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'''Ghalghaï''' ({{lang-inh|ГIалгIай}}, {{IPA-cau|ˈʁəlʁɑj|}}) is the self-name of the Ingush people.{{sfn|Гюльденштедт|2002|p=238}}{{sfn|Pallas|1811|p=176}}{{sfn|Klaproth|1812|pp=5, 9, 57}}{{sfn|Броневский|1823|p=153: |
'''Ghalghaï''' ({{lang-inh|ГIалгIай}}, {{IPA-cau|ˈʁəlʁɑj|}}) is the self-name of the Ingush people.{{sfn|Гюльденштедт|2002|p=238}}{{sfn|Pallas|1811|p=176}}{{sfn|Klaproth|1812|pp=5, 9, 57}}{{sfn|Броневский|1823|p=153: |
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«Кисты сами себя называютЬ поперемѣнно Кисты, Галга, Ингуши, и одно названiе вмѣсто другаго употребляютЬ...»}} It is most often associated with the term "ghala" (''гIала'') - tower, fortress and accordingly is translated as the builder/inhabitant of the tower, fortress. Some scholars associate it with the ancient [[Gargareans]]{{sfn|Латышев|1947|pp=222, 281}} and [[Gelae (Scythian tribe)|Gelaï]]{{sfn|Яновский|1846|p=201}}{{sfn|Кох|1842|p=489}}{{sfn|Klaproth|1812|p=643}}{{sfn|Бутков|1837|p=10}}{{sfn|Wahl|1875|p=239}} mentioned in the 1st century in the work of the ancient historian and geographer [[Strabo]]. In Georgian sources, in the form of [[Gligvi]], it is mentioned as an ethnonym that existed during the reign of [[Mirian I of Iberia|Mirian I]],{{sfn|Бердзенешвили|Дондуа|Думбадзе|Меликишвили|1962|p=25}} as well as the ruler of Kakheti [[Kvirike III of Kakheti|Kvirike III]].{{sfn|Джанашвили|1897|p=31}}{{sfn|Волкова|1973|p=158}} In Russian sources, "Ghalghaï" first becomes known in the second half of the 16th century, in the form of "Kolkans"/"Kalkans", "Kolki"/"Kalki", "Kalkan people".{{sfn|Кушева|1963|p=65}}{{sfn|Волкова|1973|pp=154–155}}{{sfn|Белокуров|1889|pp=222, 456}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.be/books?id=6OaOaYo6J7oC&printsec=frontcover&hl=ru&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B&f=false|title=Владимир Вольфович Богуславский: Славянская энциклопедия XVII век|language=ru|page=538}}</ref> |
«Кисты сами себя называютЬ поперемѣнно Кисты, Галга, Ингуши, и одно названiе вмѣсто другаго употребляютЬ...»}} It is most often associated with the term "ghala" (''гIала'') - tower, fortress and accordingly is translated as the builder/inhabitant of the tower, fortress. Some scholars associate it with the ancient [[Gargareans]]{{sfn|Латышев|1947|pp=222, 281}} and [[Gelae (Scythian tribe)|Gelaï]]{{sfn|Яновский|1846|p=201}}{{sfn|Кох|1842|p=489}}{{sfn|Klaproth|1812|p=643}}{{sfn|Бутков|1837|p=10}}{{sfn|Wahl|1875|p=239}} mentioned in the 1st century in the work of the ancient historian and geographer [[Strabo]]. In Georgian sources, in the form of [[Gligvi]], it is mentioned as an ethnonym that existed during the reign of [[Mirian I of Iberia|Mirian I]],{{sfn|Бердзенешвили|Дондуа|Думбадзе|Меликишвили|1962|p=25}} as well as the ruler of Kakheti [[Kvirike III of Kakheti|Kvirike III]].{{sfn|Джанашвили|1897|p=31}}{{sfn|Волкова|1973|p=158}} In Russian sources, "Ghalghaï" first becomes known in the second half of the 16th century, in the form of "Kolkans"/"Kalkans", "Kolki"/"Kalki", "Kalkan people".{{sfn|Кушева|1963|p=65}}{{sfn|Волкова|1973|pp=154–155}}{{sfn|Белокуров|1889|pp=222, 456}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.be/books?id=6OaOaYo6J7oC&printsec=frontcover&hl=ru&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B&f=false|title=Владимир Вольфович Богуславский: Славянская энциклопедия XVII век|language=ru|page=538}}</ref> |
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'''The Ingush are a people of the Chechen''' tribe inhabiting the central and southern parts of the Sunzha department (the former Ingush district) of the Terek region. and got its name from the large, now defunct aul Angusht or Ingush in the Tara Valley; I. call themselves lamour. I. break up into Dzherahovtsy, Kistins (Kists), Gal (a) Gaevtsy, Nazranians and Galashevtsy, according to the name of the villages, valleys, mountains or rivers on which they live; the transfer of rural administrations from one aul to another sometimes entailed a change in the name of the society.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Ingush - Encyclopedia, Brockhaus-Efron"|url=http://gatchina3000.ru/big/044/44295_brockhaus-efron.htm |access-date=2023-02-16 |website=gatchina3000.ru}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 15:46, 16 February 2023
Ghalghaï (Ingush: ГIалгIай, Template:IPA-cau) is the self-name of the Ingush people.[1][2][3][4] It is most often associated with the term "ghala" (гIала) - tower, fortress and accordingly is translated as the builder/inhabitant of the tower, fortress. Some scholars associate it with the ancient Gargareans[5] and Gelaï[6][7][8][9][10] mentioned in the 1st century in the work of the ancient historian and geographer Strabo. In Georgian sources, in the form of Gligvi, it is mentioned as an ethnonym that existed during the reign of Mirian I,[11] as well as the ruler of Kakheti Kvirike III.[12][13] In Russian sources, "Ghalghaï" first becomes known in the second half of the 16th century, in the form of "Kolkans"/"Kalkans", "Kolki"/"Kalki", "Kalkan people".[14][15][16][17] The Ingush are a people of the Chechen tribe inhabiting the central and southern parts of the Sunzha department (the former Ingush district) of the Terek region. and got its name from the large, now defunct aul Angusht or Ingush in the Tara Valley; I. call themselves lamour. I. break up into Dzherahovtsy, Kistins (Kists), Gal (a) Gaevtsy, Nazranians and Galashevtsy, according to the name of the villages, valleys, mountains or rivers on which they live; the transfer of rural administrations from one aul to another sometimes entailed a change in the name of the society.[18]
References
- ^ Гюльденштедт 2002, p. 238.
- ^ Pallas 1811, p. 176.
- ^ Klaproth 1812, pp. 5, 9, 57.
- ^ Броневский 1823, p. 153: «Кисты сами себя называютЬ поперемѣнно Кисты, Галга, Ингуши, и одно названiе вмѣсто другаго употребляютЬ...».
- ^ Латышев 1947, pp. 222, 281.
- ^ Яновский 1846, p. 201.
- ^ Кох 1842, p. 489.
- ^ Klaproth 1812, p. 643.
- ^ Бутков 1837, p. 10.
- ^ Wahl 1875, p. 239.
- ^ Бердзенешвили et al. 1962, p. 25.
- ^ Джанашвили 1897, p. 31.
- ^ Волкова 1973, p. 158.
- ^ Кушева 1963, p. 65.
- ^ Волкова 1973, pp. 154–155.
- ^ Белокуров 1889, pp. 222, 456.
- ^ "Владимир Вольфович Богуславский: Славянская энциклопедия XVII век" (in Russian). p. 538.
- ^ ""Ingush - Encyclopedia, Brockhaus-Efron"". gatchina3000.ru. Retrieved 2023-02-16.
Bibliography
- Гюльденштедт, Иоганн Антон (2002). Путешествие по Кавказу в 1770-1773 гг. // VI. Провинция Кистия, или Кистетия (in Russian). Санкт-Петербург: Петербургское Востоковедение. pp. 1–508.
- Pallas, Peter Simon (1811). Second voyage de Pallas, ou voyages entrepris dans les gouvernemens méridionaux de l’Empire de Russie: pendant les années 1793 et 1794 (in French). Vol. 2. Paris. pp. 1–383.
- Klaproth, Julius Heinreich (1812). Geographisch-historische Beschreibung des östlichen Kaukasus, zwischen den Flüssen Terek, Aragwi, Kur und dem Kaspischen Meere. Pt.2 of Volume 50 (in German).
- Броневский, Семён Михайлович (1823). Новейшие географические и исторические известия о Кавказе: Часть II (in Russian). Москва: Типография С. Селивановского. pp. 1–458.
- Латышев, В.В. (1947). Известия древних писателей о Скифии и Кавказе // ВЕСТНИК ДРЕВНЕЙ ИСТОРИИ, №4 (in Russian). Москва-Ленинград: Издательство Академии Наук СССР.
- Яновский, А. О. (1846). Древней Кавказской Албании. Часть LII. Отд. II (in Russian). Санкт-Петербург: Журнал Министерства народного просвещения.
- Кох, Карл (1842). Путешествие через Россию к Кавказскому перешейку — 1836, 1837, 1838 г. (in Russian).
- Бутков, П. Г. (1869). Материалы для новой истории Кавказа, с 1722 по 1803 год. Часть вторая / Императорская академия наук. Непременный секретарь академик К. Веселовский (in Russian). Санкт-Петербург: Типография Императорской академии наук. pp. 1–602.
- Wahl, O. W. (1875). The Land of the Czar. London: Chapman and Hall. pp. 1–417.
- Бердзенешвили, Н. А.; Дондуа, В. Д.; Думбадзе, М. К.; Меликишвили, Г. А.; Месхиа, Ш. А. (1962). История Грузии: с древнейших времён до 60-х годов XIX века (in Russian). Тбилиси: Издательство учебно-педагогической литературы.
- Джанашвили, М. Г. (1897). Известия грузинских летописей и историков о Северном Кавказе и России (in Russian). Тифлис: Типография К.П. Козловского.
- Волкова, Н. Г. (1973). Этнонимы и племенные названия Северного Кавказа (in Russian). Москва: Наука. pp. 1–211.
- Кушева, Е. Н. (1963). Народы Северного Кавказа и их связи с Россией (вторая половина XVI - 30-е годы XVIII века) (in Russian). Москва: Издательство Академии Наук СССР. pp. 1–373.
- Белокуров, Сергей Алексеевич (1889). Сношения России с Кавказом. Выпуск 1-й. 1578-1613 гг (in Russian). Москва: Университетская типография. pp. 1–715.