Portal:Yemen
Yemen Portal
Yemen (/ˈjɛmən/ ; Arabic: ٱلْيَمَنْ, romanized: al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen, is a sovereign state in West Asia. Located in the southern Arabian Peninsula, it borders Saudi Arabia to the north, Oman to the northeast, and the Indian Ocean to the south, sharing maritime borders with Eritrea, Djibouti and Somalia across the Horn of Africa. Covering roughly 528,000 square kilometres (203,861 square miles), with a coastline of approximately 2,000 kilometres (1,200 miles), Yemen is the second largest country on the Arabian Peninsula. Sanaa is its constitutional capital and largest city. Yemen's estimated population is 34.7 million, mostly Arab Muslims. It is a member of the Arab League, the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.
Owing to its geographic location, Yemen has been at the crossroads of many civilisations for over 7,000 years. In 1200 BCE, the Sabaeans formed a thriving commercial kingdom that included parts of modern Ethiopia and Eritrea. In 275 CE, it was succeeded by the Himyarite Kingdom, which spanned much of Yemen's present-day territory and was heavily influenced by Judaism. Christianity arrived in the fourth century, followed by the rapid spread of Islam in the seventh century. Yemenite troops playing a crucial role in early Islamic conquests. Various dynasties emerged between the 9th and 16th centuries. During the 19th century, the country was divided between the Ottoman and British empires. After World War I, the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen was established, which in 1962 became the Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen) following a coup. In 1967, the British Aden Protectorate became the independent People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (South Yemen), the first and only officially socialist state in the Arab world. In 1990, the two Yemeni states united to form the modern Republic of Yemen (al-Jumhūrīyah al-Yamanīyah), with Ali Abdullah Saleh serving as the first president until his resignation in 2012 in the wake of the Arab Spring.
Since 2011, Yemen has been enduring a political crisis, marked by street protests against poverty, unemployment, corruption, and President Saleh's plan to amend Yemen's constitution and eliminate the presidential term limit. By 2015, the country became engulfed by an ongoing civil war with multiple entities vying for governance, including the Presidential Leadership Council of the internationally recognized government, the Houthi movement's Supreme Political Council, and the separatist Southern Movement's Southern Transitional Council. This conflict, which has escalated to involve various foreign powers, has led to a severe humanitarian crisis. (Full article...)
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The North Yemen civil war (Arabic: ثورة 26 سبتمبر, romanized: Thawra 26 Sabtambar, lit. '26 September Revolution') was a civil war fought in North Yemen from 1962 to 1970 between partisans of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom and supporters of the Yemen Arab Republic. The war began with a coup d'état carried out in 1962 by revolutionary republicans led by the army under the command of Abdullah as-Sallal. He dethroned the newly crowned King and Imam Muhammad al-Badr and declared Yemen a republic under his presidency. His government abolished slavery in Yemen. The Imam escaped to the Saudi Arabian border where he rallied popular support from northern Zaydi tribes to retake power, and the conflict escalated rapidly to a full-scale civil war.
On the royalist side, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Israel supplied military aid, and Britain gave covert support. The republicans were supported by Egypt (then formally known as the United Arab Republic) and were supplied warplanes from the Soviet Union. (Full article...)List of selected articles
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Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din (or Imam Yahya) (Arabic: يحيى محمد حميد الدين, 18 June 1869 – 17 February 1948) was the first king of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen from 1918 until his assassination in 1948. He became Imam of the Zaydis, a branch of Shia Islam, in 1904 after the death of his father, Muhammad Al-Mansur, and Imam of Yemen in 1918. His name and title in full was "His majesty Amir al-Mumenin al-Mutawakkil 'Ala Allah Rab ul-Alamin Imam Yahya bin al-Mansur Bi'llah Muhammad Hamidaddin, Imam and Commander of the Faithful" (the prince of the believers, he who relies on God, the Lord of the Universe).
Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din was born on Friday 18 June 1869 in Sanaa into the Hamidaddin branch of the al-Qasimi dynasty who ruled most of Yemen proper and the southern region of present-day Saudi Arabia for over 900 years. When Yahya became Imam, he effectively ruled over the mountainous areas of what will be North Yemen. However, the Ottomans who made claims in the area did not recognize the rule of the Imams of Yemen since their entry into the region. He spent the early years of his reign attempting to expel the Ottoman presence, who withdrew only after their defeat in World War I. (Full article...)List of selected biographies
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Códice Casanatense, c. 1540) (from History of Yemen)Arabian boduis farm couple, possibly Yemeni (
- Ruins of
- Sabaean gravestone of a woman holding a stylized sheaf of wheat, a symbol of fertility in ancient Yemen (from
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Colony of Aden. (from History of Yemen)Flag of the
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Jabal Haraz, UNESCO Tentative Site (from Tourism in Yemen)
- Zurayid Kingdom and the neighbouring polities (from
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Zabid, UNESCO World Heritage Site (from Tourism in Yemen)Old City of
- Queen Arwa al- Sulaihi Palace (from
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Aden was built by the British in 1850 and is currently abandoned. (from History of Yemen)Saint Mary's Garrison church in
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British Empire. (from History of Yemen)Postage stamp of the Kathiri state of Sai'yun with portrait of Sultan Jafar bin Mansur. Kathiri is Kingdom of Hadhramaut Protected/Controlled
- Protest in Sana'a, 3 February 2011 (from
- The Himyarite Kingdom at its height in 525 AD (from
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stela featuring a musical scene, 1st century AD (from History of Yemen)A funerary
- Zaidi State under the rule of Al-Mutawakkil Isma'il (1675) (from
- The
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Great Mosque of Sana'a, the oldest mosque in Yemen (from History of Yemen)Interior of the
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Qadi of Sa'dah, Yemen, in 1200-1210, according to the Maqamat al-Hariri (BNF 3929) (from History of Yemen)The
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Shaharah in the western highlands, with terracing at top right (from Wildlife of Yemen)Bridge at
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Thula fortress in 'Amran, where al-Mutahhar ibn Yaha barricaded himself against Ottoman attacks. (from History of Yemen)Ruins of
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Old City of Sana'a, UNESCO World Heritage Site (from Tourism in Yemen)
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The Madrasa Amiriya of Rada, UNESCO Tentative Site (from Tourism in Yemen)
- Himyarite King
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Hawf, UNESCO World Heritage Site (from Tourism in Yemen)
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Yemeni Civil War (2014–present)Current (November 2021) political and military control in ongoingControlled by the Government of Yemen (under the Presidential Leadership Council since April 2022) and alliesControlled by Ansar al-Sharia, Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula and Islamic State of Iraq and the LevantControlled by Southern Transitional Council(from History of Yemen)
- The Sasanian Empire at its greatest extent c.
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The Historic City of Thula, UNESCO Tentative Site (from Tourism in Yemen)
- Rasulid Kingdom around 1264 AD (from
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Old Walled City of Shibam, UNESCO World Heritage Site (from Tourism in Yemen)
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Imam Yahya hamid ed-Din's house in Sana'a(from History of Yemen)
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Jibla and its surroundings, UNESCO Tentative Site (from Tourism in Yemen)
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Arabian leopard (from Wildlife of Yemen)The critically endangered
- Tahirids in light green and Zaydi imams in dark green (from
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Zabid in Yemen. Illustration from the 1237 Maqamat al-Hariri produced in Baghdad by al-Wasiti (Arabe 5847) (from History of Yemen)Slave-market in the town of
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Mocha was Yemen's busiest port in the 17th and 18th century. (from History of Yemen)
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Balhaf/Burum coastal area, UNESCO Tentative Site (from Tourism in Yemen)
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Al-Qahyra (Cairo) Castle's Garden in Ta'izz, the capital of Yemen during the Rasulid's era (from History of Yemen)
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- A Yemeni
- dragon's blood tree (Dracaena cinnabari) in
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Himyarite Kingdom king who probably reigned in late 3rd or early 4th century AD. Displayed in the Sana'a National Museum.A bronze statue of Dhamar Ali Yahbur II, a
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Al Saleh Mosque in Sana'a.
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Marib Dam (1988)Ruins of the Great
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Barran Temple in Marib.
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Seiyun Palace was the royal residence of the sultan of Kathiri, located in the town of Seiyun in the Hadhramaut region, Yemen. It is one of the world’s largest mud-brick structures.
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Temple of Awwam in Marib.
- A Griffon from the royal palace at Shabwa, the capital city of
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Qatabanians the circa 75-50 BCE.Bronze lion with a rider made by
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Jews of Maswar, Yemen, in 1902
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