Difference between revisions

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Somalia is a federal republic consisting of five federal states, Puntland, Jubaland, Galmudug, South West and Hirshaabelle and one interim administration. Somalia is further subdivided into 18 administrative regions (gobollo, singular gobol),^[1] which are in turn subdivided into districts. One region, Banaadir, is not part of any state.

History

Puntland is a federal state in the northeast of Somalia. Galmudug is a federal state in central Somalia. Jubaland is a federal state in the south of Somalia.^[1] In November 2014, the South West State of Somalia was established.^[2] Hirshabelle State was formed in October 2016.^[3] Khaatumo state a north central region was formed in 2012 but established in february 2023, and Somaliland a north east region formed in 1991 as uncontrolled region and is a unrecognised state as of now.^[4]In April 2024 Puntland a north west federal member stated that it would act independently of the central government due to disputes with constitution changes.^[5]

The Federal Parliament is tasked with selecting the ultimate number and boundaries of autonomous regional states within the Federal Republic of Somalia.^[6]^[7] To this end, the legislature in December 2014 passed a law establishing the Boundary and Federalization Commission.^[8] The body is mandated with determining the boundaries of the country's constituent states, as well as arbitrating between these states.^[9]

Federal member states

As of 19th October 2023, Somalia is officially divided into 5 federal member states, including Khaatumo state and Somaliland state^[10]^[3]

Galmudug (108,889 km² (42,042 sq mi))
Hirshabelle (100,821 km² (38,927 sq mi))
Jubaland (110,102 km² (42,511 sq mi))
Puntland (198,510 km² (76,650 sq mi))
South West (100,089 km² (38,645 sq mi))

Regions

President of Somalia Mohamed Siad Barre established five of these regions in 1974 and 1975 for baised clan reasons, Middle Juba, Lower Juba, Gedo, Bay, and Bakool;^[11] Banaadir shrank to consist of only Mogadishu at the same time.^[12]

Below are the regions of Somalia, with their capitals shown in parentheses:

References

^ ^a ^b "Somalia". World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 2009-05-14. Retrieved 2009-05-31.
^ "SOMALIA: South-west state endorses a new constitution". Raxanreeb. 8 November 2014. Archived from the original on 9 November 2014. Retrieved 9 November 2014.
^ ^a ^b "New President elected for Hir-Shabelle state". Garoweonline. 17 October 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
^ "Somaliland | Historical Region, Self-Declared State in Africa | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 2024-06-21. Retrieved 2024-06-23.
^ "Puntland profile". BBC News. 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2024-06-23.
^ "The Federal Republic of Somalia – Harmonized Draft Constitution" (PDF). Federal Government of Somalia. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 24, 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
^ "Guidebook to the Somali Draft Provisional Constitution". Archived from the original on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
^ "Somali parliament endorses the bill of boundaries and federalism". Goobjoog. 21 December 2014. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
^ "Cabinet approves Bills for National Electoral Commission, Boundary and Federalization Commission and a $216 M budget for 2015". Goobjoog. 18 November 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
^ "Somalia's regional states submit Upper House nominations". Somali Review. 10 October 2016. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
^ Mohamed Haji Mukhtar (2011). Historical Dictionary of Somalia. Lanham, MD and Oxford: Scarecrow Press. p. 129.
^ Mukhtar, 2011, p.48
^ "榴莲视频官网_污榴莲视频_▓成人榴莲视频▓无码免费_www.榴莲视频". www.khaatumo.com. Retrieved 2024-04-04.

[2009factbook-1] "Somalia". World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 2009-05-14. Retrieved 2009-05-31.

[Sswseanc-2] "SOMALIA: South-west state endorses a new constitution". Raxanreeb. 8 November 2014. Archived from the original on 9 November 2014. Retrieved 9 November 2014.

[garoweonline.com-3] "New President elected for Hir-Shabelle state". Garoweonline. 17 October 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2016.

[4] "Somaliland | Historical Region, Self-Declared State in Africa | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 2024-06-21. Retrieved 2024-06-23.

[5] "Puntland profile". BBC News. 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2024-06-23.

[FRSom-6] "The Federal Republic of Somalia – Harmonized Draft Constitution" (PDF). Federal Government of Somalia. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 24, 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2012.

[Gttsdpc-7] "Guidebook to the Somali Draft Provisional Constitution". Archived from the original on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2012.

[Spetbobaf-8] "Somali parliament endorses the bill of boundaries and federalism". Goobjoog. 21 December 2014. Retrieved 21 December 2014.

[Cabfbfnecbfectbft-9] "Cabinet approves Bills for National Electoral Commission, Boundary and Federalization Commission and a $216 M budget for 2015". Goobjoog. 18 November 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2014.

[somalireview.com-10] "Somalia's regional states submit Upper House nominations". Somali Review. 10 October 2016. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 6 January 2023.

[11] Mohamed Haji Mukhtar (2011). Historical Dictionary of Somalia. Lanham, MD and Oxford: Scarecrow Press. p. 129.

[12] Mukhtar, 2011, p.48

[13] "榴莲视频官网_污榴莲视频_▓成人榴莲视频▓无码免费_www.榴莲视频". www.khaatumo.com. Retrieved 2024-04-04.

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@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 ==Federal member states==
+As of 19th October 2023, Somalia is officially divided into 5 federal member states, including Khaatumo state and Somaliland state<ref name="somalireview.com">{{Cite web |date=10 October 2016 |title=Somalia's regional states submit Upper House nominations |url=http://somalireview.com/2016/10/somalias-regional-states-submit-upper-house-nominations/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202215932/http://somalireview.com/2016/10/somalias-regional-states-submit-upper-house-nominations/ |archive-date=2 February 2017 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Somali Review}}</ref><ref name="garoweonline.com" />
-[[File:Federal member states of Somalia.jpg|thumb|Flag map of member states]]
-As of 19th October 2023, Somalia is officially divided into 7 federal member states, including Khaatumo state and Somaliland state<ref name="somalireview.com">{{Cite web |date=10 October 2016 |title=Somalia's regional states submit Upper House nominations |url=http://somalireview.com/2016/10/somalias-regional-states-submit-upper-house-nominations/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202215932/http://somalireview.com/2016/10/somalias-regional-states-submit-upper-house-nominations/ |archive-date=2 February 2017 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Somali Review}}</ref><ref name="garoweonline.com" />
 *[[Galmudug]] ({{convert|108,889|km2|abbr=on}})
 *[[Hirshabelle State|Hirshabelle]] ({{convert|100821|km2|abbr=on}})
 *[[Jubaland]] ({{convert|110102|km2|abbr=on}})
-*[[Khatumo State|Khatumo]] ({{convert|103897|km2|abbr=on}})
 *[[Puntland]] ({{convert|198,510|km2|abbr=on}})
-*[[Somaliland]] ({{convert|110487|km2|abbr=on}})
 *[[South West State of Somalia|South West]] ({{convert|100089|km2|abbr=on}})

v t e Disputed and de facto states of Somalia
Federal Member States (federalist/unionist states)	Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland Somaliland (claimed) South West State of Somalia
Proposed federal member states	Maakhir State (de facto state) Khatumo (2012– de facto)
Islamist Jamaats	Harakat al-Shabaab
Former state entities	Azania (2011–2013) Himan and Heeb (2008–2015) South West State of Somalia (2002–2006)
Former Islamist administrations	Islamic Courts Union (1993–2006) Hizbul Islam (2009–2010; 2012–2014) Ahlu Sunna Waljama'a (1991–2018)
Politics portal List of ruling political parties Politics of Somalia

Revision as of 14:34, 25 June 2024

History

Federal member states

Regions

See also

References