List of phalangeriformes

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Six photos of phalangeriformes
Six species of phalangeriformes, clockwise from the top left: greater glider (Petauroides volans), sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps), common spotted cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus), feathertail glider (Acrobates pygmaeus), eastern pygmy possum (Cercartetus nanus), and common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)

Phalangeriformes is a suborder of Australian marsupial mammals. Members of this suborder are called phalangeriformes, and include possums, gliders, and cuscus. Phalangeriformes is one of three suborders that form the order Diprotodontia, the largest extant order of marsupials. They are found in Australia, New Guinea, and Indonesia, generally in forests, though some species can also be found in shrublands and grasslands. They range in size from the Tasmanian pygmy possum, at 5 cm (2 in) plus a 6 cm (2 in) tail, to the cuscus of the genus Spilocuscus, at 64 cm (25 in) plus a 59 cm (23 in) tail. Phalangeriformes primarily eat leaves, fruit, and insects, though many are omnivorous and will eat small vertebrates or other plant material.

Many phalangeriformes do not have population estimates, but the ones that do range from 50 mature individuals to 75,000. No species have gone extinct in modern times, but four are categorized as endangered: Tate's triok, mahogany glider, Gebe cuscus, and Woodlark cuscus. A further eight species are categorized as critically endangered: Leadbeater's possum, northern glider, western ringtail possum, mountain pygmy possum, Talaud bear cuscus, Telefomin cuscus, black-spotted cuscus, and blue-eyed spotted cuscus.

The sixty-four extant species of Phalangeriformes are divided into six families grouped into two superfamilies: Petauroidea, containing two species in two genera in the family Acrobatidae, eleven in three genera in the family Petauridae, eighteen in six genera in the family Pseudocheiridae, and a single species in the family Tarsipedidae; and Phalangeroidea, containing five species in two genera in the family Burramyidae and twenty-seven in five genera in the family Phalangeridae. Several extinct Phalangeriformes species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.[1]

Conventions

IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
 EX Extinct (0 species)
 EW Extinct in the wild (0 species)
 CR Critically Endangered (8 species)
 EN Endangered (4 species)
 VU Vulnerable (6 species)
 NT Near threatened (9 species)
 LC Least concern (36 species)
Other categories
 DD Data deficient (0 species)
 NE Not evaluated (1 species)

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the phalangeriformes's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.

Classification

The suborder Phalangeriformes consists of six extant families grouped into two superfamilies: Acrobatidae, Petauridae, Pseudocheiridae, and Tarsipedidae in the superfamily Petauroidea, and Burramyidae and Phalangeridae in the superfamily Phalangeroidea. Acrobatidae contains two species in two genera, Petauridae contains eleven species in three genera, Pseudocheiridae contains eighteen species in six genera, Tarsipedidae contains a single species, Burramyidae contains five species in two genera, and Phalangeridae contains twenty-seven species in five genera.

Superfamily Petauroidea

Superfamily Phalangeroidea

Phalangeriformes[2][3]  

Phalangeriformes

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists.[4]

Superfamily Petauroidea

Main article: Petauroidea

Acrobatidae

Main article: Acrobatidae
Genus Acrobates – Desmarest, 1818 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Feathertail glider

Brown glider

A. pygmaeus
(Shaw, 1793) 		Eastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 7–8 cm (3 in) tail[5]

Habitat: Forest[6]

Diet: Honeydew and arthropods[5] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[6]

Genus Distoechurus – Peters, 1874 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Feather-tailed possum

Drawing of brown gliders

D. pennatus
(Peters, 1874) 		New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 6–12 cm (2–5 in) tail[7]

Habitat: Forest[8]

Diet: Nectar, pollen, insects, and soft fruit[7] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[8]

Petauridae

Main article: Petauridae
Genus Dactylopsila – Gray, 1858 – four species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Great-tailed triok

Brown triok

D. megalura
Rothschild & Dollman, 1932 		Central New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 17–32 cm (7–13 in) long, plus 16–40 cm (6–16 in) tail[9]

Habitat: Forest[10]

Diet: Insects, fruit, and leaves[9] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[10]

Long-fingered triok


D. palpator
H. Milne-Edwards, 1888 		Central New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 17–32 cm (7–13 in) long, plus 16–40 cm (6–16 in) tail[9]

Habitat: Forest[11]

Diet: Insects, fruit, and leaves[9] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[11]

Striped possum

Black and white triok

D. trivirgata
Gray, 1858

Four subspecies
  • D. t. kataui
  • D. t. melampus
  • D. t. picata
  • D. t. trivirgata
New Guinea and northeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 17–32 cm (7–13 in) long, plus 16–40 cm (6–16 in) tail[9]

Habitat: Forest[12]

Diet: Ants, termites, and larvae[13] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[12]

Tate's triok

Brown and white triok

D. tatei
Laurie, 1952 		Eastern New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 17–32 cm (7–13 in) long, plus 16–40 cm (6–16 in) tail[9]

Habitat: Forest[14]

Diet: Insects, fruit, and leaves[14] 		 EN 


Unknown Unknown[14]

Genus Gymnobelideus – McCoy, 1867 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Leadbeater's possum

Brown possum

G. leadbeateri
McCoy, 1867 		Southern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 15–17 cm (6–7 in) long, plus 14–18 cm (6–7 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Forest[16]

Diet: Insects, spiders, and sap[17] 		 CR 


1,100–11,000 Population declining[16]

Genus Petaurus – Shaw, 1791 – six species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Biak glider


P. biacensis
Ulmer, 1940 		Northwestern New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 12–32 cm (5–13 in) long, plus 15–48 cm (6–19 in) tail[18]

Habitat: Forest[19]

Diet: Sap, flowers, nectar, pollen, insects, arachnids, and small vertebrates[18] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[19]

Mahogany glider

Gray glider

P. gracilis
(Vis, 1883) 		Northeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 12–32 cm (5–13 in) long, plus 15–48 cm (6–19 in) tail[18]

Habitat: Forest[20]

Diet: Nectar and pollen, as well as insects[21] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[20]

Northern glider


P. abidi
Ziegler, 1981 		Northern New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 12–32 cm (5–13 in) long, plus 15–48 cm (6–19 in) tail[18]

Habitat: Forest[22]

Diet: Sap, flowers, nectar, pollen, insects, arachnids, and small vertebrates[18] 		 CR 


Unknown Population declining[22]

Squirrel glider

Gray glider

P. norfolcensis
(Kerr, 1792) 		Eastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 12–32 cm (5–13 in) long, plus 15–48 cm (6–19 in) tail[18]

Habitat: Forest[23]

Diet: Insects, gum, sap, nectar, pollen, and seeds[24] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[23]

Sugar glider

Gray glider

P. breviceps
Waterhouse, 1839

Four subspecies
  • P. b. ariel (Savanna glider)
  • P. b. breviceps
  • P. b. longicaudatus
  • P. b. papuanus
New Guinea and northern, eastern, and southern Australia (introduced in pink)
Map of range 		Size: 12–32 cm (5–13 in) long, plus 15–48 cm (6–19 in) tail[25]

Habitat: Forest and savanna[26]

Diet: Sap, pollen, nectar, insects, arachnids, and small vertebrates[25] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[26]

Yellow-bellied glider

Drawing of brown glider

P. australis
Shaw, 1791

Two subspecies
  • P. a. australis
  • P. a. reginae
Eastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 27–30 cm (11–12 in) long, plus 42–48 cm (17–19 in) tail[27]

Habitat: Forest[28]

Diet: Nectar, pollen, and sap, as well as insects, arachnids, grubs, and small vertebrates[27] 		 NT 


50,000–500,000 Population declining[28]

Pseudocheiridae

Main article: Pseudocheiridae
Subfamily Hemibelideinae
Main article: Hemibelideinae
Genus Hemibelideus – Collett, 1884 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Lemuroid ringtail possum

Drawing of brown possum

H. lemuroides
(Collett, 1884) 		Northeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 30–38 cm (12–15 in) long, plus 30–35 cm (12–14 in) tail[29]

Habitat: Forest[30]

Diet: Leaves[29] 		 NT 


Unknown Population steady[30]

Genus Petauroides – Thomas, 1888 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Southern greater glider

Drawing of gray glider

P. volans
(Kerr, 1792)

Two subspecies
  • P. v. minor
  • P. v. volans
Southeastern Australia Size: 30–48 cm (12–19 in) long, plus 45–55 cm (18–22 in) tail[31]

Habitat: Forest[32]

Diet: Eucalyptus leaves[31] 		 VU 


50,000–500,000 Population declining[32]

Subfamily Pseudocheirinae
Main article: Pseudocheirinae
Genus Petropseudes – Thomas, 1923 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Rock-haunting ringtail possum

Brown possum

P. dahli
(Collett, 1895) 		Northern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 33–38 cm (13–15 in) long, plus 20–27 cm (8–11 in) tail[33]

Habitat: Rocky areas[34]

Diet: Leaves, fruit, and flowers, as well as termites[35] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[34]

Genus Pseudocheirus – Ogilby, 1837 – two species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Common ringtail possum

Brown possum

P. peregrinus
(Boddaert, 1785)

Three subspecies
  • P. p. convolutor (Eastern ringtail possum)
  • P. p. peregrinus (Common ringtail possum)
  • P. p. pulcher (Rufous ringtail possum)
Eastern and southern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 30–35 cm (12–14 in) long, plus 30–35 cm (12–14 in) tail[36]

Habitat: Forest and savanna[37]

Diet: Eucalyptus leaves, as well as flowers, buds, nectar, and fruit[36] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[37]

Western ringtail possum

Brown possum

P. occidentalis
(Thomas, 1888) 		Southwestern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 28–40 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 28–36 cm (11–14 in) tail[38]

Habitat: Forest and savanna[39]

Diet: Leaves, as well as fruit, flowers, bark, and sap[38] 		 CR 


3,400 Population declining[39]

Genus Pseudochirulus – Matschie, 1915 – eight species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Daintree River ringtail possum

Brown possum

P. cinereus
Tate, 1945 		Northeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail[40]

Habitat: Forest[41]

Diet: Leaves and fruit[40] 		 NT 


20,000–100,000 Population declining[41]

Herbert River ringtail possum

Drawing of brown possum

P. herbertensis
(Collett, 1884) 		Northeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 30–40 cm (12–16 in) long, plus 29–47 cm (11–19 in) tail[42]

Habitat: Forest[43]

Diet: Leaves[42] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[43]

Lowland ringtail possum


P. canescens
(Waterhouse, 1846)

Five subspecies
  • P. c. avarus
  • P. c. bernsteini
  • P. c. canescens
  • P. c. dammermani
  • P. c. gyrator
New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail[40]

Habitat: Forest[44]

Diet: Leaves and fruit[40] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[44]

Masked ringtail possum


P. larvatus
(Rothschild, 1911) 		Eastern New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail[40]

Habitat: Forest[45]

Diet: Leaves and fruit[40] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[45]

Painted ringtail possum

Drawing of brown possum

P. forbesi
(Thomas, 1887) 		Eastern New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail[40]

Habitat: Forest[46]

Diet: Leaves and fruit[40] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[46]

Pygmy ringtail possum


P. mayeri
(Rothschild & Dollman, 1932) 		Central New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail[40]

Habitat: Forest[47]

Diet: Leaves, ferns, pollen, fungus, moss, and lichens[48] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[47]

Vogelkop ringtail possum


P. schlegeli
(Jentink, 1884) 		Western New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail[40]

Habitat: Forest[49]

Diet: Leaves and fruit[40] 		 VU 


Unknown Population declining[49]

Weyland ringtail possum


P. caroli
Thomas, 1921

Two subspecies
  • P. c. caroli
  • P. c. versteegi
Western New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail[40]

Habitat: Forest[50]

Diet: Leaves and fruit[40] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[50]

Subfamily Pseudochiropsinae
Main article: Pseudochiropsinae
Genus Pseudochirops – Matschie, 1915 – five species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Coppery ringtail possum


P. cupreus
(Thomas, 1897) 		Central New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 28–41 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 25–38 cm (10–15 in) tail[33]

Habitat: Forest and grassland[51]

Diet: Leaves as well as fruit[33] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[51]

D'Albertis's ringtail possum

Drawing of brown possum

P. albertisii
(Peters, 1874)

Three subspecies
  • P. a. albertisii
  • P. a. insularis
  • P. a. schultzei
Western and northern New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 28–41 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 25–38 cm (10–15 in) tail[33]

Habitat: Forest[52]

Diet: Leaves as well as fruit[33] 		 NT 


Unknown Population declining[52]

Green ringtail possum

Brown possum

P. archeri
(Collett, 1884) 		Northeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 28–41 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 25–38 cm (10–15 in) tail[33]

Habitat: Forest[53]

Diet: Leaves, as well as figs[54] 		 NT 


100,000 Population declining[53]

Plush-coated ringtail possum

Drawing of brown possum

P. corinnae
(Thomas, 1897)

Three subspecies
  • P. c. argenteus
  • P. c. corinnae
  • P. c. fuscus
Central New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 28–41 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 25–38 cm (10–15 in) tail[33]

Habitat: Forest[55]

Diet: Leaves as well as fruit[33] 		 NT 


Unknown Population declining[55]

Reclusive ringtail possum


P. coronatus
(Thomas, 1897) 		Western New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 28–41 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 25–38 cm (10–15 in) tail[33]

Habitat: Forest[56]

Diet: Leaves as well as fruit[33] 		 VU 


Unknown Population declining[56]

Tarsipedidae

Main article: Tarsipedidae
Genus Tarsipes – Gervais & Verreaux, 1842 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Honey possum

Drawing of brown possums

T. rostratus
Gervais & Verreaux, 1842 		Southwestern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 7–11 cm (3–4 in) tail[57]

Habitat: Shrubland[58]

Diet: Pollen and nectar[57] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[58]

Superfamily Phalangeroidea

Main article: Phalangeroidea

Burramyidae

Main article: Burramyidae
Genus Burramys – Broom, 1895 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Mountain pygmy possum

Brown possum

B. parvus
Broom, 1896 		Southeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 13–16 cm (5–6 in) tail[59]

Habitat: Shrubland[60]

Diet: Insects, spiders, seeds, and berries[61] 		 CR 


Unknown Population declining[60]

Genus Cercartetus – Gloger, 1841 – four species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Eastern pygmy possum

Drawing of brown possum

C. nanus
(Desmarest, 1818)

Two subspecies
  • C. n. nanus
  • C. n. unicolor
Southeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 7–11 cm (3–4 in) tail[62]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland[63]

Diet: Nectar, pollen, and insects[62] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[63]

Long-tailed pygmy possum

Brown possum

C. caudatus
(H. Milne-Edwards, 1877)

Two subspecies
  • C. c. caudatus
  • C. c. macrura
New Guinea and northeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 12–16 cm (5–6 in) tail[64]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland[65]

Diet: Nectar, insects, and pollen[66] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[65]

Tasmanian pygmy possum

Brown possum

C. lepidus
Thomas, 1888 		Southern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 6–8 cm (2–3 in) tail[67]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland[68]

Diet: Nectar, pollen, invertebrates, and small lizards[67] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[68]

Western pygmy possum

Brown possum

C. concinnus
(Gould, 1845)

Two subspecies
  • C. c. concinnus
  • C. c. minor
Southern and southwestern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 6–11 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 5–11 cm (2–4 in) tail[64]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland[69]

Diet: Nectar, insects, and small lizards[70] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[69]

Phalangeridae

Main article: Phalangeridae
Subfamily Ailuropinae
Main article: Ailuropinae
Genus Ailurops – Wagler, 1830 – two species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Sulawesi bear cuscus

Brown cuscus

A. ursinus
(Temminck, 1824)

Four subspecies
  • A. u. flavissimus
  • A. u. furvus
  • A. u. togianus
  • A. u. ursinus
Sulawesi island in Indonesia
Map of range 		Size: 56–54 cm (22–21 in) long, plus 61–58 cm (24–23 in) tail[71]

Habitat: Forest[72]

Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit[73] 		 VU 


Unknown Population declining[72]

Talaud bear cuscus

Drawing of brown cuscus

A. melanotis
(Thomas, 1898) 		Salibabu Island in Indonesia
Map of range 		Size: 56–54 cm (22–21 in) long, plus 61–58 cm (24–23 in) tail[71]

Habitat: Forest[74]

Diet: Leaves as well as fruit[71] 		 CR 


Unknown Population declining[74]

Subfamily Phalangerinae
Main article: Phalangerinae
Genus Phalanger – Storr, 1780 – thirteen species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Blue-eyed cuscus


P. matabiru
Flannery & Boeadi, 1995 		Ternate and Tidore islands in eastern Indonesia
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[76]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs[75] 		 VU 


Unknown Population steady[76]

Eastern common cuscus


P. intercastellanus
Thomas, 1895 		Eastern New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[77]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs[75] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[77]

Gebe cuscus


P. alexandrae
Flannery & Boeadi, 1995 		Gebe island in eastern Indonesia
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[78]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs[75] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[78]

Ground cuscus

Black cuscus

P. gymnotis
(Peters & Doria, 1875)

Two subspecies
  • P. g. gymnotis
  • P. g. leucippus
New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[79]

Diet: Fruit, eggs, seeds, and leaves[80] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[79]

Mountain cuscus


P. carmelitae
Thomas, 1898

Two subspecies
  • P. c. carmelitae
  • P. c. coccygis
Central and eastern New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[81]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs[75] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[81]

Northern common cuscus

Brown cuscus

P. orientalis
(Pallas, 1766)

Two subspecies
  • P. o. breviceps
  • P. o. orientalis
New Guinea and nearby islands (introduced in red)
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[82]

Diet: Leaves, tree seeds, fruit, buds and flowers[83] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[82]

Ornate cuscus

Drawing of brown cuscus

P. ornatus
(Gray, 1860) 		North Maluku islands in eastern Indonesia
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[84]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs[75] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[84]

Rothschild's cuscus


P. rothschildi
Thomas, 1898 		Obi Islands in eastern Indonesia
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[85]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs[75] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[85]

Silky cuscus


P. sericeus
Thomas, 1907

Two subspecies
  • P. s. occidentalis
  • P. s. sericeus
Central and eastern New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[86]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs[75] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[86]

Southern common cuscus

Brown cuscus

P. mimicus
Pallas, 1766

Two subspecies
  • P. m. mimicus
  • P. m. peninsulae
Southern New Guinea and northeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest and savanna[87]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs[75] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[87]

Stein's cuscus

Black and white cuscus

P. vestitus
(H. Milne-Edwards, 1877) 		Scattered New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[88]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs[75] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[88]

Telefomin cuscus


P. matanim
Flannery, 1987 		Central New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[89]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs[75] 		 CR 


40 Unknown[89]

Woodlark cuscus


P. lullulae
Thomas, 1896 		Madau and Woodlark Island east of New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail[75]

Habitat: Forest[90]

Diet: Vines[91] 		 EN 


Unknown Population steady[90]

Genus Spilocuscus – Gray, 1861 – five species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Admiralty Island cuscus


S. kraemeri
(Schwarz, 1910) 		Admiralty Islands north of New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 33–64 cm (13–25 in) long, plus 31–59 cm (12–23 in) tail[92]

Habitat: Forest[93]

Diet: Leaves, coconuts, and other fruit[92] 		 NT 


Unknown Population declining[93]

Black-spotted cuscus

Brown, black, and white cuscus

S. rufoniger
(Zimara, 1937) 		Northern New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 33–64 cm (13–25 in) long, plus 31–59 cm (12–23 in) tail[92]

Habitat: Forest[94]

Diet: Believed to be omnivorous[95] 		 CR 


Unknown Population declining[94]

Blue-eyed spotted cuscus


S. wilsoni
Helgen & Flannery, 2004 		Islands northwest of New Guinea
Map of range 		Size: 33–64 cm (13–25 in) long, plus 31–59 cm (12–23 in) tail[92]

Habitat: Forest[96]

Diet: Leaves, coconuts, and other fruit[92] 		 CR 


Unknown Population declining[96]

Common spotted cuscus

Brown and white cuscus

S. maculatus
(Geoffroy, 1803)

Four subspecies
  • S. m. chrysorrhous
  • S. m. goldiei
  • S. m. maculatus
  • S. m. nudicaudatus
New Guinea and northeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 48–56 cm (19–22 in) long, plus 31–33 cm (12–13 in) tail[97]

Habitat: Forest[98]

Diet: Leaves, fruit, insects, and small vertebrates[97] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[98]

Waigeou cuscus

Black and white cuscus

S. papuensis
(Desmarest, 1822) 		Waigeo in eastern Indonesia
Map of range 		Size: 33–64 cm (13–25 in) long, plus 31–59 cm (12–23 in) tail[92]

Habitat: Forest[99]

Diet: Leaves, coconuts, and other fruit[92] 		 VU 


Unknown Unknown[99]

Genus Strigocuscus – Gray, 1861 – two species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Banggai cuscus

Drawing of brown cuscus

S. pelengensis
(Tate, 1945)

Two subspecies
  • S. p. mendeni
  • S. p. pelengensis
Peleng and Sula Islands in eastern Indonesia
Map of range 		Size: 35–37 cm (14–15 in) long, plus 24–30 cm (9–12 in) tail[100]

Habitat: Forest[101]

Diet: Fruit[100] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[101]

Sulawesi dwarf cuscus

Drawing of brown cuscus

S. celebensis
(Gray, 1858)

Three subspecies
  • S. c. celebensis
  • S. c. feileri
  • S. c. sangirensis
Sulawesi in Indonesia
Map of range 		Size: 29–38 cm (11–15 in) long, plus 27–38 cm (11–15 in) tail[102]

Habitat: Forest[103]

Diet: Fruit, flowers, and leaves[103] 		 NT 


Unknown Population declining[103]

Genus Trichosurus – Lesson, 1828 – four species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Common brushtail possum

Gray possum

T. vulpecula
(Kerr, 1792) 		Scattered Australia
Map of range 		Size: 32–58 cm (13–23 in) long, plus 24–35 cm (9–14 in) tail[104]

Habitat: Forest and savanna[105]

Diet: Leaves, shoots, and flowers[104] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[105]

Coppery brushtail possum

Brown possum

T. johnstonii
(Ramsay, 1888) 		Northeastern Australia Size: 40–49 cm (16–19 in) long, plus 30–40 cm (12–16 in) tail[106]

Habitat: Forest[106]

Diet: Leaves and fruit[106] 		 NE 


Unknown Unknown

Mountain brushtail possum

Gray possum

T. cunninghami
Lindenmayer, Dubach & Viggers, 2002 		Southeastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 32–58 cm (13–23 in) long, plus 24–40 cm (9–16 in) tail[107]

Habitat: Forest[108]

Diet: Leaves, fungi, lichen, buds, and fruit, as well as bark[109] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[108]

Short-eared possum

Drawing of gray possums

T. caninus
(Ogilby, 1836) 		Eastern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 32–58 cm (13–23 in) long, plus 24–40 cm (9–16 in) tail[107]

Habitat: Forest[110]

Diet: Leaves, fruit, buds, fungi, bark, and insects[111] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[110]

Genus Wyulda – Alexander, 1918 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Scaly-tailed possum

Drawing of brown possum

W. squamicaudata
Alexander, 1918 		Northwestern Australia
Map of range 		Size: 29–47 cm (11–19 in) long, plus 25–33 cm (10–13 in) tail[112]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and rocky areas[113]

Diet: Leaves[114] 		 NT 


5,000–10,000 Population declining[113]

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Sources

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