Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway

Lanzhou−Xinjiang railway 兰新铁路
A train running through the deserts of Xinjiang
Overview
Status	Operational
Locale	People's Republic of China Gansu Xinjiang
Termini	Lanzhou railway station Ürümqi South railway station
Service
Type	Heavy rail
System	China Railway
Operator(s)	China Railway Lanzhou Group China Railway Ürümqi Group
History
Opened	1966
Technical
Line length	1,904 km (1,183 mi)
Number of tracks	2 (Double-track railway)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Operating speed	160km/h

The Lanzhou−Xinjiang railway or Lanxin railway (simplified Chinese: 兰新铁路; traditional Chinese: 蘭新鐵路; pinyin: Lánxīn Tiělù), is the longest railway in Northwestern China. It runs 1904 kilometres (1,183 miles) from Lanzhou, Gansu, through the Hexi Corridor, to Ürümqi, in Xinjiang. It was Xinjiang's only rail link with the rest of China until the opening of the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high-speed railway in December 2014. The railway follows the path of the ancient Silk Road.

The Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway, often abbreviated as the Lanxin line, is the longest railway built by the People's Republic of China. It was built by the China Railway Engineering Corporation. Construction of the initial stage (to Ürümqi) started in 1952, completed in 1962 and opened in 1966. The extension to the Kazakhstan border was built in the late 1980s, linkup with the Kazakhstan Railroads achieved on September 12, 1990. After the completion of the 20 km Wushaoling Tunnel in 2006, the railway from Lanzhou to Ürümqi is all double-tracked.

The Lanxin railway's eastern terminus is Lanzhou railway station. Lanzhou is a railway junction city in eastern Gansu Province, where the Lanzhou–Qinghai, Baotou–Lanzhou and Longhai Railways converge. From Lanzhou, the line heads west, across the Yellow River, into the Hexi Corridor, where it passes through Gansu cities Wuwei, Jinchang, Zhangye, Jiuquan and Jiayuguan, en route to Xinjiang. Once in Xinjiang, the railway passes through Hami, Shanshan, Turpan and Dabancheng, before reaching Ürümqi in central Xinjiang.

The Lanxin railway is sometimes categorized to include the Northern Xinjiang railway, which continues west from Ürümqi to Alashankou, on the Kazakhstan border. The distance from Alashankou to Lanzhou is 2360 km. Beyond Alashankou, the railway links up with the Turkestan–Siberia railway of Central Asia and eventually reaches Rotterdam.

The railway's northern branch extends 477 kilometres from Ürümqi to Alataw Pass (its westernmost point), where China's Alashankou railway station is connected to Kazakhstan's Dostyk station.

The railway also has a southern branch, which splits off the main line near Turpan (east of Ürümqi), and runs west to Kashgar at the westernmost tip of the country. It was completed in 1999.

Xinjiang coal is one of the main types of freight shipped along the railway. In 2010, the railway is expected to ship 30 million tons of it, and by 2012, the amount is anticipated to rise to 50 million tons.^[1]

A new high-speed passenger rail line from Lanzhou to Xinjiang opened in December 2014.^[2] The line is mostly parallel to the existing Lanxin railway, with the exception of also serving Xining, Qinghai rather than staying entirely within Gansu province on the way to Xinjiang. The estimated cost was 143.5 billion yuan. Since the completion of this route, the older Lanxin railway is used mostly for freight.^[3]

There is also a planned railway connecting Golmud and Korla, to be an alternative railway corridor to Xinjiang.

• Lanxin Railway
• 
  Lanzhou Station
• 
  Jinchang Station
• 
  Jinchang Station platform
• 
  Wuwei Station
• 
  Wuwei platform
• 
  Jiayuguan Station
• 
  Liuyuan Station
• 
  Wind farm along the railway in Xinjiang
• 
  Ürümqi Station

• "Xinjiang Travel Guide". China Travel Guide. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved December 24, 2005.
• "The Economic Development of Xinjiang After the Founding of New China". Government White Papers. Retrieved December 24, 2005.
• "Lanzhou–Xinjiang Railway". China Railway Engineering Corporation. Archived from the original on March 2, 2006. Retrieved December 24, 2005.