Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers

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Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers
Other namesIso-Kikuchi syndrome
SpecialtyDermatology

Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers is defined by the presence of the condition at birth, either unilateral or bilateral index finger involvement, variable distortion of the nail or lunula, and polyonychia, micronychia, anonychia, hemi-onychogryphosis, or malalignment.[1]

This condition is also called Iso-Kikuchi syndrome, since Iso was the first author who published it in a Japanese paper.[2]

Signs and symptoms

Numerous nail anomalies are noted, such as uneven lunula, nail malalignment, hemionychogryphosis, polyonychia, micronychia, and anonychia.[3]

Causes

It is still unknown what exactly causes congenital onychodystrophy of the index finger. Nonetheless, there is evidence in favor of hereditary transmission.[3]

Diagnosis

Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers is diagnosed based on five criteria:[4]

  1. Congenital occurrence.[4]
  2. Bilateral or unilateral index finger involvement.[4]
  3. Variations in nail appearance.[4]
  4. Potential hereditary involvement.[4]
  5. Associated bone abnormalities.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology (10th ed.). Saunders. p. 783. ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6.
  2. ^ Baran R, Stroud JD (February 1984). "Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers. Iso and Kikuchi syndrome". Arch Dermatol. 120 (2): 243–4. doi:10.1001/archderm.1984.01650380103022. PMID 6696480.
  3. ^ a b Haddad, Stefanos F (2023-06-26). "Congenital Onychodystrophy of the Index Fingers: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology". Medscape Reference. Retrieved 2024-03-07.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Baran, Robert (1984-02-01). "Congenital Onychodysplasia of the Index Fingers: Iso and Kikuchi Syndrome". Archives of Dermatology. 120 (2): 243. doi:10.1001/archderm.1984.01650380103022. ISSN 0003-987X.

Further reading

  • Milani-Nejad, Nima; Mosser-Goldfarb, Joy (2020). "Congenital Onychodysplasia of Index Fingers: Iso-Kikuchi Syndrome". The Journal of Pediatrics. 218. Elsevier BV: 254–254.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.10.008. ISSN 0022-3476.
  • YOUN, S.H.; KWON, O.S.; PARK, K.C.; YOUN, J.I.; CHUNG, J.H. (1996). "Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers - Iso-Kikuchi syndrome. A case involving the second toenail". Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 21 (6). Oxford University Press (OUP): 457–458. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.1996.tb00157.x. ISSN 0307-6938.

External links

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