Ceacheí: Difference between revisions

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Adding local short description: "Chilean nationalist and sports battle cry", overriding Wikidata description "battle cry that is usually used in sports events to encourage a Chilean representative" (Shortdesc helper)
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{{Short description|Chilean nationalist and sports battle cry}}
{{Short description|Chilean nationalist and sports battle cry}}
[[File:Estadio Nacional de Chile 2.jpg|thumb|300px|Fans of the [[Chile national football team|Chilean national football/soccer team]] in the [[Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos|National Stadium of Santiago]]]]
[[File:Estadio Nacional de Chile 2.jpg|thumb|300px|Fans of the [[Chile national football team|Chilean national football team]] at the [[Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos|National Stadium of Chile]].]]


A '''ceacheí''' (also known as ''cehacheí''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://impresa.lasegunda.com/2017/06/29/A/T536H2AC/all |title=Top Secret: Para ver los penales - Abbot en la cocina de La Moneda |access-date=December 31, 2018 |date=June 29, 2017 |work=La Segunda |language=es |quote=Aplausos, abrazos y hasta un "cehacheí" coronaron la celebración }}</ref>) is a battle cry that is usually used in sports events to encourage a [[Sport in Chile|Chilean representative]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Diccionario de uso del español de Chile |language=es |year=2010 |publisher=Academia Chilena de la Lengua and MN Editorial |location=Santiago |isbn=978-9-5629-4287-4 }}</ref> This [[Chilean Spanish|chilenism]] arises from the Spanish spelling of the first three letters of the name "[[Chile]]", which is usually given to two voices that later join for its ending, in the following way:
A '''''ceacheí,''''' also known as '''''cehacheí''''',<ref>{{cite web |date=June 29, 2017 |title=Top Secret: Para ver los penales - Abbot en la cocina de La Moneda |url=http://impresa.lasegunda.com/2017/06/29/A/T536H2AC/all |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=La Segunda |language=es |quote=Aplausos, abrazos y hasta un "cehacheí" coronaron la celebración}}</ref> is a [[battle cry]] that is commonly used during sports events to cheer on a Chilean representative.<ref>{{cite book |title=Diccionario de uso del español de Chile |publisher=Academia Chilena de la Lengua and MN Editorial |year=2010 |isbn=978-9-5629-4287-4 |location=Santiago |language=es}}</ref> This [[Chilean Spanish|Chilean expression]] is derived from spelling out the first letters of the name "[[Chile]]." It is typically performed by two voices that come together for the final part, as follows:


* '''Voice 1''': ''Ce, hache, i''... ("C, H, I...")
* '''Voice 1:''' ''Ce, hache, i...''
* '''Voice 2''': ''Chi'' !
* '''Voice 2:''' ''¡Chi!''
* '''Voice 1''': ''Ele, e''... ("L, E...")
* '''Voice 1:''' ''Ele, e...''
* '''Voice 2''': ''Le''!
* '''Voice 2:''' ''¡Le!''
* '''Both''': ''Chi, chi, chi, le, le, le, viva Chile''! ("Chi, chi, chi, le, le, le, long live Chile!")
* '''Both voices together:''' ''¡Chi, chi, chi, le, le, le..., viva Chile!'' ("Long live Chile!")


Occasionally the voice 1 prefixes the phrase: ¡''Atención chilenos de corazón''! ("Attention Chileans of heart!")<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/sociedad/curiosidades/2017/07/02/de-donde-viene-la-famosa-arenga-chilena-ceachei.shtml |title=¿De dónde viene la famosa arenga chilena ’ceacheí’? |access-date=December 31, 2018 |last=Barría |first=Fabián |date=July 2, 2017 |publisher=BioBio Chile |location=Concepción |language=es }}</ref> Although the clamor was born in sporting contexts, it was converted into an element of strong [[Culture of Chile|national roots]] and has been used on various occasions, such as [[Party|celebrations]] or [[Demonstration (political)|demonstrations]].
Occasionally, voice 1 starts with the phrase: ''¡Atención chilenos de corazón!'' ("Attention Chileans at heart!").<ref>{{cite web |last=Barría |first=Fabián |date=July 2, 2017 |title=¿De dónde viene la famosa arenga chilena ’ceacheí’? |url=https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/sociedad/curiosidades/2017/07/02/de-donde-viene-la-famosa-arenga-chilena-ceachei.shtml |access-date=December 31, 2018 |publisher=BioBio Chile |language=es |location=Concepción}}</ref> Although the chant originated in sports contexts, it has become deeply ingrained in the [[Culture of Chile|national culture]] and is now used on various occasions, such as celebrations or demonstrations.


==History==
==History==


The first records of "ceacheís" date back to the second half of the 1920s. During the 5th [[South American Championships in Athletics|South American Athletics Championship]] held at the Campos de Sports de [[Ñuñoa]] in the city of [[Santiago]] in 1927, the leader of the Chilean cheerleading squad, Osvaldo "Paco" Vera, guided the chant to cheer on the Chilean athletes who were competing closely with the Argentine delegation (Uruguay also participated) for first place. In his book ''Las memorias de Míster Huifa'' (1986), sports journalist Renato González narrated that he had heard it for the first time during the participation of Chilean decathletes Erwin Gevert (winner), Serapio Cabello (second), and Carlos Jahnke (third) against the Argentine [[Valerio Vallania|Valerio Vallanía]].<ref>{{cita libro|autor=González Moraga, Renato|título=Las memorias de Míster Huifa|año=1986|editorial=Editorial La Noria|ubicación=Santiago|páginas=82-83|capítulo=El origen del Ceacheí}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=South American Championships (men) |url=http://www.gbrathletics.com/ic/sac.htm |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=gbrathletics}}</ref> This event ultimately secured victory for Chile, which gave importance and popularity to the "ceacheí." According to the account of reporter Carlos Zeda in the magazine [[Los Sports|''Los Sports'']], it was first used on April 17 as a rallying cry for long-distance runner [[Manuel Plaza]] on his last day of participation, which he won.<ref>{{cita publicación|fecha=15 de abril de 1927|título=Programa del Campeonato Sudamericano de Atletismo|publicación=Revista Los Sports|editorial=Zig-Zag|ubicación=Santiago de Chile|volumen=V|número=214}}</ref><ref>{{cita publicación|fecha=29 de abril de 1927|título=|publicación=Revista Los Sports|editorial=Zig-Zag|ubicación=Santiago de Chile|volumen=V|número=216}}</ref> Some sources cite [[Pole vault|pole vaulter]] Humberto Guiraldes as the creator, promoter, and leader of the local fans during that tournament.<ref>{{cita web|url=http://www.lacatolica.cl/atletismo/la-historia-del-inventor-del-ceachei|título=Atletismo: La historia de Humberto Guiraldes, el atleta que inventó el "ceacheí"|fechaacceso=|autor=De la Fuente, Juan Rafael|fecha=2016|sitioweb=www.lacatolica.cl|fechaarchivo=13 de junio de 2018|urlarchivo=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613084601/http://www.lacatolica.cl/atletismo/la-historia-del-inventor-del-ceachei|deadurl=yes}}</ref>
During the V [[South American Championships in Athletics|South American Championship of Athletics]] in 1927, held in the city of [[Santiago]], the head of the Chilean supporters, Osvaldo ''Paco'' Vera, guided the shout to encourage the Chilean athletes who disputed the tournament. According to the story of [[Sports journalism|sports journalist]] Carlos Zeda in [[Los Sports]] magazine, the first time in which it was employed was on April 17, as he harangued [[Manuel Plaza]] on his last day of participation, when he won.


It was institutionalized in 1933 by architecture students from the [[University of Chile]] during a ''fiesta bufa'' (a kind of study trip). While traveling on the ship ''[[MV Reina del Pacifico|Reina del Pacífico]]'' to the city of Antofagasta, Julio Cordero sketched the first lines of the club's anthem, called ''Romántico viajero'', which they finished with the "ceacheí."<ref>{{cite web |date=June 26, 2014 |title=La historia detrás del legendario "Ceacheí" que nos acompaña |url=https://www.24horas.cl/deportes/mundialbrasil2014/la-historia-detras-del-legendario-ceachei-que-nos-acompana-1300907 |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=24horas.cl |publisher=Televisión Nacional de Chile |language=es |location=Santiago}}</ref> It remained as a symbol of the university until 1960 when the final phrase of the chorus, ''¡Chi, chi, chi, le, le, le..., Universidad de Chile!'' was transformed into ''¡viva Chile!'' by trumpeter Jorge Yuraidini, the director of the hosting crowd at the 8th [[South American Basketball Championship for Women|South American Women's Basketball Championship]] held in Santiago, which Chile won.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 5, 2014 |title="¡Atención, barra...!" |url=http://www.elmercurio.com/blogs/2014/07/05/23274/Atencion-barra.aspx |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=El Mercurio |publisher=Empresa El Mercurio |language=es |location=Santiago}}</ref> Similarly, most other sports clubs in the country adopted it, modifying the final part. In the song ''[[El Rock del Mundial|El rock del Mundial]]'' ("The World Cup Rock") by the local band Los Ramblers (1962),<ref>{{cite web |title=Los Ramblers |url=http://www.elcarrete.cl/enciclopedia/ficha.php?id=132 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091214170711/http://www.elcarrete.cl/enciclopedia/ficha.php?id=132 |archive-date=December 14, 2009 |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=Enciclopedia del rock chileno |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cita web|url=http://www.musicapopular.cl/3.0/index2.php?op=Artista&id=324|título=The Ramblers - Biografía|fechaacceso=12 de febrero de 2012|formato=PHP|autor=Peña, Cristóbal|fecha=2012|urlarchivo=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202062334/http://www.musicapopular.cl/3.0/index2.php?op=Artista&id=324|fechaarchivo=2 de febrero de 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Ramblers |url=http://www.musicapopular.cl/3.0/index2.php?op=Artista&id=324 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202062334/http://www.musicapopular.cl/3.0/index2.php?op=Artista&id=324 |archive-date=February 2, 2012 |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=MusicaPopular.cl |language=es}}</ref> which was the official music of the [[1962 FIFA World Cup|7th FIFA World Cup]] held in Chile in 1962,<ref>{{cite web |last=Pichara |first=Gonzalo |date=June 5, 2012 |title=Mundial de 1962: La historia detrás de su famoso himno |url=https://www.guioteca.com/musica-pop/mundial-de-1962-la-historia-detras-de-su-famoso-himno/ |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=Guioteca |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Kuenzler |first=Hanspeter |date=January 24, 2014 |title=World Cup party music |url=https://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/af-magazine/fifaweekly/02/26/48/95/lowres_eng_woche04_2014_neutral.pdf |url-status=dead |magazine=The FIFA Weekly |location=Zurich |publisher=FIFA |issue=14 |pages=19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101002954/https://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/af-magazine/fifaweekly/02/26/48/95/lowres_eng_woche04_2014_neutral.pdf |archive-date=January 1, 2019 |accessdate=December 31, 2018}}</ref> you can hear in the chorus, ''Gol, gol de Chile... un sonoro ceacheí y bailemos rock and roll'' ("Goal, goal for Chile... a loud ceacheí and let's dance rock and roll").<ref>{{cite web |title=Cancion el rock del mundial de los ramblers |url=http://www.planetadeletras.com/index.php?m=s&lid=162392 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201232407/http://www.planetadeletras.com/index.php?m=s&lid=162392 |archive-date=February 1, 2014 |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=Planetadeletras.com |language=es}}</ref>
In his book ''The Memoirs of Mister Huifa'' (1986), the reporter Renato González narrated that he had heard it for the first time during the participation of the Chilean decathletes Erwin Gevert, Serapio Cabello and Carlos Jahnke.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gbrathletics.com/ic/sac.htm |title=South American Championships (men) |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=gbrathletics }}</ref> This test of the program finally gave the victory to Chile, so the Ceacheí took importance and was popularized.


In 2010, the ''Diccionario de uso del español de Chile'' ("Dictionary of the Use of Spanish in Chile") was published by the [[Academia Chilena de la Lengua|Chilean Academy of Language]], and it included ''ceacheí'' as a Chilean term. According to the authors, ''ceacheí'' was likely the most Chilean word included in their work. Over the years, the chant has become a universal symbol and used on various occasions, such as during the [[2010 Copiapó mining accident|rescue of the 33 miners]] from the [[San José Mine|San José mine]]. The miners chanted it when they first made contact with the surface and continued to use it on multiple occasions after they were freed from their confinement.<ref>{{cite web |last=Vega |first=Jennifer |date=August 24, 2010 |title=Mineros lanzan un Ceacheí en primer contacto telefónico |url=http://www.lanacion.cl/mineros-lanzan-un-ceachei-en-primer-contacto-telefonico/noticias/2010-08-23/230319.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100827180921/http://www.lanacion.cl/mineros-lanzan-un-ceachei-en-primer-contacto-telefonico/noticias/2010-08-23/230319.html |archive-date=August 27, 2010 |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=La Nación |publisher=Empresa Periodistica La Nación |language=es |location=Santiago}}</ref>
In 1933, it was institutionalized by architecture students from the [[University of Chile]] during a ''Fiesta Bufa'', a sort of study tour. During the trip on the ''Reina del Pacífico'' boat to the city of [[Antofagasta]], Julio Cordero outlined the first lines of the ''Romántico viajero'' (Romantic Traveler) the anthem of the club, which they ended with the Ceacheí.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.24horas.cl/deportes/mundialbrasil2014/la-historia-detras-del-legendario-ceachei-que-nos-acompana-1300907 |title=La historia detrás del legendario "Ceacheí" que nos acompaña |access-date=December 31, 2018 |date=June 26, 2014 |work=24horas.cl |publisher=Televisión Nacional de Chile |location=Santiago |language=es }}</ref>

It remained as the emblem of the university until 1960, when the final chorus phrase "Chi, chi, chi, le, le, le, Universidad de Chile!" Was transformed into "viva Chile!" by trumpeter Jorge Yuraidini, leader of the Chilean fans in the VIII [[South American Basketball Championship for Women]] in Santiago, won by Chile.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.elmercurio.com/blogs/2014/07/05/23274/Atencion-barra.aspx |title="¡Atención, barra...!" |access-date=December 31, 2018 |date=July 5, 2014 |work=El Mercurio |publisher=Empresa El Mercurio |location=Santiago |language=es }}</ref> Likewise, most of the other sports clubs in the country adopted it by modifying the final part. In the song of the local band Los Ramblers "El rock del Mundial" (The World Cup Rock, 1962),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.elcarrete.cl/enciclopedia/ficha.php?id=132 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091214170711/http://www.elcarrete.cl/enciclopedia/ficha.php?id=132 |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 14, 2009 |title=Los Ramblers |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=Enciclopedia del rock chileno |language=es }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.musicapopular.cl/3.0/index2.php?op=Artista&id=324 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202062334/http://www.musicapopular.cl/3.0/index2.php?op=Artista&id=324 |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 2, 2012 |title=The Ramblers |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=MusicaPopular.cl |language=es }}</ref> which was the [[FIFA World Cup music|official song]] of the [[1962 FIFA World Cup|1962 FIFA World Cup in Chile]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.guioteca.com/musica-pop/mundial-de-1962-la-historia-detras-de-su-famoso-himno/ |title=Mundial de 1962: La historia detrás de su famoso himno |access-date=December 31, 2018 |last=Pichara |first=Gonzalo |date=June 5, 2012 |work=Guioteca |language=es }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Kuenzler |first=Hanspeter |title=World Cup party music |date=January 24, 2014 |magazine=The FIFA Weekly |issue=14 |pages=19 |location=Zurich |publisher=FIFA |accessdate=December 31, 2018 |url=https://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/af-magazine/fifaweekly/02/26/48/95/lowres_eng_woche04_2014_neutral.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101002954/https://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/af-magazine/fifaweekly/02/26/48/95/lowres_eng_woche04_2014_neutral.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 1, 2019 }}</ref> is possible to listen to the lines of his chorus "Gol de Chile / un sonoro ceacheí y bailemos rock and roll" (''Goal of Chile / a sonorous ceacheí and let's dance [[Rock and roll|Rock and Roll]]'').<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.planetadeletras.com/index.php?m=s&lid=162392 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201232407/http://www.planetadeletras.com/index.php?m=s&lid=162392 |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 1, 2014 |title=Cancion el rock del mundial de los ramblers |access-date=December 31, 2018 |work=Planetadeletras.com |language=es }}</ref>

In 2010, the ''Diccionario de uso del español de Chile'' (Dictionary on the use of Spanish in Chile) by the [[Academia Chilena de la Lengua|Chilean Academy of Language]] was published, incorporating ceacheí as a Chileanism. According to its authors, "ceacheí" was probably the most Chilean word incorporated in his work. Over the years, the cry has been converted into a transverse symbol and occupied on several occasions, as during the [[2010 Copiapó mining accident|rescue of the 33 miners of the San José mine in 2010]], who chanted the ceacheí on their first contact with the surface and then on multiple occasions once they left their confinement.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lanacion.cl/mineros-lanzan-un-ceachei-en-primer-contacto-telefonico/noticias/2010-08-23/230319.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100827180921/http://www.lanacion.cl/mineros-lanzan-un-ceachei-en-primer-contacto-telefonico/noticias/2010-08-23/230319.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 27, 2010 |title=Mineros lanzan un Ceacheí en primer contacto telefónico |access-date=December 31, 2018 |last=Vega |first=Jennifer |date=August 24, 2010 |work=La Nación |publisher=Empresa Periodistica La Nación |location=Santiago |language=es }}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 14:30, 3 June 2023

Fans of the Chilean national football team at the National Stadium of Chile.

A ceacheí, also known as cehacheí,[1] is a battle cry that is commonly used during sports events to cheer on a Chilean representative.[2] This Chilean expression is derived from spelling out the first letters of the name "Chile." It is typically performed by two voices that come together for the final part, as follows:

  • Voice 1: Ce, hache, i...
  • Voice 2: ¡Chi!
  • Voice 1: Ele, e...
  • Voice 2: ¡Le!
  • Both voices together: ¡Chi, chi, chi, le, le, le..., viva Chile! ("Long live Chile!")

Occasionally, voice 1 starts with the phrase: ¡Atención chilenos de corazón! ("Attention Chileans at heart!").[3] Although the chant originated in sports contexts, it has become deeply ingrained in the national culture and is now used on various occasions, such as celebrations or demonstrations.

History

The first records of "ceacheís" date back to the second half of the 1920s. During the 5th South American Athletics Championship held at the Campos de Sports de Ñuñoa in the city of Santiago in 1927, the leader of the Chilean cheerleading squad, Osvaldo "Paco" Vera, guided the chant to cheer on the Chilean athletes who were competing closely with the Argentine delegation (Uruguay also participated) for first place. In his book Las memorias de Míster Huifa (1986), sports journalist Renato González narrated that he had heard it for the first time during the participation of Chilean decathletes Erwin Gevert (winner), Serapio Cabello (second), and Carlos Jahnke (third) against the Argentine Valerio Vallanía.[4][5] This event ultimately secured victory for Chile, which gave importance and popularity to the "ceacheí." According to the account of reporter Carlos Zeda in the magazine Los Sports, it was first used on April 17 as a rallying cry for long-distance runner Manuel Plaza on his last day of participation, which he won.[6][7] Some sources cite pole vaulter Humberto Guiraldes as the creator, promoter, and leader of the local fans during that tournament.[8]

It was institutionalized in 1933 by architecture students from the University of Chile during a fiesta bufa (a kind of study trip). While traveling on the ship Reina del Pacífico to the city of Antofagasta, Julio Cordero sketched the first lines of the club's anthem, called Romántico viajero, which they finished with the "ceacheí."[9] It remained as a symbol of the university until 1960 when the final phrase of the chorus, ¡Chi, chi, chi, le, le, le..., Universidad de Chile! was transformed into ¡viva Chile! by trumpeter Jorge Yuraidini, the director of the hosting crowd at the 8th South American Women's Basketball Championship held in Santiago, which Chile won.[10] Similarly, most other sports clubs in the country adopted it, modifying the final part. In the song El rock del Mundial ("The World Cup Rock") by the local band Los Ramblers (1962),[11][12][13] which was the official music of the 7th FIFA World Cup held in Chile in 1962,[14][15] you can hear in the chorus, Gol, gol de Chile... un sonoro ceacheí y bailemos rock and roll ("Goal, goal for Chile... a loud ceacheí and let's dance rock and roll").[16]

In 2010, the Diccionario de uso del español de Chile ("Dictionary of the Use of Spanish in Chile") was published by the Chilean Academy of Language, and it included ceacheí as a Chilean term. According to the authors, ceacheí was likely the most Chilean word included in their work. Over the years, the chant has become a universal symbol and used on various occasions, such as during the rescue of the 33 miners from the San José mine. The miners chanted it when they first made contact with the surface and continued to use it on multiple occasions after they were freed from their confinement.[17]

References

  1. ^ "Top Secret: Para ver los penales - Abbot en la cocina de La Moneda". La Segunda (in Spanish). June 29, 2017. Retrieved December 31, 2018. Aplausos, abrazos y hasta un "cehacheí" coronaron la celebración
  2. ^ Diccionario de uso del español de Chile (in Spanish). Santiago: Academia Chilena de la Lengua and MN Editorial. 2010. ISBN 978-9-5629-4287-4.
  3. ^ Barría, Fabián (July 2, 2017). "¿De dónde viene la famosa arenga chilena 'ceacheí'?" (in Spanish). Concepción: BioBio Chile. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  4. ^ González Moraga, Renato (1986). "El origen del Ceacheí". Las memorias de Míster Huifa. Santiago: Editorial La Noria. pp. 82–83.
  5. ^ "South American Championships (men)". gbrathletics. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  6. ^ "Programa del Campeonato Sudamericano de Atletismo". Revista Los Sports. V (214). Santiago de Chile: Zig-Zag. 15 April 1927.
  7. ^ Revista Los Sports. V (216). Santiago de Chile: Zig-Zag. 29 April 1927. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ^ De la Fuente, Juan Rafael (2016). "Atletismo: La historia de Humberto Guiraldes, el atleta que inventó el "ceacheí"". www.lacatolica.cl. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ "La historia detrás del legendario "Ceacheí" que nos acompaña". 24horas.cl (in Spanish). Santiago: Televisión Nacional de Chile. June 26, 2014. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  10. ^ ""¡Atención, barra...!"". El Mercurio (in Spanish). Santiago: Empresa El Mercurio. July 5, 2014. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  11. ^ "Los Ramblers". Enciclopedia del rock chileno (in Spanish). Archived from the original on December 14, 2009. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  12. ^ Peña, Cristóbal (2012). "The Ramblers - Biografía". Archived from the original (PHP) on 2 February 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2012.
  13. ^ "The Ramblers". MusicaPopular.cl (in Spanish). Archived from the original on February 2, 2012. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  14. ^ Pichara, Gonzalo (June 5, 2012). "Mundial de 1962: La historia detrás de su famoso himno". Guioteca (in Spanish). Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  15. ^ Kuenzler, Hanspeter (January 24, 2014). "World Cup party music" (PDF). The FIFA Weekly. No. 14. Zurich: FIFA. p. 19. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 1, 2019. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  16. ^ "Cancion el rock del mundial de los ramblers". Planetadeletras.com (in Spanish). Archived from the original on February 1, 2014. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  17. ^ Vega, Jennifer (August 24, 2010). "Mineros lanzan un Ceacheí en primer contacto telefónico". La Nación (in Spanish). Santiago: Empresa Periodistica La Nación. Archived from the original on August 27, 2010. Retrieved December 31, 2018.