Paper spray ionization

Paper spray ionization is a technique used in mass spectrometry to produce ions from a sample to be analyzed. It is a variant of electrospray ionization.^[1] The sample (for instance a few microlitres of blood or urine) is applied to a piece of paper and solvent is added. Then a high voltage is applied, which creates the ions to be analyzed with a mass spectrometer. The method, first described in 2010,^[2] is relatively easy to use and can detect and measure the presence of various substances in the sample. This technique shows great potential for point-of-care clinical applications, in that important tests may be run and results obtained within a reasonable amount of time in proximity to the patient in a single visit.^[3]

In 2017 it was reported that a test based on paper spray ionization mass spectrometry can detect cocaine use from a subject's fingerprint.^[4] It was also used to detect pesticides from the surfaces of fruits. ^[5]

References

^ Meher, Anil Kumar; Chen, Yu-Chie (2017). "Electrospray Modifications for Advancing Mass Spectrometric Analysis". Mass Spectrometry. 6 (Spec Iss): S0057. doi:10.5702/massspectrometry.S0057. PMC 5448333. PMID 28573082.
^ Liu, Jiangjiang; Wang, He; Manicke, Nicholas E.; Lin, Jin-Ming; Cooks, R. Graham; Ouyang, Zheng (2010-03-15). "Development, characterization, and application of paper spray ionization". Analytical Chemistry. 82 (6): 2463–2471. doi:10.1021/ac902854g. PMID 20158226.
^ Damon, Deidre E.; Davis, Kathryn M.; Moreira, Camila R.; Capone, Patricia; Cruttenden, Riley; Badu-Tawiah, Abraham K. (2016-02-02). "Direct Biofluid Analysis Using Hydrophobic Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry". Analytical Chemistry. 88 (3): 1878–1884. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04278. ISSN 0003-2700. PMID 26730614.
^ Glatter, Robert (September 23, 2017). "New Fingerprint Test Can Detect Cocaine Use In Seconds". Forbes.
^ Soparwalla, Santosh; Tadjimukhamedov, Fatkhulla K.; Wiley, Joshua S.; Ouyang, Zheng; Cooks, R. Graham (2011). "In situ analysis of agrochemical residues on fruit using ambient ionization on a handheld mass spectrometer". Analyst. 136 (21): 4392–4396. doi:10.1039/C1AN15493A. PMID 21892448.

[1] Meher, Anil Kumar; Chen, Yu-Chie (2017). "Electrospray Modifications for Advancing Mass Spectrometric Analysis". Mass Spectrometry. 6 (Spec Iss): S0057. doi:10.5702/massspectrometry.S0057. PMC 5448333. PMID 28573082.

[2] Liu, Jiangjiang; Wang, He; Manicke, Nicholas E.; Lin, Jin-Ming; Cooks, R. Graham; Ouyang, Zheng (2010-03-15). "Development, characterization, and application of paper spray ionization". Analytical Chemistry. 82 (6): 2463–2471. doi:10.1021/ac902854g. PMID 20158226.

[3] Damon, Deidre E.; Davis, Kathryn M.; Moreira, Camila R.; Capone, Patricia; Cruttenden, Riley; Badu-Tawiah, Abraham K. (2016-02-02). "Direct Biofluid Analysis Using Hydrophobic Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry". Analytical Chemistry. 88 (3): 1878–1884. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04278. ISSN 0003-2700. PMID 26730614.

[4] Glatter, Robert (September 23, 2017). "New Fingerprint Test Can Detect Cocaine Use In Seconds". Forbes.

[5] Soparwalla, Santosh; Tadjimukhamedov, Fatkhulla K.; Wiley, Joshua S.; Ouyang, Zheng; Cooks, R. Graham (2011). "In situ analysis of agrochemical residues on fruit using ambient ionization on a handheld mass spectrometer". Analyst. 136 (21): 4392–4396. doi:10.1039/C1AN15493A. PMID 21892448.

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v t e Mass spectrometry
Mass m/z Mass spectrum MS software Acronyms
Ion source	APCI APLI APPI CI DAPPI DART DESI DIOS EESI EI ESI FAB FD GD IA ICP LAESI MALDI MALDESI MIP PTR SESI SIMS SS SSI SELDI TI TS
Mass analyzer	Sector Wien filter Time-of-flight Quadrupole mass filter Quadrupole ion trap Penning trap FT-ICR Orbitrap
Detector	Electron multiplier Microchannel plate detector Daly detector Faraday cup Langmuir–Taylor detector
MS combination	MS/MS QqQ AMS Hybrid MS GC/MS LC/MS IMS/MS CE-MS
Fragmentation	BIRD CID ECD EDD ETD HCD IRMPD NETD SID
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