Sergěj Ingr

General of the Army
Sergěj Ingr
General of the Army Sergěj Ingr
	(Photograph taken onboard the Polish Navy submarine ORP Wilk (Wolf).)
Minister of National Defense of Czechoslovakia
	In office; 21 July 1940 – 19 September 1944
Preceded by	Jan Syrový
Succeeded by	Jan Masaryk
Personal details
Born	2 September 1894; Vlkoš, Margraviate of Moravia, Austria-Hungary
Died	17 June 1956 (aged 61); Paris, France
Nationality	Czech
Military service
Allegiance	Austria-Hungary; Serbia; Czechoslovakia
Branch/service	Austro-Hungarian Army; Serbian Army; Czechoslovak Legions; Czechoslovak Army
Years of service	1913–1915 (Austria-Hungary); 1915–1916 (Serbia); 1916–1945 (Czechoslovakia)
Rank	Sergeant (Austria-Hungary); General of the Army (Czechoslovakia)

General of the Army Jan Sergěj Ingr (2 September 1894 – 17 June 1956) was a Czechoslovak Army five star general and the Minister of National Defense in the Czechoslovak government-in-exile during the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.^[1]

Early life

Ingr was born in Vlkoš in the Margraviate of Moravia (present-day Czech Republic) in 1894 to his father Jan, mayor of the municipality. He had four brothers and three sisters. He attended the gymnasium (secondary school) in Kyjov and in 1913 became a member of the cadet school in Královo Pole.

First World War

After the outbreak of the First World War he went as a Sergeant to the Eastern Front. In the fall of 1915 he was captured by the Russians at Caricyn. He then joined the 1st Serbian Voluntary Division and fought against the Bulgarians in Dobruja. In 1916 he transferred to the 2nd Artillery Regiment of George of Poděbrady with the rank of Lieutenant and joined the famous Czechoslovak Legions. He adopted the name Sergěj and became a member of the Eastern Orthodox Church. In 1917 he fought in France and in 1918 took part in battles in the Ardennes and in Foligno. By the end of the war he had risen to Captain and was able to speak five foreign languages (German, Russian, Serbian, French and Italian).^[2]

Between wars

In December 1918 he returned to Czechoslovakia to battle the Hungarians, who were claiming a part of Czechoslovak territory, as a part of the Hungarian–Romanian War of 1919. Following those engagements, he moved to Cieszyn Silesia and helped the army to solve the disputes with Poland.^{[citation needed]} He then saw further victories ^{[clarification needed]} in Jablunkov, as well as in Třinec and was promoted to Major. During the mobilization in 1938 he was already a divisional general and commander of the 3rd Czechoslovak Army Corps.

Second World War

At the behest of president Edvard Beneš, Ingr moved into exile in France. In Paris, he established an Army Office and began mobilising Czechoslovak troops in the town of Agde, becoming Commander of the Czechoslovak Army in France. In 1940 he and his 11,405 volunteers took part in the Battle of France which saw combat on the Marne, the Seine and the Loire. After the establishment of the Czechoslovak government-in-exile in London, Ingr was appointed Minister of National Defense. In 1944, after intervention by the Communists, he was removed from office, but was instead appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Czechoslovak Armed Forces.

Post-war

On 6 July 1945 Ingr was promoted to army general and retired, becoming his country's ambassador in The Hague. In 1949 he established The Council of Free Czechoslovakia as the attempt to reestablish the democracy in Czechoslovakia after the Communist's victory. He died in 1956, officially of heart failure.