Loyd Jowers trial
| King family v. Jowers and other unknown co-conspirators | |
|---|---|
| Court | The Circuit Court of Shelby County, Tennessee Thirtieth Judicial District at Memphis, Tennessee |
| Full case name | Coretta Scott King, Martin Luther King, III, Bernice King, Dexter Scott King, and Yolanda King v. Loyd Jowers and other unknown co-conspirators |
| Started | November 15, 1999 |
| Decided | December 8, 1999 |
| Verdict | Jury unanimously found Jowers and other unknown co-conspirators (including governmental agencies) liable of conspiring to assassinate Martin Luther King, Jr. and frame James Earl Ray as a patsy |
| Case history | |
| Subsequent action(s) | King family awarded $100 ($182.9 today) they had requested in damages |
| Court membership | |
| Judge(s) sitting | James E. Swearengen |
| Case opinions | |
| Decision by | Jury verdict |
The Loyd Jowers trial, officially the King family vs. Loyd Jowers and other unknown co-conspirators, was an American wrongful death civil suit brought by the family of Martin Luther King Jr. against Loyd Jowers, following his claims of a conspiracy in the assassination of the civil rights leader in 1968. The jury would eventually decide in 1999 that there was a conspiracy perpetrated by Jowers and other conspirators, including various United States government agencies, to murder King and frame James Earl Ray as a patsy.[1][2]
Background
In 1993, Loyd Jowers appeared on the ABC News program PrimeTime Live. He claimed that he was paid $100,000 by alleged Memphis mobster Frank Liberto to help organize the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. in 1968.[3] Jowers owned a Memphis coffee shop directly near the Lorraine Motel, where King was allegedly shot by James Earl Ray.[4] Jowers had remained silent for twenty-five years after King's assassination. After watching Ray's HBO mock trial on TV, Jowers produced his confession and claimed that he was part of a larger conspiracy to assassinate King and frame Ray as a patsy. He also claimed that "Raoul," Memphis Police officers, and the Mafia had been involved. Jowers named Memphis Police Lieutenant Earl Clark as the shooter.[5]
Trial and decision
In 1999, a civil suit alleged that Jowers and others had conspired to assassinate King. The King family turned to William Pepper, who had defended Ray in his HBO mock trial, to represent them in the wrongful death lawsuit, King family vs. Loyd Jowers and other unknown co-conspirators. During the four-week trial, Pepper brought forward over 70 witnesses and thousands of documents.[6]
The jury that heard the case took only one hour of deliberations to reach a unanimous verdict: that King was assassinated as a result of a conspiracy.[7] They found Jowers responsible, and also found that "governmental agencies" were among the conspirators.[8] The King family was granted the $100 they requested in damages, and they saw it as vindication. King's son, Dexter, said: "This is the period at the end of the sentence. So please, after today, we don't want questions like, 'Do you believe James Earl Ray killed your father?' I've been hearing that all my life. No, I don't, and this is the end of it."[3] Dexter further emphasized that "the shooter was the Memphis Police Department Officer, Lt. Earl Clark."[7]
Coretta Scott King said after the verdict: "There is abundant evidence of a major, high-level conspiracy in the assassination of my husband." The jury found that the mafia and various government agencies "were deeply involved in the assassination. ... Mr. Ray was set up to take the blame."[1][2]
Result and criticism
The decision caused the Department of Justice to reopen the case. In 2000, Attorney General Janet Reno announced that, after looking into the assassination, no evidence of a conspiracy could be found.[9] The Department of Justice found numerous inconsistencies in Jowers' statements. It also concluded there was no proof Frank Liberto belonged to the mafia and that, in its opinion, the witnesses that supported Jowers were not credible or were contradictory. Furthermore, it expressed the belief that Jowers fabricated his story for financial reward.[10]
Gerald Posner, an investigative journalist who wrote the book Killing the Dream in which he makes the case that Ray was the killer, said after the verdict: "It distresses me greatly that the legal system was used in such a callous and farcical manner in Memphis. If the King family wanted a rubber stamp of their own view of the facts, they got it."[11] Robert Blakey also criticized Pepper's theories on the case.[12]
See also
References
- ^ a b "Who killed Martin Luther King Jr.? His family believes James Earl Ray was framed". Washington Post.
- ^ a b "50 years later, conspiracies still swirl around Martin Luther King's death".
- ^ a b "Loyd Jowers; Jury Found He Played a Role in King's Slaying". Los Angeles Times. May 24, 2000.
- ^ "Loyd Jowers, 73, Who Claimed A Role in the Killing of Dr. King". The New York Times. Associated Press. 23 May 2000.
- ^ Little, Becky (15 January 2020). "Why Martin Luther King's Family Believes James Earl Ray Was Not His Killer". HISTORY.
- ^ "The Plot to Kill King". www.civilrightsmuseum.org.
- ^ a b "Assassination Conspiracy Trial | The Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change". thekingcenter.org. Archived from the original on 2012-05-03.
- ^ Yellin, Kevin Sack With Emily (December 10, 1999). "Dr. King's Slaying Finally Draws A Jury Verdict, but to Little Effect". The New York Times.
- ^ "Timeline of MLK Assassination and Investigation Into His Killing". Voice of America.
- ^ United States Department of Justice (Jun 2000). United States Department of Justice Investigation of Recent Allegations Regarding the Assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
- ^ Yellin, Emily (December 9, 1999). "Memphis Jury Sees Conspiracy in Martin Luther King's Killing". The New York Times.
- ^ "Who Killed Martin Luther King? (S1 EP 6)". Conspiracy?. 2004. History Channel.
[by Blakey:] Mr. Pepper comes up with, "Oh, how about this?" and "How about this?". Where's the coherent story? Mr. Pepper does not have a [sic] alternative, coherent story supported by credible witnesses. Until he does, I'll stick with what we did in '78.