User:HenryXVII/Comparison: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|1409 battle between Northern Yuan and Ming dynasties}} |
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——[[User:HenryXVII|Heinrich ⅩⅦ von Bayern]] ([[User talk:HenryXVII|talk]]) 02:57, 9 April 2024 (UTC) |
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{{For|other battles at Kerulen (Kherlen)|Yongle Emperor's campaigns against the Mongols}} |
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{{Infobox military conflict |
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|conflict=Battle of Kherlen |
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|partof= |
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|image= |
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|caption= |
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|date=September 23, 1409 |
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|place=[[Kherlen River]] |
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|result=Northern Yuan victory |
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|combatant1=[[Northern Yuan]] |
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|combatant2=[[Ming dynasty]] |
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|commander1=[[Öljei Temür Khan|Bunyashiri]]<br>[[Arughtai]] |
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|commander2=Qiu Fu{{KIA}} |
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|strength1=Unknown |
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|strength2=20,000 cavalry |
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}} |
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{{Campaignbox Wars of the Yongle Emperor}} |
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The '''Battle of Kherlen''' ({{zh|t=臚朐河之戰}}) took place between the [[Northern Yuan]] and [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] dynasties that took place at the banks of [[Kherlen River]] (Kerulen) in the [[Mongolian Plateau]] on 23 September 1409.<ref>Shih-Shan Henry Tsai-Perpetual Happiness: The Ming Emperor Yongle, p.167</ref> |
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After [[Öljei Temür Khan|Bunyashiri]] had been crowned with the regnal title of Öljei Temür Khan in 1403, the [[Yongle Emperor]] sent an envoy to congratulate him and demand his submission in 1409. Öljei Temür Khan detained the Ming envoy to say he was not willing to join the tributary relationship with the Ming dynasty.<ref>{{The Cambridge History of China|volume=7|page=226}}</ref> The leader [[Arughtai]] beheaded another envoy of the Yongle Emperor in the same year and declared his allegiance to the [[Khagan]]. The Eastern Mongols had been routed to the Kerulen River by recent attacks of the Oyirad Mongols, thus the Yongle Emperor took the opportunity for a [[punitive expedition]]. He sent a force of 1,000 cavalry against the Eastern Mongols.<ref>{{The Cambridge History of China|volume=8 | last=Rossabi | first=Morris | chapter=The Ming and Inner Asia | pages=227–228}}</ref> |
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Lured deep into the Mongolian steppe, the Ming army was completely routed. The elite Ming general Qiu Fu, with several other commanders, was killed by Arughtai west of Onohu. |
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In the aftermath of this battle, the Yongle Emperor would personally lead a [[Yongle Emperor's campaigns against the Mongols|punitive expedition against the Eastern Mongols]], annihilating large proportions of their Mongol forces.<ref>{{The Cambridge History of China|volume=7 | last=Chan | first=Hok-lam | chapter=The Chien-wen, Yung-lo, Hung-hsi, and Hsüan-te reigns, 1399–1435 | page=226}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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{{Ming dynasty topics}} |
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{{coord missing|Mongolia}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Battle Of Kherlen}} |
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[[:Category:Battles involving the Mongol Empire|Kherlen 1409]] |
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[[:Category:Battles involving the Ming dynasty|Kherlen 1409]] |
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[[:Category:Conflicts in 1409|Kherlen 1409]] |
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[[:Category:1409 in Asia]] |
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[[:Category:15th century in China]] |
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[[:Category:Wars involving the Northern Yuan dynasty]] |
Revision as of 12:54, 18 May 2024
Battle of Kherlen | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Northern Yuan | Ming dynasty | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Bunyashiri Arughtai | Qiu Fu † | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
Unknown | 20,000 cavalry |
The Battle of Kherlen (Chinese: 臚朐河之戰) took place between the Northern Yuan and Ming dynasties that took place at the banks of Kherlen River (Kerulen) in the Mongolian Plateau on 23 September 1409.[1]
After Bunyashiri had been crowned with the regnal title of Öljei Temür Khan in 1403, the Yongle Emperor sent an envoy to congratulate him and demand his submission in 1409. Öljei Temür Khan detained the Ming envoy to say he was not willing to join the tributary relationship with the Ming dynasty.[2] The leader Arughtai beheaded another envoy of the Yongle Emperor in the same year and declared his allegiance to the Khagan. The Eastern Mongols had been routed to the Kerulen River by recent attacks of the Oyirad Mongols, thus the Yongle Emperor took the opportunity for a punitive expedition. He sent a force of 1,000 cavalry against the Eastern Mongols.[3]
Lured deep into the Mongolian steppe, the Ming army was completely routed. The elite Ming general Qiu Fu, with several other commanders, was killed by Arughtai west of Onohu.
In the aftermath of this battle, the Yongle Emperor would personally lead a punitive expedition against the Eastern Mongols, annihilating large proportions of their Mongol forces.[4]
References
- ^ Shih-Shan Henry Tsai-Perpetual Happiness: The Ming Emperor Yongle, p.167
- ^ Mote, Frederick W.; Twitchett, Denis, eds. (1988). The Cambridge History of China, Volume 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-521-24332-2.
- ^ Rossabi, Morris (1998). "The Ming and Inner Asia". In Twitchett, Dennis; Mote, Frederick W. (eds.). The Cambridge History of China, Volume 8: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 227–228. ISBN 978-0-521-24333-9.
- ^ Chan, Hok-lam (1988). "The Chien-wen, Yung-lo, Hung-hsi, and Hsüan-te reigns, 1399–1435". In Mote, Frederick W.; Twitchett, Denis (eds.). The Cambridge History of China, Volume 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-521-24332-2.
Kherlen 1409
Kherlen 1409
Kherlen 1409
Category:1409 in Asia
Category:15th century in China
Category:Wars involving the Northern Yuan dynasty