January 1972

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January 4, 1972: HP-35 pocket calculator introduced
January 10, 1972: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is released from Pakistani prison and becomes prime minister of the new nation of Bangladesh
January 27, 1972: Home video game system introduced by Magnavox

The following events occurred in January 1972:

January 1, 1972 (Saturday)

January 2, 1972 (Sunday)

Mobutu Sese Seko, formerly Joseph Mobutu
  • Mobutu Sese Seko, the President of Zaire, announced his new campaign, "Authenticité", to remove all traces of the former Belgian Congo's colonial past in favor of "Africanized" names, customs and dress. Having changed his own name from Joseph-Desire Mobutu, the President required citizens with European-sounding names to change them to something more authentic.[3]
U.S. First Lady Pat Nixon
  • U.S. First Lady Pat Nixon arrived in Liberia for the beginning of an 8-day tour of Africa, which also included Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire.[4]
  • A group of six men stole $4,000,000 worth of jewelry in the Pierre Hotel Robbery, from safe deposit boxes at the New York luxury hotel. After being tipped off by an informant, the FBI captured the robbers, but recovered only one million of the loot.[5]
  • Juliane Koepcke, the sole survivor of the Christmas Eve crash of LANSA Flight 508, was found alive by three hunters deep inside the Amazon jungle in Peru. The only survivor of 93 people on the plane, she had followed a stream for nine days until finding help.[6]
  • Serial killer John Wayne Gacy committed the first of at least 33 murders at his home in Norwood Park Township, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. Gacy approached 16-year-old Timothy McCoy at the Greyhound bus terminal in Chicago and took him to the Gacy home, where he stabbed McCoy to death. Gacy then buried McCoy's body under the crawlspace.[7]
  • Born: Álvaro Díaz González, Chilean journalist and director, in Santiago.
  • Died: Lillian Gilbreth, 93, efficiency expert and heroine of Cheaper by the Dozen

January 3, 1972 (Monday)

A photo from Mariner 9 of Noctis Labyrinthius
  • Mariner 9 began the first mapping of the planet Mars, after dust storms on the red planet had ceased.[8]

January 4, 1972 (Tuesday)

  • The first scientific electronic pocket calculator, the HP-35 was introduced by Hewlett-Packard and priced at $395 (equivalent to more than $2,400 in 2019). Although hand-held electronic machines, that could multiply and divide (such as the Canon Pocketronic) had been made since 1971, the HP-35 could handle higher functions including logarithms and trigonometry.[9]

January 5, 1972 (Wednesday)

  • From his "Western White House" residence in San Clemente, California, President Richard Nixon announced that the United States would develop the Space Shuttle as the next phase of the American space program, with 5.5 billion dollars allocated to the first reusable spacecraft. "It would transform the space frontier of the 1970s into familiar territory," said Nixon, "easily accessible for human endeavor of the 1980s and 1990s."[10]
  • Soviet dissident Vladimir Bukovsky was convicted of Anti-Soviet agitation and sentenced to two years in prison, five in a labour camp, and five more in internal exile.[11]

January 6, 1972 (Thursday)

January 7, 1972 (Friday)

Justice Powell
Justice Rehnquist

January 8, 1972 (Saturday)

January 9, 1972 (Sunday)

  • Shortly after midnight, Britain's 280,000 coal miners walked off the job in the first nationwide miners' strike since 1926.[26] As the strike dragged on, Britain was forced to go to the Three-Day Week.[27]
The wreckage of QE2 [28]

January 10, 1972 (Monday)

  • Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the "Bangabandhu" and "Father of Bangladesh", returned to Dhaka at 1:30 pm to a hero's welcome.[25]
  • In Britain, Birmingham's Sunday Mercury broke the story of toxic waste dumping in the Midlands, and the government's indifference to complaints. The public outcry that followed would lead to the passage of environmental legislation on March 30.
  • In Baton Rouge, Louisiana, a confrontation between members of the Black Liberation Army left two sheriff's deputies dead and 14 other policemen injured. Two BLA members were killed, and 17 civilians were hurt. The BLA killed thirteen police officers between 1970 and 1976.[31][32][33][34]
  • Born: Thomas Alsgaard, Norwegian Olympic cross-country gold medalist, in Enebakk[35]
  • Died: Aksel Larsen, 74, Danish politician

January 11, 1972 (Tuesday)

  • Bill France Jr. succeeded his father as President of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing NASCAR. Over the next 28 years, France oversaw the growth of stock car racing to a multibillion-dollar industry and one of the most popular sports in the United States.[36]
  • The Night Stalker, starring Darren McGavin, was broadcast as the ABC Movie of the Week. Watched by 75 million viewers, it was the highest rated made-for-television movie to that date, and would lead to a weekly television series for McGavin.[37]

January 12, 1972 (Wednesday)

  • The first regulations limiting exposure to asbestos were announced by the United States Department of Labor. Widely used in construction because of its fireproof nature, asbestos had been proven to be carcinogenic in the long term.[38]
  • The Detroit Tigers signed a 40-year lease for a $126 million dollar domed stadium, to be built downtown. Detroit voters, however, would refuse to approve funding a bond issue to pay for the dome, and it would never be built. The team would continue to play at Tiger Stadium until moving to the outdoor Comerica Park in 1998.[39]
  • Born: Espen Knutsen, Norwegian hockey star, in Oslo

January 13, 1972 (Thursday)

  • While he was out of the country for treatment of an eye ailment, Kofi Abrefa Busia, the Prime Minister of Ghana, lost his job when the government was overthrown in a bloodless coup, led by Lt. Col. Ignatius Kutu Acheampong, leader of the "National Redemption Council".[40][41] Dr. Busia lived the rest of his life in London. Acheampong was overthrown in 1978 and was executed the following year.
  • U.S. President Richard Nixon announced that 70,000 American troops would be pulled out of Vietnam by May 1, cutting the existing force of 139,000 by half.[42]
  • Alabama Governor George C. Wallace announced his candidacy for the Democratic Party nomination.[43] The previous day, the Internal Revenue Service had dropped its investigation of Wallace's brother Gerald. Historian Stephen E. Ambrose suggested in his 1989 book Nixon: The Triumph of a Politician, 1962–1972, that President Nixon had brokered a deal in order to ensure his re-election in 1972.[44] With Nixon and Hubert Humphrey having announced their candidacies earlier in the week, all three major contenders in the 1968 election were in the 1972 race.
  • A plane, taking West Germany's Chancellor Willy Brandt home after his visit to the United States, came within 500 feet (150 m) of colliding with Eastern Airlines Flight 870, as both planes were flying at 33,000 feet (10,000 m) 85 miles (137 km) northeast of Jacksonville, Florida. A spokesman for the Professional Air Traffic Controllers' Association said on January 15 that the incident had been reported to him by controllers at the Jacksonville airport.[45]
  • Born:

January 14, 1972 (Friday)

Demond Wilson and Redd Foxx

January 15, 1972 (Saturday)

Queen Margrethe II of Denmark

January 16, 1972 (Sunday)

January 17, 1972 (Monday)

January 18, 1972 (Tuesday)

  • Mao Zedong secretly designated Prime Minister Zhou Enlai to succeed him as leader of the People's Republic of China.[55] Zhou would die on January 8, 1976, eight months before Mao.
Dr. Blumberg

January 19, 1972 (Wednesday)

The Minervan flag
  • The "Republic of Minerva" was proclaimed by Michael Oliver of the Phoenix Foundation and a group of entrepreneurs who had built an island by towing sand onto the underwater Minerva Reefs, located in the South Pacific Ocean, 260 miles (420 km) west of Tonga. The micronation, which printed its own currency and coinage, would come to an end when Tonga annexed the reefs on June 21.[60]
  • In Strasbourg, the Council of Europe adopted the Anthem of Europe, based on the final movement of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony ("Ode to Joy"). It would become the anthem for the European Union created in 1993.[61]
  • the Associated Press selected Mexican-American professional golfer Lee Trevino as the male professional athlete of 1971, after he won the U.S. Open, the British Open and the Canadian Open tournaments in a four-week period and had been voted PGA Player of the Year.[62]
  • Born:

January 20, 1972 (Thursday)

  • In Geneva, the member nations of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) agreed to raise their price for crude oil by 8.49 percent, to $2.49 per barrel, the first of many sharp increases that would follow.[63]
  • LIFE Magazine and McGraw-Hill postponed the scheduled release of The Autobiography of Howard Hughes, written by Clifford Irving. LIFE had planned to serialize it beginning with its February 11 issue, while McGraw-Hill had a March 10 release date.[64] Proven later to be a hoax, the would-be bestseller was never sold.
  • Hughes Airwest Flight 8800 was hijacked as it taxied for a takeoff from McCarran International Airport. Imitating D. B. Cooper, passenger "D. Shane" demanded $50,000 in cash and two parachutes after threatening to explode a bomb, and after releasing the passengers and stewardesses, ordered the DC-9 to fly eastward. Shane—later identified as Richard Charles LaPoint—bailed out over the Rockies and landed 21 miles (34 km) northwest of Akron, Colorado, where he was captured by state police, along with the ransom.[65] LaPoint, 23, received a 40-year federal prison sentence.[66]
  • Karen Wise became the first woman to play NCAA college basketball (limited at that time to men), when she took the court for Windham College against Castleton State College. Playing for two minutes, she gathered one rebound but did not score in her team's 84–38 loss.[67]

January 21, 1972 (Friday)

  • India added three new States, bringing the total to 20, with statehood granted to Tripura, Manipur and Meghalaya. On the same day, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh were granted union territory status (both granted statehood in 1987). As of 2009, there are 28 states and seven territories in India.[68]
  • Hundreds of guests at a wedding in New Delhi drank bootleg liquor and were poisoned by what turned out to be a mixture of rubbing alcohol and paint varnish. By Sunday, more than 100 had died.[69]

January 22, 1972 (Saturday)

January 23, 1972 (Sunday)

January 24, 1972 (Monday)

Sergeant Yokoi in World War II
  • After hiding for more than 27 years, Sergeant Shoichi Yokoi was discovered on Guam by two hunters, Manuel de Garcia and Jesus Duenas. One of 19,000 Japanese soldiers occupying the island during World War II, Sgt. Yokoi had disappeared into the jungle near the Talofofo River after American forces recaptured Guam in 1944.[74]
  • Meeting with scientists at Multan, Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto secretly launched Pakistan's program to build a nuclear weapon.[75]
  • The Iowa Caucus, which would later mark the opening of delegate selection in U.S. presidential election campaigns, was conducted for the first time. The initial event, marked by gatherings in 2,600 at homes and meeting rooms in election precincts statewide, was limited to registered Democrats, and would displace the New Hampshire primary as the first test for political party nominees. [76] When the results were finally tabulated the next day, U.S. Senator Edmund Muskie of Maine won 18 of Iowa's 46 Democratic delegates, while U.S. Senator George McGovern of South Dakota won 10, while the remaining 18 were uncommitted. [77]
  • A month after bringing the Emirate of Sharjah into the United Arab Emirates, the emir, Khalid bin Mohammed Al Qasimi was assassinated in a coup attempt by the previous ruler, Saqr bin Sultan al-Qasimi, whom Khalid had overthrown in 1965. Saqr failed to regain the throne, and Sharjah has been ruled since then by Khalid's brother, Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi.[78]
  • Born: Daniel Kawczynski, Polish-British politician, MP for Shrewsbury and Atcham, in Warsaw, Poland[79]
  • Died:

January 25, 1972 (Tuesday)

  • In a nationally televised address, President Nixon revealed that Henry Kissinger had been secretly negotiating with North Vietnamese leaders, and announced "a plan for peace that can end the war in Vietnam".[80] North Vietnam rejected the proposal the next day.
U.S. Representative Chisholm
  • Shirley Chisholm, the first black woman to be elected to Congress (representing New York's 12th Congressional District) announced that she would seek the Democratic nomination for president.[81]
  • Two Ohio State players—Luke Witte and Mark Wagar—were sent to the hospital when a fight broke out in their college basketball game at Minnesota. With 0:36 left, and Ohio State leading 50–44, Corky Taylor and Ron Behagen of Minnesota attacked Witte. A brawl between both teams lasted for more than a minute before the game was called. Taylor and Behagen were suspended for the rest of the season. Witte declined to file charges.[82]
  • Died:
    • Carl Hayden, 94; American legislator and former President Pro Tempore of the Senate (1957–1969), who had represented Arizona in Congress for 57 years. Hayden had been the first at-large U.S. Representative when Arizona was admitted to the union in 1912, then continued as a U.S. Senator starting in 1927 until finishing his seventh term in 1969.
    • Erhard Milch, 79, developer of Germany's Luftwaffe

January 26, 1972 (Wednesday)

  • On the lawn in front of the Australian Parliament in Canberra, four young Aborigine men (Michael Anderson, Billy Craigie, Gary Williams and Tony Coorey) erected a tent that they called the Aboriginal Embassy, a symbol of the feeling that the indigenous Australians were treated as foreigners in their own homeland. Soon, the four were joined by others, until nearly 2,000 supporters encamped in front of the Parliament. The "embassy" was torn down six months later.[83]
  • A Croatian terrorist organization planted a bomb in JAT Yugoslav Flight 364, which exploded over Czechoslovakia, at an altitude of 33,000 feet (10,000 m), killing 27 of the 28 people on board. Remarkably, a stewardess Vesna Vulović, who had been in the tail section of the DC-9, survived despite falling more than 6 miles (9.7 km), landing near Srbská Kamenice. She was released after a hospitalization of 16 months.[84][85]
  • The first Eclipse Awards, recognizing horse racing achievements, were made, in a ceremony at New York's Waldorf-Astoria Hotel.[86]
  • At the request of her ex-husband, actor Richard Wagner, actress Natalie Wood visited his home in Palm Springs, California. Wagner and Wood, who had married in 1957 and divorced in 1962, remained together from this date onward, remarrying each other in July.[87] Wood and Wagner were married until Wood's mysterious death in November 1981; in 2018, Wagner would be named a person of interest in the investigation into Wood's death.[88]
  • Born:

January 27, 1972 (Thursday)

January 28, 1972 (Friday)

Joplin (1868-1917)

January 29, 1972 (Saturday)

January 30, 1972 (Sunday)

A mural in Derry commemorating Bloody Sunday [99]

January 31, 1972 (Monday)

King Birendra of Nepal

References

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  4. ^ "Liberian Leader to Host Mrs. Nixon", Sydney Morning Herald, January 4, 1972, p5
  5. ^ "Inside the Criminal-Informant Business", by Robert Daley, New York Magazine (March 24, 1975), pp32–33
  6. ^ "Crash Survivor's Ordeal in Jungle". Oakland Tribune. January 5, 1972. p. 1.
  7. ^ Cahill, Tim (1986). Buried Dreams: Inside the Mind of Serial Killer John Wayne Gacy. Bantam Books. p. 102.
  8. ^ Space Science Board, United States Space Science Program: Report to COSPAR (June 1973), p28
  9. ^ "Mini-Calculator Big on Answers", Oakland Tribune, January 5, 1972, p9
  10. ^ Richard S. Lewis, The Voyages of Columbia: The First True Spaceship (Columbia University Press, 1984), p30; "NIXON AUTHORIZES SPACE SHUTTLE", El Paso Herald-Post, January 5, 1972, p1
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  12. ^ New Commentary on the Code of Canon Law (Paulist Press, 2000), pp947–948
  13. ^ Kourosh Ahmadi, Islands and International Politics in the Persian Gulf (Routledge, 2008), p79
  14. ^ Samuel Walker, In Defense of American Liberties: A History of the ACLU (Southern Illinois University Press, 1999), p309
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  16. ^ "Jetliner Rams Peak; 104 Killed", Oakland Tribune, January 7, 1972, p1
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  28. ^ attribution: Barry Loigman, M.D.
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  40. ^ "Paying For Unpopularity". TIME. January 24, 1972. Archived from the original on 15 November 2005.
  41. ^ Shillington, Kevin (2005). Encyclopedia of African History. CRC Press. pp. 577–78.
  42. ^ "Nixon Pulls 70,000 More GIs Out of War". Oakland Tribune. January 13, 1972. p. 1.
  43. ^ "Wallace To Run as Democrat". Oakland Tribune. January 13, 1972. p. 1.
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  45. ^ "Brandt Plane Averts Collision in Mid-Air". Oakland Tribune. January 15, 1972. p. 1.
  46. ^ "Vitali Shcherba". Olympedia. OlyMADMen. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  47. ^ James S. Olson, ed., Historical Dictionary of the 1970s, p307
  48. ^ John Levy, with Devra Hall, Men, Women, and Girl Singers: My Life as a Musician Turned Talent Manager (Beckham, 2000), p204
  49. ^ "King Frederik IX Of Denmark Dies", Oakland Tribune, January 14, 1972
  50. ^ "Danish Queen Proclaimed In Emotional Ceremonies", Oakland Tribune, January 16, 1972, p1
  51. ^ "A Cowboy Stampede", by Tex Maule, Sports Illustrated, January 24, 1972, pp10–15
  52. ^ Chicago Sun-Times, March 29, 1978. page 5
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  58. ^ "U.S. Seizes Two Russian Ships". Oakland Tribune. January 18, 1972. p. 1.
  59. ^ "CG Takes Russ Back To Ships". Pacific Stars and Stripes. February 22, 1972. p. 4.
  60. ^ Raič, David (2002). Statehood and the Law of Self-determination. Kluwer Law International. p. 59.
  61. ^ Buch, Esteban (2003). Beethoven's Ninth: A Political History. University of Chicago Press. p. 239.
  62. ^ "Lee Trevino: AP athlete of year". Wilmington Morning News. Wilmington, Delaware. January 20, 1972. p. 34.
  63. ^ Taverne, Bernard (2008). Petroleum, Industry, and Governments: A Study of the Involvement of Industry and Governments in the Production and Use of Petroleum. Kluwer Law International. pp. 293–294.
  64. ^ "Surprise Delay On Hughes Book". Oakland Tribune. January 20, 1972. p. 12.
  65. ^ "Airwest Jet Pirated in Vegas; Suspect Sprains Ankle in Fall". Nevada State Journal. Reno, Nevada. January 21, 1972. p. 1.
  66. ^ "Hijacker Is Sentenced To 40 Years in Prison". Stars and Stripes (European ed.). May 14, 1972. p. 6.
  67. ^ "Women's Lib No Help To Poor Windham". Syracuse Herald-Journal. January 21, 1972. p. 17.
  68. ^ Aggarwal, J.C.; Agrawal, S.P. (1995). Uttarakhand: Past, Present, and Future. Concept Publishing. pp. 89–93.
  69. ^ "Bootleg toll rises". The Independent. Long Beach, California. January 24, 1972. p. 29.
  70. ^ Lee Miles, The European Union and the Nordic Countries (CRC Press, 1996), p39
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  86. ^ Pollard, Dick (2007). Horses For Courses: Adventures in Thoroughbred Racehorse Ownership. Vantage Press. p. 167.
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  88. ^ Salam, Maya (3 February 2018). "New Doubts in Natalie Wood's Death: 'I Don't Think She Got in the Water by Herself'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 13 January 2020. Retrieved 3 June 2019.
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  91. ^ United States Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities (1974). The Senate Watergate Report: The Final Report. pp. 74–76.
  92. ^ "Luckless Hijacker's Death Ends Dream". Post-Standard. Syracuse, New York. January 28, 1972. p. 1.
  93. ^ "A Tale of Two Losers". TIME. February 7, 1972. Archived from the original on October 22, 2010.
  94. ^ "Police Officer Gregory Philip Foster, New York City Police Department, New York". The Officer Down Memorial Page, Inc. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
  95. ^ "Police Officer Rocco W. Laurie, New York City Police Department, New York". The Officer Down Memorial Page, Inc. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
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  97. ^ Edward A. Berlin, King of Ragtime: Scott Joplin and His Era (Oxford University Press, 1995), pp251–52
  98. ^ Heinrich August Winkler, Germany: The Long Road West: Volume 2: 1933–1990 (Oxford University Press, 2007), p277
  99. ^ Attribution: Keith Ruffles
  100. ^ Peter Pringle and Philip Jacobson, Those Are Real Bullets: Bloody Sunday, Derry, 1972 (Grove Press, 2002); "The Bitter Road From Bloody Sunday", TIME Magazine, February 14, 1972
  101. ^ Alexander T. Wells and Clarence C. Rodrigues, Commercial Aviation Safety (McGraw-Hill, 2003), p301
  102. ^ John Fry, The Story of Modern Skiing (University Press of New England, ©2006), pp153–154
  103. ^ "Nepal's king dies", Syracuse Herald Journal, January 31, 1972, p1