Egyptian stelae in the Levant

The Egyptian Stelae in the Levant are the approximately 25 Ancient Egyptian stelae discovered in the Levant, today known as Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine and Jordan.^[1] The most notable examples are the Stelae of Nahr el-Kalb and the Beisan steles.

Only five pharaohs are represented: Thutmosis III and his son Amenophis II (1479 - 1401 BC, both 18th dynasty), Seti I and his son Ramesses II and (1290 BC to 1213 BC, both 19th dynasty), and Shoshenq I (943–922 BC, 22nd dynasty).

List of known stelae

Original location	Image	Pharaoh / year	Preservation	Discovery date	Current location	Ref.
Stelae of Nahr el-Kalb		Ramesses II, year 4	rock-stela, eroded	1697	in situ	[2]
		Ramesses II, year 10	rock-stela, eroded	1697
		Ramesses II	rock-stela, eroded, vandalized in 1860/61	1697
Aadloun stele		Ramesses II	rock-stela, eroded since destroyed	?	in situ, now destroyed
Al-Shaykh Saad		Ramesses II	complete, eroded	1891	(unknown)	[3]
Tell Shihab		Seti I	Fragment	1901	Istanbul	[4]
Byblos		Ramesses II, year 4	Two fragments	1919	Beirut
Tell al-Nabi Mando		Seti I	Fragment	1921	Aleppo
Beisan steles		Seti I	Fragment	1921	Rockefeller Archeological Museum
		Seti I, year 1	Complete	1923
		Ramesses II, year 18	Complete	1923	Penn Museum
		Ramesses II	Two fragments	1923, 1925	Jerusalem and Penn Museum	[5]
Tel Megiddo		Sheshonq I	Fragment	1925-29	Jerusalem	[6][7]
Tell el-'Oreimeh		Thutmosis III or Amenophis II	Fragment	1928	Deganya	[8]
Byblos		Thutmosis III (?)	Fragment	1933-38	Beirut
Tyre		Seti I	Two fragments	1960s
		Ramesses II	Fragment	1960s
		Ramesses II	Fragment	prior to 1975
Al-Kiswah		Ramesses II, year 56	Fragment	1994	Damascus
at-Turra		Ramesses II	Fragment	1999	in situ
Maydaa				2010		[9]

See also

• Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II
• Tabnit sarcophagus
• Merneptah Stele

Bibliography

References