^Severe symptoms without hospitalization or death for an individual, are any one of the following severe respiratory symptoms measured at rest on any time during the course of observation (on top of having either pneumonia, deep vein thrombosis, dyspnea, hypoxia, persistent chest pain, anorexia, confusion, fever above 38 °C (100 °F)), that however were not persistent/severe enough to cause hospitalization or death: Any respiratory rate ≥30 breaths/minute, heart rate ≥125 beats/minute, oxygen saturation (SpO2) ≤93% on room air at sea level, or partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) <300 mmHg.
^Severe symptoms causing hospitalization or death, are those requiring treatment at hospitals or results in deaths: dyspnea, hypoxia, persistent chest pain, anorexia, confusion, fever above 38 °C (100 °F), respiratory failure, kidney failure, multiorgan dysfunction, sepsis, shock.
^With twelve weeks or more between doses. For an interval of less than six weeks, the trial found an efficacy 55% (33–70%).
^With a four-week interval between doses. Efficacy is "at preventing symptomatic COVID-19".
^ abcCOVID-19 symptoms observed in the Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine trials, were only counted as such for vaccinated individuals if they began more than seven days after their second dose, and required presence of a positive RT-PCR test result. Mild/moderate cases required at least one of the following symptoms and a positive test during, or within 4 days before or after, the symptomatic period: fever; new or increased cough; new or increased shortness of breath; chills; new or increased muscle pain; new loss of taste or smell; sore throat; diarrhoea; or vomiting. Severe cases additionally required at least one of the following symptoms: clinical signs at rest indicative of severe systemic illness (RR ≥30 breaths per minute, HR ≥125 beats per minute, SpO2 ≤93% on room air at sea level, or PaO2/FiO2<300mm Hg); respiratory failure (defined as needing high-flow oxygen, non-invasive ventilation, mechanical ventilation, or ECMO); evidence of shock (SBP <90 mm Hg, DBP <60 mm Hg, or requiring vasopressors); significant acute renal, hepatic, or neurologic dysfunction; admission to an ICU; death.[3][4]
^ abcdefThis measurement is not accurate enough to support the high efficacy because the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval is lower than the minimum of 30%.
^ abcdefghijklEfficacy reported 28 days post-vaccination for the Janssen single shot vaccine. A lower efficacy was found for the vaccinated individuals 14 days post-vaccination.[5]
^ abcdNo hospitalizations or deaths were detected 28 days post-vaccination for 19,630 vaccinated individuals in the trials, compared with 16 hospitalizations reported in the placebo group of 19,691 individuals (incidence rate 5.2 per 1000 person-years)[5] and seven COVID-19 related deaths for the same placebo group.[6]
^Mild/Moderate COVID-19 symptoms observed in the Moderna vaccine trials, were only counted as such for vaccinated individuals if they began more than 14 days after their second dose, and required presence of a positive RT-PCR test result along with at least two systemic symptoms (fever above 38ºC, chills, myalgia, headache, sore throat, new olfactory and taste disorder) or just one respiratory symptom (cough, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, or clinical or radiographical evidence of pneumonia).[7]
^ abSevere COVID-19 symptoms observed in the Moderna vaccine trials, were defined as symptoms having met the criteria for mild/moderate symptoms plus any of the following observations: Clinical signs indicative of severe systemic illness, respiratory rate ≥30 per minute, heart rate ≥125 beats per minute, SpO2 ≤93% on room air at sea level or PaO2/FIO2 <300 mm Hg; or respiratory failure or ARDS, (defined as needing high-flow oxygen, non-invasive or mechanical ventilation, or ECMO), evidence of shock (systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg, diastolic BP <60 mmHg or requiring vasopressors); or significant acute renal, hepatic, or neurologic dysfunction; or admission to an intensive care unit or death. No severe cases were detected for vaccinated individuals in the trials, compared with thirty in the placebo group (incidence rate 9.1 per 1000 person-years).[7]
^ abcdeThese PhaseIII data have not been published or peer reviewed.
These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
^Voysey M, Costa Clemens SA, Madhi SA, Weckx LY, Folegatti PM, Aley PK, Angus B, Baillie VL, Barnabas SL, Bhorat QE, Bibi S, Briner C, Cicconi P, Clutterbuck EA, Collins AM, Cutland CL, Darton TC, Dheda K, Dold C, Duncan CJ, Emary KR, Ewer KJ, Flaxman A, Fairlie L, Faust SN, Feng S, Ferreira DM, Finn A, Galiza E, Goodman AL, Green CM, Green CA, Greenland M, Hill C, Hill HC, Hirsch I, Izu A, Jenkin D, Joe CC, Kerridge S, Koen A, Kwatra G, Lazarus R, Libri V, Lillie PJ, Marchevsky NG, Marshall RP, Mendes AV, Milan EP, Minassian AM, McGregor A, Mujadidi YF, Nana A, Padayachee SD, Phillips DJ, Pittella A, Plested E, Pollock KM, Ramasamy MN, Ritchie AJ, Robinson H, Schwarzbold AV, Smith A, Song R, Snape MD, Sprinz E, Sutherland RK, Thomson EC, Török ME, Toshner M, Turner DP, Vekemans J, Villafana TL, White T, Williams CJ, Douglas AD, Hill AV, Lambe T, Gilbert SC, Pollard AJ (March 2021). "Single-dose administration and the influence of the timing of the booster dose on immunogenicity and efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine: a pooled analysis of four randomised trials". Lancet. 397 (10277): 881–891. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00432-3. PMC7894131. PMID33617777.
^Falsey, Ann R.; Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E.; Hirsch, Ian; Sproule, Stephanie; Robb, Merlin L.; Corey, Lawrence; Neuzil, Kathleen M.; Hahn, William; Hunt, Julie; Mulligan, Mark J.; McEvoy, Charlene; DeJesus, Edwin; Hassman, Michael; Little, Susan J.; Pahud, Barbara A.; Durbin, Anna; Pickrell, Paul; Daar, Eric S.; Bush, Larry; Solis, Joel; Carr, Quito Osuna; Oyedele, Temitope; Buchbinder, Susan; Cowden, Jessica; Vargas, Sergio L.; Guerreros Benavides, Alfredo; Call, Robert; Keefer, Michael C.; Kirkpatrick, Beth D.; Pullman, John; Tong, Tina; Brewinski Isaacs, Margaret; Benkeser, David; Janes, Holly E.; Nason, Martha C.; Green, Justin A.; Kelly, Elizabeth J.; Maaske, Jill; Mueller, Nancy; Shoemaker, Kathryn; Takas, Therese; Marshall, Richard P.; Pangalos, Menelas N.; Villafana, Tonya; Gonzalez-Lopez, Antonio (16 December 2021). "Phase 3 Safety and Efficacy of AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) Covid-19 Vaccine". New England Journal of Medicine. 385 (25): 2348–2360. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2105290.
^ abCommittee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (19 February 2021). Assessment report: Comirnaty(PDF) (European public assessment report). Corr.1. European Medicines Agency (EMA). COVID-19 Case Definitions; tables 2, 5, 12, 13. EMA/707383/2020. Archived(PDF) from the original on 20 June 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
^Palacios, Ricardo; Batista, Ana Paula; Albuquerque, Camila Santos Nascimento; Patiño, Elizabeth González; Santos, Joane do Prado; Tilli Reis Pessoa Conde, Mônica; Piorelli, Roberta de Oliveira; Pereira Júnior, Luiz Carlos; Raboni, Sonia Mara; Ramos, Fabiano; Sierra Romero, Gustavo Adolfo (April 2021). "Efficacy and Safety of a COVID-19 Inactivated Vaccine in Healthcare Professionals in Brazil: The PROFISCOV Study". SSRN3822780.
^"Single dose vaccine, Sputnik Light, authorized for use in Russia" (Press release). Russian Direct Investment Fund. 6 May 2021. Retrieved 1 July 2021. The single dose Sputnik Light vaccine demonstrated 79.4% efficacy according to analyzed data taken from 28 days after the injection was administered as part of Russia's mass vaccination program between 5 December 2020 and 15 April 2021.
